Ikizamini cya relayrelay Icyuma nigikoresho cyingenzi cya metero yumuriro wishyurwa mbere.Ubuzima bwa relay bugena ubuzima bwa metero yamashanyarazi kurwego runaka.Imikorere yigikoresho ningirakamaro cyane mumikorere ya metero y'amashanyarazi yishyuwe mbere.Nyamara, hari benshi mubakora ibicuruzwa byo murugo no mumahanga, bitandukanye cyane mubipimo byumusaruro, urwego rwa tekiniki hamwe nibikorwa.Kubwibyo, abakora metero yingufu bagomba kuba bafite ibikoresho byogutahura neza mugihe cyo kugerageza no guhitamo ibyuma kugirango barebe ubwiza bwa metero z'amashanyarazi.Muri icyo gihe, Grid ya Leta yanashimangiye icyitegererezo cyo kwerekana ibipimo ngenderwaho byerekana metero zikoresha amashanyarazi, bisaba kandi ibikoresho byo kugenzura kugira ngo hagenzurwe ubuziranenge bwa metero z'amashanyarazi zakozwe n'ababikora batandukanye.Nyamara, ibikoresho byerekana relay ntabwo bifite ikintu kimwe gusa cyo gutahura, inzira yo gutahura ntishobora kwikora, amakuru yo gutahura agomba gutunganywa no gusesengurwa nintoki, kandi ibisubizo byo gutahura bifite ibintu bitandukanye byubukorikori.Byongeye kandi, imikorere yo gutahura ni mike kandi umutekano ntushobora kwizerwa [7] .Mu myaka ibiri ishize, ikigo cya Leta cyagiye gahoro gahoro gahoro gahoro ibisabwa bya tekiniki ya metero y’amashanyarazi, gishyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho bijyanye n’inganda n’ibisobanuro bya tekiniki, byerekana ibibazo bya tekiniki. kubijyanye no kwerekana ibipimo byerekana, nkumutwaro hejuru yubushobozi bwa relay, guhinduranya ibiranga ikizamini, nibindi. Niyo mpamvu, byihutirwa kwiga igikoresho kugirango ugere ku buryo bunonosoye ibipimo byerekana imikorere ya relay [7] .Hakurikije ibisabwa ibipimo byerekana imikorere ya relay ikizamini, ibizamini bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri.Imwe murimwe ni ikizamini kitagira umutwaro ugezweho, nkigikorwa cyagaciro, guhuza imibonano nubuzima bwimashini.Iya kabiri ni hamwe nu mutwaro wikizamini cyibizamini, nka voltage yumuriro, ubuzima bwamashanyarazi, ubushobozi burenze urugero. Ibintu byingenzi byikizamini byatangijwe muri make kuburyo bukurikira: (1) agaciro k ibikorwa.Umuvuduko ukenewe mubikorwa bya relay.(2) Menyesha kuturwanya.Agaciro ko guhangana hagati yabantu babiri iyo gufunga amashanyarazi.(3) Ubuzima bwa mashini.Ibice bya mashini mugihe nta byangiritse, inshuro inshuro ibikorwa byo guhinduranya.(4) Menyesha voltage.Iyo amashanyarazi yafunzwe, umutwaro runaka ushyirwa mumashanyarazi yumuriro hamwe nigiciro cya voltage hagati yabahuza.(5) Ubuzima bw'amashanyarazi.Iyo voltage yagenwe ikoreshwa kumpande zombi za coil yo gutwara ibinyabiziga hanyuma umutwaro urwanya urwego rushyirwa mugikorwa cyo guhuza, uruziga ruri munsi yincuro 300 kumasaha kandi cycle ni 1∶4, ibihe byizewe byigihe cya relay.(6) Ubushobozi burenze.Iyo voltage yagenwe ikoreshwa kumpande zombi za coil yo gutwara kandi inshuro 1.5 yumutwaro wagenwe ushyirwa mumurongo wo guhuza, ibihe byizewe bya relay birashobora kugerwaho mugihe cyibikorwa byinshuro (10 ± 1) / min Ubwoko. relay, ubwoko bwa induction, relay yamashanyarazi, ibyuma bya elegitoroniki, nibindi, ukurikije intego birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwo kugenzura, kurinda relay, nibindi, Ukurikije impapuro zahinduwe zishobora kugabanywa muburyo bwo gupima no gupima.8 ] Gupima relay ishingiye ku guhindura ibyinjijwe, ibyinjira bihora bihari mugihe ukora, gusa iyo ibyinjijwe bigeze ku giciro runaka cya relay bizakora, nka relay iriho ubu, voltage relay, ubushyuhe bwumuriro, umuvuduko wihuta, igitutu, urwego rwamazi rwamazi, nibindi ..Imiyoboro ya Electromagnetic ifite ibiranga imiterere yoroshye, igiciro gito, gukora neza no kuyitaho, ubushobozi buke bwo guhuza (muri rusange munsi ya SA), umubare munini wabantu bahuza kandi nta ngingo nkuru n’abafasha, nta gikoresho kizimya arc, ingano nto, ibikorwa byihuse kandi nyabyo, kugenzura neza, kwiringirwa, nibindi.Ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo kugenzura imbaraga nke.Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa rya electromagnetic relay zirimo rezo zubu, voltage voltage, relaire intera hamwe na rezo ntoya rusange.Imiterere ya elegitoroniki ya elegitoroniki hamwe nihame ryakazi bisa nuwahuza, bigizwe ahanini nuburyo bwa electronique na magnetique.Imashanyarazi ya electronique ifite DC na AC.Umuvuduko cyangwa amashanyarazi byongewe kumpande zombi za coil kugirango bibyare ingufu za electroniki.Iyo imbaraga za electromagnetique iruta imbaraga zimpinduka zifatika, armature irashushanya kugirango isanzwe ifungurwe kandi mubisanzwe ifunze imikoranire yimuka.Iyo voltage cyangwa umuyoboro wa coil igabanutse cyangwa ikabura, armature irekurwa hanyuma umubonano ukongera.[8] Ubushuhe bwumuriro Ubushyuhe bukoreshwa cyane cyane mubikoresho byamashanyarazi (cyane cyane moteri) kurinda imitwaro irenze.Ubushuhe bwa Thermal ni ubwoko bwakazi ukoresheje ihame ryogususurutsa ryibikoresho byamashanyarazi, ni hafi ya moteri yemerera kurenza urugero ibintu biranga ibihe bitandukanye, bikoreshwa cyane cyane hamwe nuwahuza, bikoreshwa mubyiciro bitatu bya moteri idahwitse hamwe no kurinda icyiciro cya gatatu -icyiciro cya moteri idafite imbaraga mubikorwa nyirizina, akenshi bahura nimpamvu zatewe namashanyarazi cyangwa ubukanishi nko hejuru yubu, kurenza urugero no gutsindwa kwicyiciro).Niba hejuru yumuriro udakomeye, igihe ni gito, kandi guhindagurika ntibirenze izamuka ryubushyuhe bwemewe, ibi hejuru yumuyaga biremewe;Niba amashanyarazi arenze urugero kandi akamara igihe kirekire, bizihutisha gusaza kwa moteri ndetse no gutwika moteri.Kubwibyo, igikoresho cyo kurinda moteri kigomba gushyirwaho mumuzunguruko.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibikoresho byo kurinda moteri mubikoreshwa bisanzwe, kandi ibisanzwe ni icyuma cya plaque yumuriro.icyuma cyerekana ubwoko bwumuriro nicyiciro cya gatatu, hariho ubwoko bubiri hamwe kandi nta kurinda icyiciro.[8] Igihe cyerekanwe Igihe cyakoreshejwe mugucunga igihe mukuzunguruka.Ubwoko bwabwo ni bwinshi cyane, ukurikije ihame ryibikorwa byabwo birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa electromagnetique, ubwoko bwangiza ikirere, ubwoko bwamashanyarazi nubwoko bwa elegitoronike, ukurikije uburyo bwo gutinda bushobora kugabanywa gutinda kwamashanyarazi no gutinda kwingufu.Igihe cyo guhumeka ikirere gikoresha ihame ryo guhumeka ikirere kugirango ubone igihe cyo gutinda, kigizwe nuburyo bwa electronique, uburyo bwo gutinda hamwe na sisitemu yo guhuza.Uburyo bwa electromagnetic nuburyo bukora-bubiri bwa E-icyuma cyuma, sisitemu yo guhuza ikoresha micro-I-X5, kandi uburyo bwo gutinda bufata ibyuka byo mu kirere.[8] kwiringirwa1.Ingaruka yibidukikije ku kwizerwa kwa relay: igihe cyo kugereranya hagati yo kunanirwa kwerekanwa gukorera muri GB na SF nicyo kinini, kigera kuri 820.00h, mugihe mubidukikije bya NU, ni 600,00h gusa.[9] 2.Ingaruka z'icyiciro cyiza ku kwizerwa kwizerwa: iyo hatoranijwe icyiciro cya A1 cyiza, impuzandengo yigihe cyo gutsindwa irashobora kugera kuri 3660000h, mugihe impuzandengo yigihe cyo kunanirwa kwicyiciro cya C ni 110000, hamwe ninshuro 33.Birashobora kugaragara ko urwego rwiza rwa relay rufite ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yabo yo kwizerwa.3; hamwe no kwiyongera kwumubare wicyuma icyarimwe, nigihe cyo kugereranya hagati yo gutsindwa kimwe-pole imwe-guta relay enye icyuma kabiri-guta inshuro 5.5.[9] 4.Ingaruka yubwoko bwimiterere kubwizerwa bwa relay: hari ubwoko 24 bwimiterere ya relay, kandi buri bwoko bugira ingaruka kubwizerwa bwabwo.[9] 5.Ingaruka yubushyuhe ku kwizerwa kwa relay: ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa relay buri hagati ya -25 ℃ na 70 ℃.Hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe, impuzandengo yigihe hagati yo kunanirwa kwerekanwa igabanuka buhoro buhoro.[9] 6.Ingaruka yimikorere yibikorwa kuri relay kwizerwa: Hamwe no kwiyongera k'igipimo cyibikorwa bya relay, impuzandengo yigihe hagati yo kunanirwa ahanini irerekana icyerekezo cyo kumanuka.Kubwibyo, niba umuzenguruko wateguwe usaba relay kugirango ikore ku kigero cyo hejuru cyane, birakenewe gutahura neza relay mugihe cyo kubungabunga umuzenguruko kugirango isimburwe mugihe.[9] 7.Ingaruka yikigereranyo kiriho kwizerwa rya relay: icyo bita igipimo cyubu ni igipimo cyumutwaro wakazi ukora wa relay hamwe nu mutwaro wagenwe.Ikigereranyo kiriho gifite uruhare runini ku kwizerwa kwa relay, cyane cyane iyo igipimo kiriho kirenze 0.1, igihe cyo kugereranya hagati yo gutsindwa kigabanuka vuba, mugihe iyo igipimo kiriho kiri munsi ya 0.1, igihe cyo kugereranya hagati yo gutsindwa gikomeza kuba kimwe , umutwaro rero ufite urwego rwohejuru rugomba guhitamo mugushushanya kugirango ugabanye igipimo kiriho.Muri ubu buryo, ubwizerwe bwa relay ndetse numuzunguruko wose ntuzagabanuka kubera ihindagurika ryakazi.
