Ikizamini cya relayrelay Icyuma nigikoresho cyingenzi cya metero yumuriro wishyurwa mbere. Ubuzima bwa relay bugena ubuzima bwa metero yamashanyarazi kurwego runaka. Imikorere yigikoresho ningirakamaro cyane mumikorere ya metero y'amashanyarazi yishyuwe mbere. Nyamara, hari benshi mubakora ibicuruzwa byo murugo no mumahanga, bitandukanye cyane mubipimo byumusaruro, urwego rwa tekiniki hamwe nibikorwa. Kubwibyo, abakora metero yingufu bagomba kuba bafite ibikoresho byogutahura neza mugihe cyo kugerageza no guhitamo ibyuma kugirango barebe ubwiza bwa metero z'amashanyarazi. Muri icyo gihe, Grid ya Leta yanashimangiye icyitegererezo cyo kwerekana ibipimo ngenderwaho byerekana metero zikoresha amashanyarazi, bisaba kandi ibikoresho byo kugenzura kugira ngo hagenzurwe ubuziranenge bwa metero z'amashanyarazi zakozwe n'ababikora batandukanye. Nyamara, ibikoresho byerekana relay ntabwo bifite ikintu kimwe gusa cyo gutahura, inzira yo gutahura ntishobora kwikora, amakuru yo gutahura agomba gutunganywa no gusesengurwa nintoki, kandi ibisubizo byo gutahura bifite ibintu bitandukanye byubukorikori. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo gutahura buri hasi kandi umutekano ntushobora kwizerwa [7] .Mu myaka ibiri ishize, Urwego rwa Leta rwagiye rushyiraho buhoro buhoro ibisabwa bya tekiniki ya metero y’amashanyarazi, rushyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho bijyanye n’inganda n’ibisobanuro bya tekiniki, byashyize ahagaragara ingorane zimwe na zimwe za tekiniki zo gutahura ibipimo ngenderwaho, nk'uburemere ku bushobozi bwa relay, guhinduranya ibizamini byerekana ibipimo ngenderwaho kugira ngo hamenyekane ibipimo ngenderwaho byerekana ibipimo ngenderwaho 7. irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri. Imwe murimwe ni ikizamini kitagira umutwaro ugezweho, nkigikorwa cyagaciro, guhuza imibonano nubuzima bwimashini. Iya kabiri ni hamwe nu mutwaro wikizamini cyibizamini, nka voltage yumuriro, ubuzima bwamashanyarazi, ubushobozi burenze urugero. Ibintu byingenzi byikizamini byatangijwe muri make kuburyo bukurikira: (1) agaciro k ibikorwa. Umuvuduko ukenewe mubikorwa bya relay. (2) Menyesha kuturwanya. Agaciro ko guhangana hagati yabantu babiri iyo gufunga amashanyarazi. (3) Ubuzima bwa mashini. Ibice bya mashini mugihe nta byangiritse, inshuro inshuro ibikorwa byo guhinduranya. (4) Menyesha voltage. Iyo amashanyarazi yafunzwe, umutwaro runaka ushyirwa mumashanyarazi hamwe numuvuduko wa voltage hagati yabahuza. (5) Ubuzima bw'amashanyarazi. Iyo imbaraga zapimwe zashyizwe kumpande zombi za coil yo gutwara hanyuma umutwaro urwanya urwego rushyirwa mugikorwa cyo guhuza, uruziga ruri munsi yincuro 300 kumasaha naho uruzinduko rwakazi ni 1∶4, ibihe byizewe byo kwerekanwa. (6) Ubushobozi burenze. Iyo voltage yagenwe ikoreshejwe kumpande zombi za coil yo gutwara hanyuma inshuro 1.5 yumutwaro wapimwe ikoreshwa muguhuza amakuru, ibihe byokwizerwa byigihe cya relay birashobora kugerwaho mugihe cyibikorwa byinshuro (10 ± 1) inshuro / min Ubwoko bwa induction, relay y'amashanyarazi, ibyuma bya elegitoroniki, nibindi, ukurikije intego birashobora kugabanywa kugenzura kugenzura, kurinda relay, nibindi, Ukurikije ibyinjira byahinduwe bishobora kugabanywa muburyo bwo gupima no gupima. ; relay, nibindi .. Imashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki ifite ibiranga imiterere yoroshye, igiciro gito, gukora neza no kuyitaho, ubushobozi buke bwo guhuza (muri rusange munsi ya SA), umubare munini wabantu bahuza kandi nta ngingo nkuru zifasha, nta bikoresho bizimya arc, ubunini buto, ibikorwa byihuse kandi nyabyo, kugenzura byoroshye, byizewe, nibindi. Ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo kugenzura imbaraga nke. Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa rya electromagnetiki ririmo ibyerekezo byubu, amashanyarazi ya voltage, intera hagati hamwe na rezo ntoya rusange. Imiterere ya elegitoroniki ya elegitoroniki hamwe nihame ryakazi bisa nabahuza, bigizwe ahanini nuburyo bwa electronique na magnetique. Imashanyarazi ya electronique ifite DC na AC. Umuvuduko cyangwa amashanyarazi byongewe kumpande zombi za coil kugirango bibyare ingufu za electroniki. Iyo ingufu za electromagnetique iruta imbaraga zimpanuka, armature irashushanya kugirango isanzwe ifungurwe kandi mubisanzwe ifunze imikoranire yimuka. Iyo voltage cyangwa umuyoboro wa coil igabanutse cyangwa ikabura, armature irekurwa hanyuma umubonano ukongera. [8] Ubushuhe bwumuriro Ubushyuhe bukoreshwa cyane cyane mubikoresho byamashanyarazi (cyane cyane moteri) kurinda imitwaro irenze. Ubushuhe bwa Thermal ni ubwoko bwakazi ukoresheje ihame ryubushyuhe bwibikoresho byamashanyarazi, ni hafi ya moteri yemerera ibintu birenze ibintu biranga ibihe bitandukanye, bikoreshwa cyane cyane hamwe nuwabitumanaho, bikoreshwa mubyiciro bitatu byimodoka ya asinchronous moteri hamwe no kunanirwa kwicyiciro cyo kurinda moteri yibyiciro bitatu mumikorere nyirizina, bikunze guhura nibibazo biterwa namashanyarazi cyangwa ubukanishi nko kurenza amashanyarazi, kurenza urugero no gutsindwa kwicyiciro). Niba hejuru yumuriro udakomeye, igihe ni gito, kandi guhindagurika ntibirenze izamuka ryubushyuhe bwemewe, ibi hejuru yumuyaga biremewe; Niba amashanyarazi arenze urugero kandi akamara igihe kinini, bizihutisha gusaza kwa moteri ndetse no gutwika moteri. Kubwibyo, igikoresho cyo kurinda moteri kigomba gushyirwaho mumuzunguruko. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibikoresho byo kurinda moteri mugukoresha bisanzwe, kandi ibisanzwe ni icyuma cyerekana ubushyuhe bwumuriro. Icyuma cyerekana icyuma cyerekana ubushyuhe ni ibyiciro bitatu, hari ubwoko bubiri hamwe kandi nta kurinda icyiciro. [8] Igihe cyerekanwe Igihe cyakoreshejwe mugucunga igihe mukuzunguruka. Ubwoko bwabwo ni bwinshi cyane, ukurikije ihame ryibikorwa byabwo birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa electromagnetique, ubwoko bwangiza ikirere, ubwoko bwamashanyarazi nubwoko bwa elegitoronike, ukurikije uburyo bwo gutinda bushobora kugabanywa gutinda kwamashanyarazi no gutinda kwingufu. Igihe cyo guhumeka ikirere gikoresha ihame ryo guhumeka ikirere kugirango ubone igihe cyo gutinda, kigizwe nuburyo bwa electronique, uburyo bwo gutinda hamwe na sisitemu yo guhuza. Uburyo bwa electromagnetic nuburyo bukora-bubiri bwa E-icyuma cyuma, sisitemu yo guhuza ikoresha micro-I-X5, kandi uburyo bwo gutinda bufata ibyuka byo mu kirere. [8] kwiringirwa1. Ingaruka yibidukikije ku kwizerwa kwa relay: igihe cyo kugereranya hagati yo kunanirwa kwerekanwa gukorera muri GB na SF nicyo kinini, kigera kuri 820.00h, mugihe mubidukikije bya NU, ni 600,00h gusa. [9] 2. Ingaruka z'icyiciro cyiza ku kwizerwa kwizerwa: iyo hatoranijwe icyiciro cya A1 cyiza, impuzandengo yigihe cyo gutsindwa irashobora kugera kuri 3660000h, mugihe impuzandengo yigihe cyo kunanirwa kwicyiciro cya C ni 110000, hamwe ninshuro 33. Birashobora kugaragara ko urwego rwiza rwa relay rufite ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yabo yo kwizerwa. 3; [9] 4. Ingaruka yimiterere yubwoko bwa relay kwizerwa: hari ubwoko 24 bwimiterere ya relay, kandi buri bwoko bugira ingaruka kubwizerwa. [9] 5. Ingaruka yubushyuhe ku kwizerwa kwa relay: ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa relay buri hagati ya -25 ℃ na 70 ℃. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe, impuzandengo yigihe hagati yo kunanirwa kwerekanwa igabanuka buhoro buhoro. [9] 6. Ingaruka yimikorere yibikorwa kuri relay kwizerwa: Hamwe no kwiyongera k'igipimo cyibikorwa bya relay, impuzandengo yigihe hagati yo kunanirwa ahanini irerekana icyerekezo cyo kumanuka. Kubwibyo, niba umuzenguruko wateguwe usaba relay kugirango ikore ku kigero cyo hejuru cyane, birakenewe gutahura neza relay mugihe cyo kubungabunga umuzenguruko kugirango isimburwe mugihe. [9] 7. Ingaruka yikigereranyo kiriho kwizerwa rya relay: icyo bita igipimo cyubu ni igipimo cyumutwaro wakazi ukora wa relay hamwe nu mutwaro wagenwe. Ikigereranyo kiriho gifite uruhare runini ku kwizerwa kwa relay, cyane cyane iyo igipimo kiriho kirenze 0.1, igihe cyo kugereranya hagati yo gutsindwa kigabanuka vuba, mugihe iyo igipimo kiriho kiri munsi ya 0.1, igihe cyo kugereranya hagati yikinanirana gikomeza kuba kimwe, bityo umutwaro hamwe numuyoboro mwinshi wagenwe ugomba guhitamo mugushushanya kugirango ugabanye igipimo kiriho. Muri ubu buryo, ubwizerwe bwa relay ndetse numuzunguruko wose ntuzagabanuka kubera ihindagurika ryakazi.
