Kondensateri.
Kondenseri, igice cya sisitemu yo gukonjesha, ni iy'icyuma gihindura ubushyuhe, gishobora guhindura gazi cyangwa umwuka mo amazi, no kohereza ubushyuhe mu muyoboro mu kirere hafi y'umuyoboro mu buryo bwihuse cyane. Uburyo bwo gukora bwa kondenseri ni inzira yo kurekura ubushyuhe, bityo ubushyuhe bwa kondenseri buba buri hejuru.
Ibikoresho byinshi bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zitanga ingufu kugira ngo bihuze umwuka uva muri turbine. Ibikoresho bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora ubukonjesha kugira ngo bihuze umwuka uva muri turbine nka ammonia na freon. Ibikoresho bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora peteroli kugira ngo bihuze hydrocarboni n'indi myuka ikoreshwa muri shimi. Mu gikorwa cyo gusya, igikoresho gihindura umwuka ukajya mu isanzure ry'amazi cyitwa kandi condenser. Ibikoresho byose bikonjesha bikora bikuraho ubushyuhe buva muri gazi cyangwa umwuka.
Igice cya mashini cya sisitemu yo gukonjesha, kiri mu cyuma gihindura ubushyuhe, gishobora guhindura umwuka cyangwa umwuka mu mazi, no kwimura ubushyuhe buri mu muyoboro mu kirere hafi y'umuyoboro mu buryo bwihuse cyane. Uburyo imikorere ya condenser ni inzira yo kurekura ubushyuhe, bityo ubushyuhe bwa condenser buba buri hejuru.
Ibikoresho byinshi bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zitanga ingufu kugira ngo bihuze umwuka uva muri turbine. Ibikoresho bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora ubukonjesha kugira ngo bihuze umwuka uva muri turbine nka ammonia na freon. Ibikoresho bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora peteroli kugira ngo bihuze hydrocarboni n'indi myuka ikoreshwa muri shimi. Mu gikorwa cyo gusya, igikoresho gihindura umwuka ukajya mu buryo bw'amazi cyitwa kandi condenser. Ibikoresho byose bikonjesha bikora bikuraho ubushyuhe bwa gaze cyangwa umwuka. [1]
ihame
Gazi inyura mu muyoboro muremure (ubusanzwe ihuzwa n’icyuma gishyushya), bigatuma ubushyuhe bugabanuka mu kirere gikikije. Ibyuma nk'umuringa, bitwara ubushyuhe, bikunze gukoreshwa mu gutwara umwuka. Kugira ngo hongerwe imikorere ya kondensateri, ibicanwa by'ubushyuhe bifite imikorere myiza yo gutwara ubushyuhe bikunze gushyirwa ku miyoboro kugira ngo byongere agace gatwara ubushyuhe kugira ngo byihutishe gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kandi kontineri y'umwuka yihuta binyuze mu mufana kugira ngo ikureho ubushyuhe.
Muri sisitemu yo kuzenguruka ya firigo, compressor ihumeka umwuka wo mu kirere ushyushye kandi ufite umuvuduko muto uva muri evaporator, uwo mwuka ushyirwa muri evaporator ushyushye cyane kandi ufite umuvuduko mwinshi, hanyuma ukandwa muri condenser kugira ngo ukonjeshe umuvuduko uhoraho, hanyuma ukarekura ubushyuhe ukajya mu gikoresho gikonjesha, hanyuma ugatembanwa ukajya muri firigo ishyushye cyane. Frigo y'amazi iba firigo y'amazi ifite umuvuduko muto binyuze muri valve yo kwagura adiabatic throttling, ikava mu mwuka ikajyana ubushyuhe mu mazi azunguruka (umwuka) mu firigo, bityo ikonjesha amazi azunguruka kugira ngo agere ku ntego yo gukonjesha, kandi firigo isohoka mu muvuduko muto ikajya muri compressor, bityo uruziga rugakora.
Sisitemu yo gukonjesha umwuka mu buryo bumwe igizwe n'ibice bine by'ibanze bya compressor yo gukonjesha, condenser, valve yo gufunga na evaporator, bihuzwa n'imiyoboro kugira ngo bikore sisitemu ifunze, kandi refrigerant ihora izenguruka muri sisitemu, ihindura imiterere, kandi igahana ubushyuhe n'isi yo hanze.
Kwisiga
Muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha, evaporator, condenser, compressor na valve ya throttle ni ibice bine by'ingenzi bya sisitemu yo gukonjesha, aho evaporator ari igikoresho cyohereza ingano y'ubukonje. Refrigerant yinjiza ubushyuhe bw'ikintu kiri gukonjesha kugira ngo gikonje. Compressor ni umutima, ugira uruhare mu guhumeka, gukanda no gutwara umwuka wa refrigerant. Condenser ni igikoresho gisohora ubushyuhe, cyimura ubushyuhe bwinjizwa muri evaporator hamwe n'ubushyuhe buhindurwa n'umurimo wa compressor bujya mu buryo bukonjesha. Valve ya throttle igira uruhare mu gukanda no kugabanya umuvuduko wa refrigerant, mu gihe igenzura kandi igenzura ingano y'amazi ya refrigerant yinjira muri evaporator, kandi sisitemu igabanyijemo ibice bibiri: uruhande rw'umuvuduko mwinshi n'uruhande rw'umuvuduko muto. Muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha, uretse ibice bine binini byavuzwe haruguru, akenshi hari ibikoresho by'inyongera, nka vali za solenoid, imashini zitanga ibikoresho, ibyuma byumisha, imashini zikusanya, imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi, imashini zigenzura umuvuduko n'ibindi bice, bigamije kunoza ubukungu, ubwizerwe n'umutekano w'imikorere.
Dukurikije imiterere y’ubukonje, icyuma gikonjesha gishobora kugabanywamo ibice bikonjeshwa n’amazi n’ibikonjeshwa n’umwuka, kandi hakurikijwe icyo gikoreshwa, gishobora kugabanywamo ibice bikonjeshwa n’ibikonjeshwa n’ibishyushye, uko ubwoko bw’ibibigize kose, kigizwe n’ibice by’ingenzi bikurikira.
Gukenera kondensateri bishingiye ku itegeko rya kabiri rya thermodynamics - dukurikije itegeko rya kabiri rya thermodynamics, icyerekezo cy’ingufu z’ubushyuhe mu buryo bwikora ni kimwe, ni ukuvuga ko gishobora gutemba gusa kuva ku bushyuhe bwinshi kugera ku bushyuhe buke, kandi uduce duto cyane dutwara ingufu z’ubushyuhe mu isi ya microscope dushobora guhinduka gusa kuva kuri gahunda imwe kugeza kuri imwe. Kubwibyo, iyo moteri y’ubushyuhe ifite ingufu ziyongera kugira ngo ikore, igice cyo hasi kigomba kandi kugira ingufu zirekurwa, kugira ngo habeho icyuho cy’ingufu z’ubushyuhe hagati y’igice cyo hejuru n’icyo hasi, urujya n’uruza rw’ingufu z’ubushyuhe ruzashoboka, kandi uruhererekane ruzakomeza.
Kubwibyo, niba ushaka ko icyuma gitwara ibintu cyongera gukora, ugomba kubanza kurekura ingufu z'ubushyuhe zitarekurwa burundu, kandi ugomba gukoresha icyuma gitwara ibintu muri iki gihe. Niba ingufu z'ubushyuhe zikikije zirenze ubushyuhe buri muri icyuma gitwara ibintu, kugira ngo icyuma gikonjeshe, akazi kagomba gukorwa (muri rusange hakoreshejwe icyuma gikonjesha). Amazi afunze asubira ku rwego rwo hejuru n'ingufu nke z'ubushyuhe, kandi akazi gashobora kongera gukorwa.
Guhitamo kondensateri birimo guhitamo imiterere n'icyitegererezo, kandi bigagena uburyo amazi akonje cyangwa umwuka unyura muri kondensateri unyuramo n'uburyo amazi akonjesha anyuramo. Guhitamo ubwoko bwa kondensateri bigomba kuzirikana isoko y'amazi yo mu gace, ubushyuhe bw'amazi, imiterere y'ikirere, ndetse n'ingano y'ubushobozi bwose bwo gukonjesha bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha n'ibisabwa mu cyumba gikonjesha. Mu rwego rwo kugena ubwoko bwa kondensateri, agace ko kongerera ubushyuhe ka kondensateri kabarwa hakurikijwe uburemere bw'ubushyuhe n'umutwaro w'ubushyuhe kuri buri gice cy'ikondensateri, kugira ngo hatoranywe icyitegererezo cyihariye cya kondensateri.
Imiterere ya sisitemu
Nyuma yo kwinjiza ubushyuhe bw'ikintu gikonje muri evaporator, firigo ihinduka umwuka mu mwuka ushyushye cyane n'umuvuduko muke, ihumekwa na compressor, igashyirwa mu mwuka ushyushye cyane n'umuvuduko muke hanyuma ikinjira muri condenser, igasohora ubushyuhe mu buryo bukonjesha (amazi cyangwa umwuka) muri condenser, igahinduka amazi ashyushye cyane, igakururwa na valve yo gukamura kugira ngo igire umuvuduko muke n'umuvuduko muke, hanyuma ikinjira muri evaporator kugira ngo igire umuvuduko muke n'umuvuduko muke, hanyuma ikongera kwinjira muri evaporator kugira ngo igire umuvuduko muke kandi ihinduke umwuka. Kugira ngo igere ku ntego yo gukonjesha. Muri ubu buryo, firigo ikoreshwa muri sisitemu binyuze mu guhumeka, gukanda, gukonjesha, no gufunga inzira enye z'ibanze kugira ngo urangize uruziga rwo gukonjesha.
Ibice by'ingenzi ni compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion valve (cyangwa capillary, supercooling control valve), valve y'inzira enye, valve nyinshi, valve yo kugenzura, valve ya solenoid, switch y'umuvuduko, fize, valve igenzura umuvuduko, controller y'umuvuduko, tanki yo kubikamo amazi, exchanger y'ubushyuhe, collector, filter, vulturer, igikoresho cyo gufungura no gufunga kikora, valve yo guhagarika, plug y'amazi n'ibindi bice.
amashanyarazi
Ibice by'ingenzi ni moteri (compressors, fans, nibindi), switch zikoreshwa, contactors za electromagnetic, interlocking relays, overcurrent relays, thermal relays, thermal relays, thermal relays, thermal relays, termal relays, humidifications, humidifications, thermal switches (zo gushonga, gukumira gukonja, nibindi). Compressor crankcase heater, water relays, computer board nibindi bice.
Ibipimo
Igizwe n'ibikoresho byinshi byo kugenzura, ari byo:
Umugenzuzi w'ibikoresho bikonjesha: valve yo kwagura, capillary, n'ibindi.
Umugenzuzi w'uruziga rwa firigo: valve y'inzira enye, valve yo kugenzura, valve ebyiri, valve ya solenoid.
Umuyoboro ugenzura umuvuduko ukoreshwa muri firigo: icyuma gifungura umuvuduko, umuyoboro ugenzura umuvuduko usohoka, umuyoboro ugenzura umuvuduko.
Urinda moteri: relay y'umuvuduko ukabije, relay y'umuvuduko ukabije w'ubushyuhe, relay y'ubushyuhe.
Umugenzuzi w'ubushyuhe: umugenzuzi w'urwego rw'ubushyuhe, umugenzuzi w'ubushyuhe.
Igenzura ry'ubushuhe: igenzura ry'urwego rw'ubushuhe.
Igenzura ryo gukurura ubushyuhe: guhindura ubushyuhe, guhindura igihe cyo gukurura ubushyuhe, guhindura ubushyuhe butandukanye.
Kugenzura amazi akonjesha: kujyana amazi, valve igenzura amazi, pompe y'amazi, n'ibindi.
Kugenzura inzogera: inzogera ikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, inzogera ikoresha amazi menshi cyane, inzogera ikoresha amashanyarazi make, inzogera y'umuriro, inzogera y'umwotsi, nibindi.
Izindi genzura: igenzura ry'umuvuduko w'umufana wo mu nzu, igenzura ry'umuvuduko w'umufana wo hanze, n'ibindi.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha ibice by'imodoka bya MG & MAUXS.
