Amashanyarazi ni ibikoresho bya mashini bihindura ubundi buryo bwingufu mumashanyarazi.Zitwarwa na turbine yamazi, turbine yamazi, moteri ya mazutu cyangwa izindi mashini zamashanyarazi kandi zihindura ingufu zituruka kumazi, gutembera kwumwuka, gutwika lisansi cyangwa gucana ingufu za kirimbuzi mumashanyarazi akoreshwa mumashanyarazi, ahinduka ingufu zamashanyarazi.
Amashanyarazi akoreshwa cyane mu musaruro w’inganda n’ubuhinzi, kurengera igihugu, siyanse n’ikoranabuhanga ndetse n’ubuzima bwa buri munsi.Amashanyarazi aje muburyo bwinshi, ariko amahame yakazi yabo ashingiye kumategeko yo kwinjiza amashanyarazi hamwe n amategeko yingufu za electronique.Kubwibyo, ihame rusange ryubwubatsi ni: hamwe nibikoresho bikwiye bya magnetiki nuyobora kugirango bikore magnetiki induction ya magnetiki yumuzunguruko nizunguruka, kugirango bibyare ingufu za electroniki, kugirango tugere ku ntego yo guhindura ingufu.Imashini itanga amashanyarazi igizwe na stator, rotor, capa ya nyuma no gutwara.
Stator igizwe na stator yibanze, guhinduranya uruzitiro rwinsinga, ikadiri nibindi bice byubaka bikosora ibi bice
Rotor igizwe na rotor ya rotor (cyangwa magnetiki pole, magnetiki choke) ihindagurika, impeta yumuzamu, impeta yo hagati, impeta yo kunyerera, umufana nigiti kizunguruka, nibindi.
Igifuniko cyo kwifata no kurangiza bizaba stator ya generator, rotor ihujwe hamwe, kugirango rotor ishobore kuzunguruka muri stator, gukora icyerekezo cyo guca umurongo wa magneti yingufu, bityo bikabyara ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza, binyuze mumurongo wanyuma. , ihujwe mu cyerekezo, izatanga umusaruro
