Aho akazi gakorerwa n'amahame y'umufana ushyushya imodoka
1. Iyo sensor y'ubushyuhe bw'ikigega (mu by'ukuri valve igenzura ubushyuhe, ntabwo ari sensor y'ubushyuhe bw'amazi) ibonye ko ubushyuhe bw'ikigega burenze urugero (akenshi dogere 95), relay y'umufana irakora;
2. Urugendo rw'umufana ruhujwe binyuze mu gice cy'umufana, hanyuma moteri y'umufana iratangira.
3. Iyo sensor y'ubushyuhe bw'ikigega cy'amazi ibonye ko ubushyuhe bw'ikigega cy'amazi buri hasi y'urugero rw'umupaka, umufana ujyana umufana uratandukana maze moteri y'umufana igahagarara gukora.
Ikintu kijyanye n'imikorere y'umufana ni ubushyuhe bw'ikigega, kandi ubushyuhe bw'ikigega ntabwo bufitanye isano itaziguye n'ubushyuhe bw'amazi ya moteri.
Aho akazi gakorerwa n'amahame y'umufana ushyushya imodoka: sisitemu yo gushyushya imodoka irimo ubwoko bubiri.
Gukonjesha amazi no gukonjesha umwuka. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha y'ikinyabiziga gikonjesha amazi izenguruka amazi binyuze mu miyoboro n'imiyoboro iri muri moteri. Iyo amazi atembera muri moteri ishyushye, atwara ubushyuhe agakonjesha moteri. Iyo amazi amaze kunyura muri moteri, ajyanwa mu cyuma gihindura ubushyuhe (cyangwa radiateri), aho ubushyuhe buva muri ayo mazi bujya mu kirere. Gukonjesha umwuka Imodoka zimwe na zimwe zo hambere zakoreshaga ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha umwuka, ariko imodoka zigezweho ntizikoresha ubu buryo. Aho kuzenguruka amazi binyuze muri moteri, ubu buryo bwo gukonjesha bukoresha impapuro za aluminiyumu zifatanye n'ubuso bwa silindiri za moteri kugira ngo zikonjeshe. Amafeni akomeye ahuha umwuka mu mpapuro za aluminiyumu, agashyira ubushyuhe mu mwuka urimo ubusa, bigatuma moteri ikonjesha. Kubera ko imodoka nyinshi zikoresha gukonjesha amazi, imodoka zikora imiyoboro y'amazi zifite imiyoboro myinshi mu cyuma cyazo gikonjesha.
Nyuma yuko pompe imaze kugeza amazi kuri moteri, amazi atangira gutembera mu miyoboro ya moteri ikikije silinda. Amazi asubira kuri thermostat anyuze mu mutwe wa silinda ya moteri, aho asohoka muri moteri. Iyo thermostat izimye, amazi azasubira kuri pompe anyuze mu miyoboro ikikije thermostat. Iyo thermostat ifunguye, amazi azatangira gutembera muri radiator hanyuma asubire muri pompe.
Sisitemu yo gushyushya ifite kandi uruziga rwihariye. Uruziga rutangirira mu mutwe wa silindiri hanyuma rugatanga amazi binyuze mu gishyushya mbere yo gusubira kuri pompe. Ku modoka zifite amashanyarazi yikora, ubusanzwe hariho inzira itandukanye yo gukonjesha amavuta ya transmission yubatswe muri radiator. Amavuta ya transmission anyuzwa na transmission binyuze mu yindi mashini ihindura ubushyuhe iri muri radiator. Amazi ashobora gukora mu bushyuhe bwinshi kuva kuri dogere selisiyusi munsi ya zeru kugeza hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 38.
Kubwibyo, amazi yose akoreshwa mu gukonjesha moteri agomba kuba afite ubukonje buke cyane, ubukonje bwinshi cyane, kandi akabasha kwinjiza ubushyuhe bwinshi. Amazi ni kimwe mu bintu bifasha cyane mu gukurura ubushyuhe, ariko ubukonje bw'amazi ni bwinshi cyane ku buryo budashobora kugera ku bipimo bya moteri z'imodoka. Amazi imodoka nyinshi zikoresha ni uruvange rw'amazi na ethylene glycol (c2h6o2), izwi kandi nka coolant. Iyo wongeyeho ethylene glycol mu mazi, ubukonje bushobora kwiyongera cyane kandi ubukonje bukagabanuka.
Igihe cyose moteri ikora, pompe izenguruka amazi. Kimwe na pompe zikoresha centrifugal zikoreshwa mu modoka, iyo pompe izunguruka, ipompa amazi hanze ikoresheje imbaraga za centrifugal kandi ihora ikayashyira hagati. Aho pompe yinjira haba hafi y'aho hagati kugira ngo amazi agaruka avuye kuri radiator abashe gukorana n'ibyuma bya pompe. Ibikoresho bya pompe bitwara amazi hanze ya pompe, aho yinjira muri moteri. Amazi ava kuri pompe atangira gutembera mu gice cy'imashini no mu mutwe, hanyuma akagera muri radiator, hanyuma akagaruka kuri pompe. Igice cy'imashini gifite imiyoboro myinshi ikozwe mu gusuka cyangwa gukora imashini kugira ngo byorohereze amazi gutembera.
Iyo amazi ari muri iyi miyoboro atemba neza, amazi gusa ahuye n'umuyoboro ni yo azakonjeshwa akonjeshwa ako kanya. Ubushyuhe bwimurirwa mu mazi atemba binyuze mu muyoboro bugana ku muyoboro buterwa n'itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'umuyoboro n'amazi akora ku muyoboro. Kubwibyo, niba amazi ahuye n'umuyoboro akonjeshwa vuba, ubushyuhe bwimurirwa buzaba buto cyane. Amazi yose ari mu muyoboro ashobora gukoreshwa neza binyuze mu guteza urujya n'uruza mu muyoboro, kuvanga amazi yose, no kugumana amazi ahuye n'umuyoboro ku bushyuhe bwinshi kugira ngo yinjire ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Igikoresho gikonjesha gitanga ingufu gisa cyane n'icyuma gikonjesha kiri muri radiator, uretse ko amavuta adahinduranya ubushyuhe n'umwuka, ahubwo ahinduranya n'icyuma kirwanya gukonjesha kiri muri radiator. Igikoresho gikingira igifubiko gikingira igifubiko gishobora kongera ubushyuhe bwa antifreeze ho 25°C.
Akamaro k'ingenzi k'ikinyabutabire ni ugushyushya moteri vuba no kugumana ubushyuhe buhamye. Ibi bigerwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhindura ingano y'amazi anyura muri radiator. Mu bushyuhe buke, aho radiator isohoka hazaba hafunze burundu, bivuze ko antikonjeze yose izanyura muri moteri. Iyo ubushyuhe bwa antikonjeze bumaze kuzamuka bukagera kuri 82-91 C, thermoste izacanwa, ibyo bikazatuma amazi atemba muri radiator. Iyo ubushyuhe bwa antikonjeze bugeze kuri 93-103 C, icyuma gipima ubushyuhe kizahora gifunguye.
Umufana ukonjesha usa na thermostat, bityo ugomba guhindurwa kugira ngo moteri igume ku bushyuhe budahinduka. Imodoka zikoresha amapine y'imbere zifite abafana bakoresha amashanyarazi kuko moteri ikunze gushyirwa mu buryo butambitse, bivuze ko umusaruro wa moteri werekeza ku ruhande rw'imodoka.
Umufana ashobora guhindurwa hakoreshejwe thermostat cyangwa mudasobwa ya moteri. Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse hejuru y’aho bugenewe, aba bafana bazacana. Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse munsi y’agaciro kagenwe, aba bafana bazazimya. Umufana ushyushya Imodoka zikoresha amapine y’inyuma zifite moteri zigenda ziguruka akenshi ziba zifite abafana bashyushya bakoreshwa na moteri. Aba bafana bafite udukingirizo twa thermostat. Umufana uba hagati mu mufana, ukikijwe n’umwuka uva kuri radiator. Uyu mufana ushyushye rimwe na rimwe usa n’umuhuza ushyushya w’imodoka ifite amapine yose. Iyo imodoka ishyushye cyane, fungura amadirishya yose hanyuma ukoreshe icyuma gishyushya iyo umufana arimo gukora ku muvuduko wose. Ibi biterwa nuko sisitemu yo gushyushya ari sisitemu ya kabiri yo gukonjesha, ishobora kugaragaza imiterere ya sisitemu nyamukuru yo gukonjesha ku modoka.
Sisitemu yo gushyushya. Imiringoti yo gushyushya iri ku ibaraza ry'imodoka mu by'ukuri ni radiateri nto. Umushyushya wohereza umwuka urimo ubusa unyuze mu miringoti yo gushyushya no mu cyumba cy'abagenzi mu modoka. Imiringoti yo gushyushya isa na radiateri nto. Imiringoti yo gushyushya ikuramo anti-konjeshene y'ubushyuhe iva mu mutwe wa silindiri hanyuma ikayisubiza mu ipompo kugira ngo icyuma gishyushya gikore iyo thermostat ifunguye cyangwa izimye.
