Akayunguruzo k'umwuka mu modoka ni iki?
Akayunguruzo k'umwuka ni ubwoko bwa kayunguruzo, kazwi kandi nka karito ka kayunguruzo k'umwuka, isukura umwuka, nibindi. Kakoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuyungurura umwuka mu binyabiziga by'ubuhanga, mu modoka, mu binyabiziga by'ubuhinzi, muri laboratwari, mu byumba byo gukoreramo byanduye, no mu byumba bitandukanye byo gukoreramo neza.
Mu gihe moteri ikora, umwuka mwinshi urakururwa. Iyo umwuka udafunguye, ivumbi riri mu kirere rishyirwa muri silinda, byihutisha kwangirika kwa piston na silinda. Uduce duto twinjira hagati ya piston na silinda bizatera ikibazo gikomeye cya "gukurura silinda", cyane cyane ahantu humutse kandi h'umucanga. Akayunguruzo k'umwuka gashyirwa imbere ya kabureta cyangwa umuyoboro w'amazi kandi kagakora kuyungurura ivumbi n'umucanga mu kirere, kagatuma umwuka uhagije kandi usukuye winjizwa muri silinda.
Akayunguruzo k'umwuka k'imodoka ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'uburyo bwo kwinjiza umwuka, gashinzwe kuyungurura imyanda mu mwuka winjira muri moteri. Ikosa risanzwe ririmo kuziba, kwangirika, no kwinjiza ubushuhe. Izi kosa zishobora kugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere ya moteri kandi zishobora gutera uburiganya ku makosa.
Ubwoko bw'amakosa asanzwe ya filters z'umwuka n'ingaruka zawo ni ubu bukurikira: Gufunga ni cyo kibazo gikunze kugaragara cyane. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, umukungugu n'uduce duto birundanya, byongera ubushobozi bwo kwinjira no gutuma umwuka udashobora kwinjira muri moteri, bityo bigatuma ingufu zigabanuka, umuvuduko ugabanuka, lisansi ikoreshwa cyane (bishobora kwiyongeraho 5% - 15%), kandi umuriro utarashya neza bigatera ubwinshi bwa karuboni cyangwa umwotsi w'umukara. Kwangirika akenshi bibaho bitewe n'imbaraga zo hanze cyangwa gusaza, bigatuma umwuka udafite akayunguruzo winjira muri moteri, byihutisha kwangirika kw'ibice by'imbere kandi bishobora gutera ingese. Gufata ubushuhe akenshi bibaho ahantu hatose cyangwa nyuma yo kwinjizwa mu mazi, bigagabanya ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura, bigatera gukura kw'ibihumyo, kandi bikagira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'umwuka uri mu modoka. Aya makosa ashobora kandi gutera urumuri rw'ikosa rya moteri, bitewe n'ibintu nka filters zanduye, gushyiraho nabi, cyangwa sensors zidasanzwe (nk'icyuma gipima ubuziranenge bw'umwuka).
Kugira ngo hirindwe amakosa, ingamba zikurikira zirasabwa: Gusuzuma buri gihe no gusimbuza ibyuma biyungurura umwuka. Ku binyabiziga bitwara imizigo mu mujyi, bigomba gusimburwa buri kilometero 1-20.000. Mu bidukikije birimo ivumbi ryinshi, igihe cyo gusimbuza kigomba kugabanuka. Nanone, menya neza ko icyuma gifunze neza kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu by'amahanga cyangwa ubushuhe byinjira.
Kudasimbuza akayunguruzo k'umwuka k'imodoka bizatuma moteri irushaho kwangirika, ikoreshwa ry'ibikomoka kuri lisansi ryiyongera, ingufu zigabanuka, ndetse n'umwuka mubi imbere mu modoka. Mu bihe bikomeye, bishobora gutera impanuka za moteri.
Kwangirika kwa moteri mu buryo butaziguye
Gushira vuba kw'ibice by'ingenzi: Ivumbi n'imyanda byinjira muri moteri bikora nk'"umusenda", bigatera piston, urukuta rwa silinda, na valve, bigatera gushwanyagurika no kugabanuka k'imikorere yo kuziba. Kudasimbuza akayunguruzo igihe kirekire bishobora kongera kwangirika kwa silinda inshuro 8 n'impeta ya piston inshuro 9. Gushiramo karuboni n'ingaruka z'ikosa: Imyanda ivanze n'amavuta ya moteri igabanya ubushobozi bwo gusiga amavuta, bigatera gutwika karuboni. Mu bihe bikomeye, bishobora gutuma silinda ikururwa cyangwa igafungwa, bigatera urumuri rw'ikosa, ikiguzi cyo gusana kigera kuri bitanu.
Ibibazo by'imikorere y'imodoka n'ikiguzi cyo kuyikoresha
Igabanuka rikomeye ry'ingufu: Kuziba kw'imashini ziyungurura bigabanya ingano y'imodoka zinjiramo ku kigero kirenga 30%, bigatuma umuriro udakwirakwira neza. Ibi bigaragazwa no kwihuta buhoro, imbaraga zidahagije zo kuzamuka, no kugorwa no kunyura hejuru y'imodoka. Ikoreshwa rya lisansi ryiyongeraho 10% - 15%: Moteri yishyura ibura ry'ingufu ikoresha lisansi nyinshi. Ibipimo nyabyo bigaragaza ko nyuma yo gusimbuza icyuma gishya, ikoreshwa rya lisansi kuri kilometero 100 rishobora kugabanukaho litiro 0.8.
Ubwiyongere bw'imyuka ihumanya: Ibikomoka kuri peteroli bidatwitswe bitanga imyuka mibi cyane, nka monoxide ya karubone na hydrocarbon.
Ingaruka ku buzima no kumererwa neza
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
