Amatara y'inyuma y'imodoka: Sisitemu y'ingenzi y'ibimenyetso by'umutekano w'imodoka
Amatara y'inyuma y'imodoka ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'urumuri rw'imodoka n'ibimenyetso, ashinzwe imirimo myinshi y'umutekano mu gihe cyo kuruhuka nijoro cyangwa mu gihe cyo kutabona neza, akaba "umurinzi w'inyuma" w'imodoka. Imirimo yayo y'ingenzi ishobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu: Icya mbere, itanga icyizere cy'ibanze cyo kubona neza. Mu bihe bikomeye nk'umwijima, imvura nyinshi, cyangwa igihu kinini, amatara y'inyuma atukura atuma imodoka inyuma zishobora kumenya aho imodoka ibanziriza aho iri ku ntera ya metero amagana, zigakomeza intera itekanye kandi zigabanye cyane ibyago byo kugongana inyuma. Dufashe urugero rwa NISSAN QX50 yo mu 2020, ikoresha ibikoresho bya mudasobwa bibonerana cyane n'igipfundikizo cya aluminiyumu, urumuri ruhuye n'amahame mpuzamahanga ya ECE R6, bigatuma ikimenyetso cyoherezwa neza. Icya kabiri, itanga ibimenyetso byerekana aho imodoka ihagaze. Ubwoko butandukanye bw'amatara y'inyuma bugaragaza neza icyo imodoka ishaka binyuze mu guhindura urumuri: itara rya feri riraka mu masegonda 0.1 nyuma yo gukanda pedali, ikaburira imodoka ikurikira kugabanya umuvuduko; Ikimenyetso cyo guhindukira kiraba inshuro 90 ± 30 ku munota, bigaragaza ko inzira ihinduka; urumuri rwo gusubira inyuma rumurikira inyuma urumuri rwera kandi rukaburira abantu kwirinda. Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwo hejuru bufite amatara yo kuzenguruka inyuma ahindagurika, yohereza ubwinshi bw'amatara binyuze mu buryo bwihariye bwo guhindukira, bikongera uburyo bwo guhuza imodoka. Amaherezo, byongera ubushobozi bwo kumenya no kwegeranya ubwiza bw'imodoka. Imiterere y'amatara yo kumanuka agezweho ntabwo ikurikirana gusa imikorere y'umutekano ahubwo inaba ingenzi mu miterere y'imodoka. Imiterere nk'amatara yo kumanuka ahoraho n'amatara ya LED yongera ubushobozi bwo kumenya nijoro mu gihe ihura n'ibyo abaguzi basaba kugira ngo babone uko bagaragara.
Amakosa asanzwe n'impamvu zitera amatara y'inyuma yo hanze
Nubwo imiterere y'amatara y'inyuma yo hanze yoroshye, ahura n'ibintu kandi akoreshwa kenshi, bigatuma ashobora kugira amakosa atandukanye. Ashobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bitatu:
Kubura k'urumuri kudasanzwe
Ubu ni bwo bwoko bw'ikosa bukunze kugaragara cyane, impamvu nyamukuru zirimo:
Kwangirika kw'amatara: Amatara ya halogen ahura n'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'amazi igihe kirekire, kandi agahu gashobora gushonga; amatara ya LED ashobora gusaza imburagihe bitewe n'ubushyuhe budashira neza, bikagaragara nk'aho azima cyangwa agashira burundu. Amatara y'inyuma ya BMW n'andi matara akunze kunanirwa gucana ku ruhande rumwe bitewe n'amatara yazimye, bigasaba gusenya igipfundikizo cy'amatara kugira ngo agenzurwe kandi asimburwe.
Ikosa ryo mu miyoboro: Gufungura no gufunga kenshi kw'inyuma bishobora gutuma umugozi w'urumuri rw'inyuma urekura cyangwa ugakora ogisijeni, bigatera gukora nabi; urwego rwo gukingira rwangiritse rushobora gutuma imiyoboro migufi cyangwa igacika, kandi ibidukikije bitose bishobora kwihutisha gusaza kw'insinga. Imodoka ya kera ya Mercedes W204 yakunze kugira ibibazo byo kurabagirana cyangwa kudakora neza bitewe no gusaza kw'imiyoboro y'urumuri rw'inyuma.
Gushonga kwa fuse: Iyo habayeho umurambararo muto cyangwa imbaraga z'igitereko zirenze urugero, fuse y'urumuri rw'inyuma irakora kugira ngo ishonge neza, bigasaba gusimbuzwa fuse ifite imiterere imwe n'iy'imodoka ya mbere; iyo ishongeye kenshi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma insinga.
Kunanirwa kwa module yo kugenzura: Sisitemu yo kumurika ya zimwe muri moderi icungwa na module yo kugenzura y'ikoranabuhanga, kandi kunanirwa kwa module bizatuma urumuri rw'inyuma rudakora neza, bigasaba ibikoresho by'inzobere mu gusuzuma ikibazo kugira ngo bisome kode z'amakosa kugira ngo bikemurwe ibibazo.
Amatara yaka buri gihe adashira
Kumurika buri gihe kw'itara ry'inyuma rya feri ntibyihutisha gusa gusaza kw'itara no kugabanya imbaraga za bateri, ahubwo binayobya imodoka zikurikira, byongera ibyago byo kugira impanuka. Impamvu nyamukuru zirimo:
Amazi ya feri adahagije: Iyo urwego rw'amazi ya feri ruri hasi cyane, sensor y'urwego izatera urumuri rwa feri gucana kugira ngo imenyeshe umushoferi, yongere kuzuza amazi ya feri akwiye kugira ngo yongere gukora neza.
Buji ya feri yangiritse: Buji ya feri iri hejuru y'inyuma; niba impera yo gusubiramo inaniwe, bizatuma buji ya feri inanirwa gusubira inyuma, bigatuma itara rya feri risigara rimuritse.
Kunanirwa kwa circuit short circuit cyangwa module: Kunanirwa kwa circuit short circuit mu nsinga bituma amatara y'imodoka adakora neza nta genzura, bigaherekezwa n'umwotsi n'impumuro nziza; Kunanirwa kwa modyuli bisaba ibikoresho by'inzobere mu kubitahura no kubisana.
Itara ryo ku ruhande rumwe rinanirwa
Kunanirwa kw'itara ry'inyuma ry'uruhande rumwe cyangwa urumuri rudasanzwe akenshi biterwa n'ibyangiritse by'itara, kwangirika kw'imigozi, cyangwa se insinga zidakora neza. Porsche Cayenne yigeze kugira aho amazi yinjira mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo imbere bitewe n'umuyoboro w'amazi y'imvura wafunze, bigatera ingese hanyuma itara ry'inyuma ry'uruhande rumwe rikananirwa.
Inama ku bijyanye no gukemura ibibazo byihutirwa no kubikumira
Iyo hagaragaye ikibazo cy'urumuri rw'inyuma, intambwe zikurikira zishobora gufatwa: Ubwa mbere, reba niba itara ryangiritse; niba umugozi waracitse, shyiramo itara rifite imiterere imwe; Hanyuma, reba ibyuma. Hitamo ubyisimbuze ako kanya niba byaturikanye. Niba amatara adakora, reba niba insinga zifunguye cyangwa zarafunguye. Niba bibaye ngombwa, sukura cyangwa usimbuze soketi. Ku bibazo bigoye nko kugabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi cyangwa kunanirwa kwa module yo kugenzura, ni byiza kuvugana n'abakozi b'inzobere mu gusana kugira ngo bagufashe.
Mu gihe cyo gukoresha imodoka buri munsi, ba nyir'imodoka bagomba gusukura buri gihe itara ry'inyuma kugira ngo hirindwe ivumbi cyangwa ibizinga by'amazi bibuza urumuri. Irinde guhindura amatara cyangwa insinga zitujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi ruremereye. Nyuma y'ikirere kibi, reba niba amatara y'inyuma yashyizwemo amazi ku gihe kugira ngo urebe ko akora neza. Binyuze mu kubungabunga neza, igihe cy'akazi k'amatara y'inyuma gishobora kongerwa neza, bigatuma umutekano w'imodoka ukomeza kwiyongera.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
