Imikorere myinshi y'Umugozi w'Itanki ya lisansi y'Imodoka
Umugozi w'ikigega cya lisansi cy'imodoka urenze kure "inzira y'agateganyo" yo kongeramo lisansi. Ukora imirimo myinshi kugira ngo urebe neza umutekano w'ikinyabiziga no kunoza imikorere myiza yo gutwara. Ubwa mbere, ufite inshingano z'ibanze zo kurinda no kugenzura umuvuduko. Inshingano y'ingenzi y'umugozi w'ikigega cya lisansi ni ukurinda uburyo bwo gufungura lisansi mu kigega, bikabuza ibintu by'amahanga kwinjira no kwanduza lisansi. Muri icyo gihe, binyuze muri valve y'umwuka wo imbere na valve y'umwuka, ikomeza kuringaniza umuvuduko w'ikigega cya lisansi. Valve y'umwuka ishobora kwinjira mu mwuka iyo ingano ya lisansi igabanutse kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho umwuka mu kigega, bishobora gutuma habaho guhagarika gutanga lisansi; valve y'umwuka ishobora kurekura umwuka w'amavuta kugira ngo hirindwe umuvuduko ukabije mu kigega. Muri iki gihe, moderi nyinshi zikoresha sisitemu ya karuboni, kandi nubwo umugozi w'ikigega cya lisansi ugumana valve y'umwuka gusa, imikorere y'ingenzi yo kugenzura umuvuduko ntihinduka. Icya kabiri, ifite imikorere ifatika yo kugaragaza amakuru. Uruhande rw'imbere rw'umugozi w'ikigega cya lisansi akenshi rugaragaza ingano y'amavuta y'ikinyabiziga, nka 92 cyangwa 95, ari byo bipimo byiza bya lisansi bigenwa n'uruganda rw'imodoka hashingiwe ku gipimo cyo gukanda moteri n'ibindi bipimo. Gukurikiza neza aya mahame bishobora kwirinda ubwinshi bw'ibinyabiziga bya karuboni n'ibura ry'amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, amwe mu mamodeli azagaragaza amahame y'umuvuduko w'amapine ku mupfundikizo w'ikigega cya lisansi, akubiyemo imiterere itandukanye y'akazi nko gukora ibintu birimo ubusa n'ibyuzuye, bigaha ba nyir'imodoka ishingiro ryo guhindura neza umuvuduko w'amapine no kugabanya neza ibyago byo gucika kw'amapine. Amaherezo, afite imirimo y'inyongera irambuye. Umupfundikizo w'ikigega cya lisansi ufite imyobo y'amazi, ishobora gusohora amazi y'imvura cyangwa amazi yoza imodoka azenguruka ikigega. Iyo imyobo y'amazi yafunzwe, ishobora gutuma amazi yinjira mu kigega bigatuma moteri inanirwa, kandi hakenewe gusukurwa buri gihe. Iyo umupfundikizo w'ikigega cya lisansi ufunguwe kugira ngo wongere lisansi, hari uburyo bwihariye bwo kuyifunga kugira ngo idashyirwa mu buryo butunguranye no gushwanyaguza irangi ry'imodoka cyangwa kwangiza ubuso bw'irangi. Amwe mu mamodeli afite impeta yo gukurura yihutirwa ku mupfundikizo w'ikigega cya lisansi mu gice cy'imbere cy'imodoka, ishobora gukoreshwa mu gufungura umupfundikizo w'ikigega cya lisansi binyuze mu buryo bwa mekanike mu gihe cyo gufungura kw'ikoranabuhanga, gutanga uburinzi bwihutirwa.
Amakosa n'ibisubizo bisanzwe
Umugozi w'ikigega cya lisansi ntushobora gufungurwa
Iki ni ikibazo ba nyir'imodoka bakunze guhura nacyo. Impamvu zishobora kuba zirimo ibintu bya tekiniki, ikoranabuhanga, n'ibidukikije. Ikosa rya tekiniki rikunze kugaragara, nko kuba umupfundikizo w'ikigega cya lisansi ufata cyangwa ukagwa ingese, akenshi bitewe no kutagira isuku, bigatuma umurongo uhagarara. Ushobora kugerageza gusaba ubufasha abakozi ba sitasiyo ya lisansi, ukoresheje uburyo bwo gukata buhoro, gukanda, no gukanda umupfundikizo w'ikigega cya lisansi kugira ngo ukingure; niba isoko itakaje uburibwe, ushobora kongeramo isoko nto ku gice cy'inyuma cy'ikigega cya lisansi kugira ngo wongere uburibwe. Ikosa rya tekiniki rishobora guterwa no kwangirika kwa moteri cyangwa ibibazo bya central control circuit. Muri iki gihe, ushobora kuyifungura ukoresheje impeta yihutirwa mu gice cy'inyuma cy'imodoka. Nyuma y'ibyo, ugomba gusuzuma vuba no gusimbuza ibice bifite ikibazo aho usana. Mu gihe cy'ubukonje, umupfundikizo w'ikigega cya lisansi ushobora gukonja bitewe n'amazi yirundanyije mu miyoboro y'amazi ifunga kandi ishonga, ishobora gushonga usuka amazi ashyushye. Witondere gusukura imiyoboro y'amazi buri munsi kugira ngo wirinde ibyo bibazo.
Ipfundo ry'ikigega cya lisansi ryangiritse
Gufunga byangiritse bizatuma umwuka uva mu gikoresho cya lisansi ugabanuka, bitangiza lisansi gusa ahubwo binateza ibibazo by’umutekano. Mu Gushyingo 2025, Geely Automobile yasubije imodoka 46.000 bitewe n’imiterere y’impeta y’impeta y’ipaki ya lisansi y’imodoka zimwe na zimwe, ishobora gusaza ikameneka, bigatuma umwuka uva mu gikoresho cya lisansi ugabanuka. Gutunganya buri munsi bigomba kwitabwaho ku ngingo zikurikira. Ubwa mbere, sukura ubuso bw’ipaki ya lisansi buri gihe kugira ngo wirinde gukoresha imashini zisukura, kugira ngo wirinde ko ibice byayo byangirika cyangwa ngo byangirike [19-20]. Icya kabiri, nyuma yo kongeramo lisansi, menya neza ko ukomeje gufunga ipaki ya lisansi. Ni byiza kumva urusaku rw’ikanda. Ibi ni ukugira ngo wirinde ko urumuri rw’ibimenyetso by’imikorere mibi rutera ubwoba cyangwa ngo ruveho bitewe no kudafunga neza. Icya gatatu, menya neza uko ipaki ya lisansi ifunguka n’uko ifunga. Niba hari ibintu byafashe cyangwa bitameze neza, bikore vuba kugira ngo wirinde ko hari ibibazo bito bikura bigahinduka amakosa akomeye.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
