Sensor ya crankshaft y'imodoka ni iki?
Sensoreri ya crankshaft (izwi kandi nka sensor y’aho crankshaft iherereye) ni igice cy’ingenzi muri sisitemu yo kugenzura moteri. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kumenya aho crankshaft ihagaze (inguni) n’umuvuduko wa moteri, hanyuma igatanga aya makuru mu gihe nyacyo ku gice gigenzura moteri (ECU) kugira ngo igenzure neza igihe cyo gutwika, igihe cyo gutera lisansi, n’urukurikirane rw’ingufu.
Imirimo y'ingenzi
Kumenya inguni ya crankshaft: Kumenya aho piston iri muri silinda (nk'aho hejuru hapfuye hagati).
Kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri: Kubara RPM (impinduka ku munota) ukurikije inshuro zo kuzenguruka kwa crankshaft.
Fatanya na sensor y'aho camshaft iherereye: Hamwe, menya imikorere ya buri silindiri (nk'uburyo bwo gukanda), kandi ugere ku gutera lisansi no kuyitwika mu buryo bukurikiranye.
Ubwoko busanzwe n'amahame ngenderwaho y'imikorere
Ubwoko bw'ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi ya magnetiki (ubwoko bw'ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi ya magnetic)
Igizwe na rukuruzi ihoraho, induction coil, na disiki y'ikimenyetso ifite amenyo/uruti rw'umurambararo.
Iyo crankshaft izunguruka, disiki y'ikimenyetso ihindura imbaraga za rukuruzi, igatanga ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi asimburana muri koyili.
Imiterere yayo ni yoroshye kandi yizewe, ikoreshwa cyane mu modoka za kera ndetse no mu zindi modoka zigezweho.
Ubwoko bw'ingaruka za Hall
Ikoresha ikintu cya Hall kugira ngo imenye impinduka mu ngufu za rukuruzi kandi igatanga ikimenyetso cy'ingufu z'umuraba wa kare.
Ikenera amashanyarazi ya 5V yo hanze kandi ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya ikibazo ndetse n'ubuhanga bwo hejuru.
Ikunze kuboneka mu bigo nka General Motors (GM), Chrysler, nibindi.
Ubwoko bw'amashanyarazi
Igizwe na LED, photodiode, na disiki y'ikimenyetso ifite utwenge tw'urumuri.
Guhinduranya urumuri/igicucu bitanga ibimenyetso by'ingufu, byakoreshejwe muri Nissan no mu zindi modeli.
Bitewe nuko ishobora kwangirika n'amavuta n'umukungugu, ahanini byagabanutse.
Aho byashyizwe
Imbere y'icyuma gikurura imigozi (hafi y'umukandara w'umukandara)
Igice cy'inyuma cy'icyuma gikurura imirasire (hafi y'urukiramende cyangwa aho gipakira imirasire)
Hagati muri crankshaft
Mu isosiyete ikwirakwiza ibicuruzwa (mu bikoresho bya kera)
Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'uko umuntu yananiwe
Moteri ntishobora gutangira
Kudahagarara neza, kwihuta guke
Itara rya moteri ricanye
Kode z'amakosa zabitswe (nka P0335, P0336, n'izindi)
Uburyo bwo gupima (urugero: ubwoko bwa magnetic-electric)
Igenzura ry'ubudahangarwa: Ubudahangarwa bwa coil ubusanzwe ni 125–250Ω (biterwa n'icyitegererezo).
Kugenzura ingufu z'amashanyarazi: Mu gihe utangiye moteri, koresha multimeter kugira ngo upime terminal y'amashanyarazi, igomba kugira voltage ya AC pulse ya 0.2–2V.
Kugenzura Icyuho: Icyuho kiri hagati ya disiki y'ikimenyetso n'umutwe wa rukuruzi wa sensor muri rusange ni 0.2–0.4mm.
Iyo sensor yangiritse, ECU ntizabasha kubona amakuru y'ingenzi ku gihe, bigatuma sisitemu yo gutera lisansi n'iyatsa ihagarara, kandi imodoka ntizashobora gukora.
Sensoreri ya crankshaft (izwi kandi nka sensor y’aho crankshaft iherereye) ni igice cy’ingenzi muri sisitemu yo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga ya moteri. Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ukumenya inguni ya crankshaft, umuvuduko wa moteri, n’aho pisitoni iri hagati, hanyuma ikageza aya makuru mu buryo bw’ikimenyetso cy’amashanyarazi ku gice kigenzura moteri (ECU) kugira ngo igenzure neza igihe cyo gutwika no gukoresha lisansi.
Imikorere y'ibanze
Menya aho crankshaft iherereye: Menya inguni y'ubushyuhe bw'crankshaft.
Pima umuvuduko wa moteri: Gerageza kubara umuvuduko (RPM) ukurikije umubare w'imivuduko kuri buri gice cy'igihe.
Garagaza hagati ya piston hejuru y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi: Tanga icyitegererezo cy'aho umuriro ucana n'aho lisansi ishyirwa muri buri cylinder.
Fatanya na sensor y'aho camshaft iherereye: Hamwe, mumenye silindiri iri ku mpera y'aho gukanda, hanyuma mugere ku gucana no gutera lisansi mu buryo bukurikiranye.
Ihame ry'imikorere (ukurikije ubwoko bw'ibyiciro)
Sensoreri ya crankshaft ifite ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi, kandi amahame y'imikorere yayo ni aya akurikira:
Ubwoko bw'ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi ya magnetiki (ubwoko bw'ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi ya magnetic)
Igizwe na rukuruzi ihoraho, induction coil, na disiki y'ikimenyetso ifite amenyo/uruti rw'umurambararo.
Uko crankshaft izenguruka, disiki y'ikimenyetso ihindura imbaraga za rukuruzi, bigatera impinduka mu mbaraga za rukuruzi, kandi bigatanga imbaraga za electromotive zihindagurika (signal sine wave) muri coil.
ECU ihindura iki kimenyetso mo imivuduko ikanabara umuvuduko n'aho giherereye.
Urugero: Ubwoko bwa mbere bwa Nissan na Toyota bwakoreshaga ubu buryo, kandi disiki y'amajwi yakunze kubura amenyo yo guhuza.
Ubwoko bw'ingaruka za Hall Ikintu cya Hall gikoreshwa mu kumva impinduka mu ngufu za rukuruzi.
Impeller (ifite ibyuma n'udukingirizo) irakoreshwa kugira ngo izenguruke hamwe na crankshaft. Iyo agakingirizo gahuye n'igice cya Hall, imbaraga za rukuruzi zinyuramo zigasohora umuvuduko wo ku rwego rwo hejuru; iyo icyuma kiyihagaritse, imbaraga za rukuruzi zinyuramo zigasohora urwego rwo hasi.
Umusaruro ni ikimenyetso cy'umuraba kare, gisaba umuriro wo hanze wa 5V kandi gifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya ingaruka mbi.
Ikoranabuhanga
Igizwe n'urumuri rwa LED, photodiode, na disiki y'ikimenyetso ifite umwobo w'urumuri.
Iyo disiki y'ikimenyetso izunguruka, umwobo w'urumuri uhinduranya utuma urumuri runyuramo kandi rukawufunga, bigatuma photodiode ikora voltage y'ingufu.
Ishobora gutanga ikimenyetso cy’inguni ya crankshaft ifite ubuziranenge bwa 1°, ariko ishobora kwanduzwa n’amavuta n’umukungugu, kandi ikunze kugaragara mu nyubako za kera zikwirakwiza ibicuruzwa.
Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'amakosa
Moteri ntishobora gutangira cyangwa gutangira bigoranye
Ingufu zidahagije, gutigita, guhagarara
Itara ry'ikosa riracana (nk'urugero P0335, P0336, n'ibindi, hamwe n'amakode y'ikosa ajyanye n'ibikoresho byo kugenzura aho crankshaft iherereye)
Impamvu zikunze kugaragara: insinga zishaje, sensors zanduye, aho zijya hadakwiye (nk'aho aho zijya hagomba kuba hagati ya mm 0.2–0.4)
Aho byashyizwe
Imbere y'icyuma gikurura crankshaft (hafi y'aho icyuma gikurura crankshaft giherereye)
Ikigega cy'imodoka gikururuka cyangwa icy'imodoka ikora ku gikapu
Igice cy'imbere cya camshaft
Imbere mu gikoresho gikwirakwiza ibicuruzwa (mu buryo bwa kera)
Ubwoko bwinshi bugezweho bukoresha sensor zikoresha amashanyarazi ya rukuruzi cyangwa Hall, kuko imiterere yazo ari nziza kandi ihindagurika. Ubwoko bw'imashini zikoresha urumuri ntibukunze gukoreshwa muri moteri zigezweho bitewe n'uko zikoresha ibidukikije.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
