Igipande cyo ku ruhande cya Kondensateri-L/R
Kondenseri (Kondenseri), igice cy’uburyo bwo gukonjesha, ni ubwoko bw’ubushyuhe bushobora guhindura gaze cyangwa umwuka mubi mo amazi, no kohereza ubushyuhe mu muyoboro mu kirere hafi y’umuyoboro mu buryo bwihuse cyane. Imikorere ya kondenseri ni inzira inyura mu kirere, bityo ubushyuhe bwa kondenseri buba buri hejuru cyane.
Inganda zikoresha ibyuma bikonjesha byinshi kugira ngo bivange umwuka uva muri turbine. Ibikoresho bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zikonjesha kugira ngo bivange umwuka uva muri firigo nka ammonia na freon. Ibikoresho bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora peteroli kugira ngo bivange umwuka wa hydrocarboni n'indi myuka iva muri shimi. Mu gikorwa cyo gusya, igikoresho gihindura umwuka mu buryo bw'amazi cyitwa kandi condenser. Ibikoresho byose bikonjesha bikora bikuraho ubushyuhe kuri gaze cyangwa umwuka.
Ibice bya sisitemu yo gukonjesha ni ubwoko bw'icyuma gihindura ubushyuhe, gishobora guhindura gaze cyangwa umwuka mubi mo amazi, no kohereza ubushyuhe mu muyoboro mu kirere hafi y'umuyoboro mu buryo bwihuse cyane. Imikorere ya condenser ni inzira inyura mu kirere, bityo ubushyuhe bwa condenser buba buri hejuru cyane.
Inganda zikoresha ibyuma bikonjesha byinshi kugira ngo bihuze umwuka uva muri turbine. Ibikoresho bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zikonjesha kugira ngo bihuze umwuka uva muri firigo nka ammonia na freon. Ibikoresho bikonjesha bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora peteroli kugira ngo bihuze hydrocarboni n'indi myuka iva muri shimi. Mu gikorwa cyo gusya, igikoresho gihindura umwuka mu buryo bw'amazi cyitwa kandi condenser. Ibikoresho byose bikonjesha bikora bikuraho ubushyuhe kuri gaze cyangwa umwuka.
Muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha, evaporator, condenser, compressor na throttling valve ni ibice bine by'ingenzi muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha, muri byo evaporator ni ibikoresho bitwara ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha. Refrigerant ifata ubushyuhe bw'ikintu kigomba gukonjeshwa kugira ngo ikoreshwe. Compressor ni umutima, ugira uruhare mu guhumeka, gukanda, no gutwara umwuka wa refrigerant. Condenser ni igikoresho gisohora ubushyuhe, kandi kigatwara ubushyuhe bwinjizwa muri evaporator hamwe n'ubushyuhe buhinduka n'umurimo wa compressor ukajya mu cyuma gikonjesha. Valve ya throttle igira uruhare mu gukanda no kugabanya umuvuduko wa refrigerant, kandi icyarimwe ikagenzura kandi igahindura ingano y'amazi ya refrigerant yinjira muri evaporator, kandi ikagabanya sisitemu mo ibice bibiri: uruhande rufite umuvuduko mwinshi n'uruhande rufite umuvuduko muto. Muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha, uretse ibice bine by'ingenzi byavuzwe haruguru, akenshi hari ibikoresho by'inyongera, nka vali za solenoid, imashini zikwirakwiza, ibyuma byumisha, imashini zikusanya ubushyuhe, imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi, imashini zigenzura umuvuduko n'ibindi bikoresho, bigomba kunoza imikorere. Byagenewe kugabanya ubushyuhe, kwizerwa no kubungabungwa.
Imashini zikonjesha zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bukonjeshwa n'amazi n'ubwoko bukonjeshwa n'umwuka hakurikijwe imiterere y'ingufu, kandi zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: ubwoko bukonjeshwa n'ubwoko bukonjeshwa n'ubushyuhe hakurikijwe icyo zikoreshwa. Uko ubwoko bwose bwaba bukozwe kose, bugizwe n'ibice by'ingenzi bikurikira byakozwe.
Gukenera kondenser bishingiye ku itegeko rya kabiri rya thermodynamics—nk'uko itegeko rya kabiri rya thermodynamics ribivuga, icyerekezo cy’ingufu z’ubushyuhe mu buryo bufunze ni kimwe, ni ukuvuga ko gishobora gutemba gusa kivuye ku bushyuhe bwinshi kijya ku bushyuhe buke, kandi mu isi ya mikorosikopi, uduce duto cyane dutwara ingufu z’ubushyuhe dushobora kuva kuri gahunda kugeza kuri gahunda. Kubwibyo, iyo moteri y’ubushyuhe ifite ingufu zikoreshwa kugira ngo ikore, ingufu nazo zigomba kurekurwa mu mazi, kugira ngo habeho icyuho cy’ingufu z’ubushyuhe hagati y’amazi yo hejuru n’ayo hasi, urujya n’uruza rw’ingufu z’ubushyuhe ruzashoboka, kandi uruhererekane ruzakomeza.
Kubwibyo, niba ushaka ko umutwaro wongera gukora, ugomba kubanza kurekura ingufu z'ubushyuhe zitararekurwa burundu. Muri iki gihe, ugomba gukoresha icyuma gikonjesha. Niba ingufu z'ubushyuhe zikikije ziri hejuru y'ubushyuhe buri muri icyuma gikonjesha, kugira ngo icyuma gikonjesha gikonjeshe, akazi kagomba gukorwa mu buryo bw'ubukorano (ubusanzwe hakoreshejwe icyuma gikonjesha). Amazi akonjesha asubira ku rwego rwo hejuru n'ingufu nke z'ubushyuhe, kandi ashobora kongera gukora.
Guhitamo kondensateri birimo guhitamo imiterere n'icyitegererezo, kandi bigagena uburyo amazi akonje cyangwa umwuka unyura muri kondensateri unyuramo n'uburyo amazi akonjesha anyuramo. Guhitamo ubwoko bwa kondensateri bigomba kuzirikana isoko y'amazi yo mu gace, ubushyuhe bw'amazi, imiterere y'ikirere, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwose bwo gukonjesha bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha n'ibisabwa mu cyumba gikonjesha. Mu rwego rwo kugena ubwoko bwa kondensateri, agace ko kohereza ubushyuhe ka kondensateri kabarwa hakurikijwe uburemere bw'ubushyuhe n'umutwaro w'ubushyuhe kuri buri gice cy'ikondensateri, kugira ngo hatoranywe icyitegererezo cyihariye cya kondensateri.
