Uruganda rugurisha SAIC MAXUS V80 C00014713 Impeta ya piston-92MM

Ibicuruzwa ubumenyi

Impeta ya Piston ni impeta y'icyuma ikoreshwa mu kwinjiza mu gikoni cya piston. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwimpeta ya piston: impeta yo guhunika nimpeta yamavuta. Impeta yo guhunika ikoreshwa mugushiraho imvange yaka mucyumba cyaka; impeta y'amavuta ikoreshwa mugukuraho amavuta arenze kuri silinderi.

Impeta ya piston ni impeta ya elastike ifite ibyuma binini byo kwaguka hanze, ikusanyirizwa mu murima wa buri mwaka uhuye nigice cyambukiranya. Gusubiramo no kuzunguruka impeta ya piston ishingiye ku itandukaniro ryumuvuduko wa gaze cyangwa amazi kugirango ikore kashe hagati yumuzingi winyuma wimpeta na silinderi hamwe nuruhande rumwe rwimpeta na groove.

Impeta ya piston ikoreshwa cyane mumashini atandukanye yingufu, nka moteri ya moteri, moteri ya mazutu, moteri ya lisansi, compressor, imashini ya hydraulic, nibindi, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mumodoka, gariyamoshi, amato, ubwato, nibindi. Mubisanzwe, impeta ya piston ni yashyizwe mumurongo wimpeta ya piston, kandi ikora icyumba gifite piston, lisansi ya silinderi, umutwe wa silinderi nibindi bice byo gukora akazi.

akamaro

Impeta ya piston nigice cyingenzi imbere ya moteri ya lisansi, irangiza gufunga gaze ya lisansi hamwe na silinderi, piston, urukuta rwa silinderi, nibindi. Bitewe nibikorwa bya peteroli bitandukanye, impeta ya piston yakoreshejwe nayo iratandukanye. Impeta za piston zo hambere zakozwe mugukina, ariko hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga, havutse impeta ya piston ikomeye cyane. , hamwe nogukomeza kunoza imikorere ya moteri nibisabwa mubidukikije, uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura hejuru yubutaka, nko gutera amashyuza, amashanyarazi, plaque ya chrome, nitride ya gaze, gushira kumubiri, gutwikira hejuru, fosifike ya zinc-manganese, nibindi, Imikorere ya impeta ya piston iratera imbere cyane.

Imikorere

Imikorere yimpeta ya piston ikubiyemo imirimo ine: gufunga, kugenzura amavuta (kugenzura amavuta), gutwara ubushyuhe (guhererekanya ubushyuhe), no kuyobora (inkunga). Gufunga: bivuga gufunga gaze, kubuza gaze mucyumba cyaka umuriro gutembera mu kabati, kugenzura imyuka ya gaze kugeza byibuze, no kuzamura imikorere yubushyuhe. Umwuka uva mu kirere ntuzagabanya ingufu za moteri gusa, ahubwo uzanangiza amavuta, akaba ariwo murimo nyamukuru w’impeta y’ikirere; Hindura amavuta (kugenzura amavuta): kuramo amavuta arenze urugero kurukuta rwa silinderi, kandi icyarimwe utume urukuta rwa silinderi ruto. Filime yamavuta yoroheje itanga amavuta asanzwe ya silinderi, piston nimpeta, nicyo gikorwa nyamukuru y'impeta y'amavuta. Muri moteri zigezweho zihuta cyane, hitabwa cyane cyane ku ruhare rwa piston yo kugenzura firime yamavuta; gutwara ubushyuhe: ubushyuhe bwa piston bukorerwa kumurongo wa silinderi ukoresheje impeta ya piston, ni ukuvuga gukonja. Dukurikije imibare yizewe, 70-80% yubushyuhe bwakiriwe na piston hejuru muri piston idakonje ikwirakwizwa binyuze mu mpeta ya piston kugeza ku rukuta rwa silinderi, naho 30-40% ya piston ikonje ikoherezwa muri silinderi binyuze kuri Impeta ya piston Inkunga: Impeta ya piston ituma piston iba muri silinderi, ikabuza piston guhura neza nurukuta rwa silinderi, ikemeza neza ko piston igenda neza, igabanya ubukana bwo guterana amagambo, kandi ikabuza piston gukubita silinderi. Mubisanzwe, piston ya moteri ya lisansi ikoresha impeta ebyiri zo mu kirere nimpeta imwe ya peteroli, mugihe moteri ya mazutu isanzwe ikoresha impeta ebyiri zamavuta nimpeta imwe. [2]

biranga

imbaraga

Imbaraga zikora kumpeta ya piston zirimo umuvuduko wa gaze, imbaraga za elastike yimpeta ubwayo, imbaraga zidafite imbaraga zo gusubiranamo kwimpeta, guterana hagati yimpeta na silinderi hamwe na ruhago yimpeta, nibindi nkibisubizo byibi imbaraga, impeta izabyara ingendo shingiro nko kugenda kwa axial, kugenda kwa radiyo, no kuzunguruka. Byongeye kandi, bitewe nimiterere yacyo, hamwe no kugenda bidasanzwe, impeta ya piston byanze bikunze igaragara ihagarikwa no guhindagurika kwa axial, kugenda kwa radiyo idasanzwe no kunyeganyega, kugoreka ibintu, nibindi biterwa no kugenda kwa axial bidasanzwe. Izi ngendo zidasanzwe akenshi zibuza impeta ya piston gukora. Mugushushanya impeta ya piston, birakenewe gutanga umukino wuzuye mugikorwa cyiza no kugenzura uruhande rutameze neza.

ubushyuhe bwumuriro

Ubushyuhe bwinshi buterwa no gutwikwa bwoherezwa ku rukuta rwa silinderi binyuze mu mpeta ya piston, bityo rushobora gukonjesha piston. Ubushyuhe bwakwirakwijwe kurukuta rwa silinderi binyuze mu mpeta ya piston burashobora kugera kuri 30 kugeza 40% yubushyuhe bwakiriwe hejuru ya piston

ubukana bw'ikirere

Igikorwa cya mbere cyimpeta ya piston nugukomeza kashe hagati ya piston nurukuta rwa silinderi no kugenzura imyuka ihumeka kugeza byibuze. Uru ruhare ahanini rufatwa nimpeta ya gaze, ni ukuvuga, mubihe byose bya moteri ikora, imyuka ihumeka ikirere na gaze bigomba kugenzurwa kugeza byibuze kugirango ubushyuhe bukorwe neza; kugirango wirinde kumeneka hagati ya silinderi na piston cyangwa hagati ya silinderi nimpeta. Fata; irinde kunanirwa guterwa no kwangirika kwamavuta yo gusiga, nibindi.

Kugenzura amavuta

Igikorwa cya kabiri cyimpeta ya piston nugukuraho neza amavuta yo kwisiga yometse kurukuta rwa silinderi no gukomeza gukoresha amavuta asanzwe. Iyo amavuta yo kwisiga yatanzwe ari menshi cyane, azanyunywa mucyumba cyaka, bizongera ingufu za lisansi, kandi bizagira ingaruka mbi ku mikorere ya moteri bitewe nububiko bwa karubone butangwa no gutwikwa.

Gushyigikira

Kuberako piston ari ntoya kurenza diameter y'imbere ya silinderi, niba nta mpeta ya piston ihari, piston ntigihinduka muri silinderi kandi ntishobora kugenda mubuntu. Muri icyo gihe, impeta nayo ibuza piston guhura na silinderi kandi ikagira uruhare runini. Kubwibyo, impeta ya piston izamuka hejuru no muri silinderi, kandi hejuru yayo iranyerera byuzuye impeta.

Ibyiciro

Ukurikije imiterere

A. Imiterere ya Monolithic: binyuze muburyo bwo gukina cyangwa gushushanya.

b. Impeta ihuriweho: Impeta ya piston igizwe nibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi byakusanyirijwe hamwe.

c. Impeta y'amavuta yashizwemo: impeta ya peteroli ifite impande zibangikanye, ubutaka bubiri bwo guhuza hamwe nu mwobo ugaruka.

Д. Inkunga y'isoko irashobora kongera umuvuduko wa radiyo yihariye, kandi imbaraga zayo hejuru yimbere yimpeta irangana. Bikunze kuboneka muri moteri ya mazutu.

E. Umukandara wibyuma byahujwe nimpeta yamavuta: impeta yamavuta igizwe nimpeta yumurongo hamwe nimpeta ebyiri. Igishushanyo cyimpeta yinyuma kiratandukana nababikoze kandi bikunze kuboneka mumpeta ya moteri.

Imiterere y'igice

Impeta yindobo, impeta ya cone, impeta yimbere ya chamfer impeta, impeta ya wedge nimpeta ya trapezoid, impeta yizuru, impeta yo hanze yigitugu impeta, impeta yimbere yimbere, impeta yumukandara wimpeta, impeta yamavuta ya chamfer, kimwe Kuri impeta yamavuta ya chamfer, icyuma cyuma impeta y'amavuta, impeta y'amavuta, nibindi

Ukoresheje ibikoresho

Shira icyuma, ibyuma.

kuvura hejuru

Impeta ya Nitride: Ubukomezi bwa nitride iri hejuru ya 950HV, ubukana ni icyiciro cya 1, kandi bufite imbaraga zo kurwanya no kurwanya ruswa. Impeta ya Chrome: Impeta ya Chrome ni nziza, iroroshye kandi yoroshye, ifite ubukana burenga 850HV, irwanya kwambara neza, hamwe numuyoboro wa micro-crack-cross-cross, ifasha kubika amavuta yo gusiga . Impeta ya fosifati: Binyuze mu kuvura imiti, hashyizweho urwego rwa firime ya fosifati hejuru yimpeta ya piston, igira ingaruka zo kurwanya ingese ku bicuruzwa kandi ikanatezimbere imikorere yambere yimpeta. Impeta ya Oxidation: Mugihe cyubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe na okiside ikomeye, hakorwa firime ya oxyde hejuru yibikoresho byibyuma, bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa, gusiga amavuta yo kwisiga no kugaragara neza. Hano hari PVD nibindi.

ukurikije imikorere

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwimpeta ya piston: impeta ya gaze nimpeta ya peteroli. Igikorwa cyimpeta ya gaze nugukora kashe hagati ya piston na silinderi. Irinda ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe na gaze yumuvuduko mwinshi muri silinderi gutembera mu gikarito ku bwinshi, kandi icyarimwe ikayobora ubushyuhe bwinshi kuva hejuru ya piston kugera kurukuta rwa silinderi, hanyuma igatwarwa na gukonjesha amazi cyangwa umwuka.

Impeta yamavuta ikoreshwa mugukuraho amavuta arenze kurukuta rwa silinderi, no gutwikira firime imwe yamavuta kurukuta rwa silinderi, idashobora kubuza gusa amavuta kwinjira muri silinderi no gutwikwa, ariko kandi bigabanya kwambara no kurira bya piston , impeta ya piston na silinderi. Kurwanya. [1]

imikoreshereze

Kumenyekanisha neza cyangwa bibi

Ubuso bukora bwimpeta ya piston ntibugomba kugira inshundura, gushushanya no gukuramo ibishishwa, hejuru ya silindrike yo hanze hamwe no hejuru no hepfo yimpera yanyuma bigomba kugira ubworoherane runaka, gutandukana kugabanuka ntibishobora kurenza mm 0.02-0.04, hamwe no kurohama bisanzwe. ingano yimpeta muri groove ntishobora kurenza mm 0.15-0.25 mm, ubworoherane no gukuraho impeta ya piston byujuje amabwiriza. Byongeye kandi, urwego rwo kumurika urumuri rwa piston narwo rugomba kugenzurwa, ni ukuvuga impeta ya piston igomba gushyirwa neza muri silinderi, urumuri ruto rugomba gushyirwa munsi yimpeta ya piston, hanyuma hagashyirwaho isahani igicucu. ni, hanyuma hagomba kuboneka icyuho cyoroheje hagati yimpeta ya piston nurukuta rwa silinderi. Ibi birerekana niba guhuza impeta ya piston nurukuta rwa silinderi ari byiza. Muri rusange, icyuho cyo kumeneka cyimpeta ya piston ntigomba kurenza mm 0,03 mugihe upimye hamwe nubunini. Uburebure bwurumuri rukomeza kumeneka ntigomba kurenza 1/3 cya diameter ya silinderi, uburebure bwibice byinshi byacitse ntibigomba kurenza 1/3 cya diametre ya silinderi, kandi uburebure bwuzuye bwurumuri rwinshi rugomba ntibirenza 1/2 cya diameter ya silinderi, bitabaye ibyo, igomba gusimburwa.

gushyira akamenyetso ku mabwiriza

Impeta ya piston iranga GB / T 1149.1-94 iteganya ko impeta zose za piston zisaba icyerekezo cyo kwishyiriraho zigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso cyo hejuru, ni ukuvuga uruhande rwegereye icyumba cyaka. Impeta zashyizwe ku ruhande rwo hejuru zirimo: impeta ya conical, chamfer y'imbere, impeta yo kumeza yo hanze, impeta yizuru, impeta ya wedge nimpeta y'amavuta bisaba icyerekezo cyo kwishyiriraho, kandi uruhande rwo hejuru rwimpeta rwashyizweho ikimenyetso.

Kwirinda

Witondere mugihe ushyira impeta ya piston

1) Impeta ya piston yashyizwe neza mumurongo wa silinderi, kandi hagomba kubaho icyuho cyo gufungura kuri interineti.

2) Impeta ya piston igomba gushyirwaho kuri piston, no mumurongo wimpeta, hagomba kubaho uruhande runaka rwerekanwe kuruhande rwuburebure.

3) Impeta ya chrome igomba gushyirwaho kumuyoboro wambere, kandi gufungura ntibigomba guhura nicyerekezo cyurwobo rwa eddy hejuru ya piston.

4) Gufungura buri mpeta ya piston ihindagurika kuri 120 ° C, kandi ntibyemewe guhangana nu mwobo wa piston.

5) Ku mpeta za piston hamwe nigice cyafashwe, ubuso bugomba kuba hejuru mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho.

6) Mubisanzwe, iyo impeta ya torsion yashizwemo, chamfer cyangwa groove igomba kuba hejuru; mugihe impeta ya anti-torsion yashizwemo, komeza cone ireba hejuru.

7) Mugihe ushyizeho impeta ihuriweho, impeta ya axial igomba gushyirwaho mbere, hanyuma impeta iringaniye hamwe nimpeta yumuraba. Impeta iringaniye yashyizwe hejuru no hepfo yimpeta yumuraba, kandi gufungura buri mpeta bigomba guhindagurika.

Imikorere yibikoresho

1. Kwambara ibiturwanya

2. Kubika amavuta

3. Gukomera

4. Kurwanya ruswa

5. Imbaraga

6. Kurwanya ubushyuhe

7

8. Gukata imikorere

Muri byo, kwambara birwanya kandi byoroshye ni ngombwa. Moteri ifite ingufu nyinshi za mazutu piston impeta zirimo cyane cyane icyuma cyumukara, icyuma cyumubyimba, icyuma cyuma, hamwe nicyuma cya grafite.

Piston ihuza inteko

Ingingo zingenzi ziteraniro rya dizel generator piston ihuza inkoni itsinda niyi ikurikira:

1. Kanda-ihuza guhuza inkoni y'umuringa. Mugihe ushyiraho umuringa wumuringa winkoni ihuza, nibyiza gukoresha imashini cyangwa vise, kandi ntukayikubite inyundo; umwobo wamavuta cyangwa igikonjo cyamavuta kumurongo wumuringa bigomba guhuzwa nu mwobo wamavuta kurinkoni ihuza kugirango urebe neza.

2. Guteranya piston hamwe ninkoni ihuza. Mugihe cyo guteranya piston no guhuza inkoni, witondere umwanya ugereranije nicyerekezo.

Bitatu, ubigiranye ubuhanga ushyizeho piston pin. Piston pin hamwe nu mwobo wa pin ni interineti ikwiranye. Mugihe ushyira, banza ushyire piston mumazi cyangwa mumavuta hanyuma ubishyuhe neza kugeza 90 ° C ~ 100 ° C. Nyuma yo kuyikuramo, shyira inkoni ya karuvati mumwanya ukwiye hagati yintebe ya piston pin, hanyuma ushyireho pin ya piston yometseho amavuta mubyerekezo byateganijwe. mu mwobo wa piston pin no guhuza inkoni y'umuringa

Icya kane, kwishyiriraho impeta ya piston. Mugihe ushyira impeta ya piston, witondere umwanya na gahunda ya buri mpeta.

Icya gatanu, shyiramo itsinda rihuza itsinda.