Imiterere, urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi, uburyo bwo kugenzura, uburyo bwo kugenzura n'ihame ry'imikorere ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha ikirere mu binyabiziga ikoresha amashanyarazi
1. Imiterere y'uburyo bwo gukonjesha bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi
Sisitemu yo gukonjesha umwuka w’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi ni kimwe n’iy’imodoka zikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi gakondo, zigizwe na compressors, condenser, evaporators, fans cooling, blowers, expansion valves n’ibindi bikoresho by’imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko mwinshi n’umuvuduko muto. Itandukaniro ni uko ibice by’ingenzi bya sisitemu nshya ikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi ikoreshwa mu konjesha umwuka w’imodoka ikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi ikoreshwa mu konjesha umwuka w’imodoka ikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi, bityo ishobora gukoreshwa gusa na bateri y’amashanyarazi y’imodoka ubwayo, ibi bikaba bisaba ko hongerwamo moteri ikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi, guhuza moteri ikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi na compressor n’icyuma gikoresha ingufu, ni ukuvuga ko dukunze kuvuga ko - compressor ikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi.
2. Ihame ryo kugenzura sisitemu nshya y'amashanyarazi ikoresha amashanyarazi
Igenzura ry'ikinyabiziga ryose ∨CU rikusanya ikimenyetso cya AC cya conditioner, ikimenyetso cya pressure cya conditioner, ikimenyetso cy'ubushyuhe bwa evaporator, ikimenyetso cy'umuvuduko w'umuyaga n'ikimenyetso cy'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere, hanyuma rigakora ikimenyetso cya control binyuze muri bisi ya CAN rikayohereza kuri conditioner. Hanyuma conditioner igenzura imikorere y'uruziga rufite voltage nyinshi rwa compressor ya conditioner.
3. Ihame ry'imikorere ya sisitemu nshya y'amashanyarazi ikoresha amashanyarazi
Compressor nshya y'amashanyarazi ikoresha amashanyarazi ni isoko y'ingufu nshya ya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ikoresha amashanyarazi, aha turatandukanya ibyuma bikonjesha n'ibishyushya ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi:
(1) Ihame ryo gukora ubukonje bw'uburyo bwo gukonjesha bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi
Iyo sisitemu yo gukonjesha ikora, compressor y'amashanyarazi ituma icyuma gikonjesha kizenguruka neza muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha, compressor y'amashanyarazi ikomeza gukanda icyuma gikonjesha hanyuma ikacyohereza icyuma gikonjesha mu gasanduku k'ibyuka, icyuma gikonjesha gifata ubushyuhe mu gasanduku k'ibyuka kikaguka, ku buryo agasanduku k'ibyuka gakonjeshwa, bityo umuyaga uhuhwa n'icyuma gikonjesha ukaba umwuka ukonje.
(2) Ihame ryo gushyushya rya sisitemu yo gukonjesha imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi
Ubushyuhe bw'imodoka isanzwe ikoresha lisansi bushingiye ku gikoresho gishyushya cyane kiri muri moteri, nyuma yo gufungura umwuka ushyushye, igikoresho gishyushya cyane kiri muri moteri kizanyura mu kigega cy'umwuka ushyushye, kandi umuyaga uva mu gikoresho gishyushya uzanyura no mu kigega cy'umwuka ushyushye, kugira ngo aho umwuka usohoka muri conditioner ubashe gusohora umwuka ushyushye, ariko conditioner y'imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi kuko nta moteri ihari, Kuri ubu, imodoka nyinshi nshya zikoresha ingufu ku isoko zikoresha ingufu nshya zishyushya imodoka hakoreshejwe pompe y'ubushyuhe cyangwa PTC ishyushya.
(3) Ihame ry’imikorere ya pompe y’ubushyuhe ni iri rikurikira: muri iki gikorwa cyavuzwe haruguru, amazi abira make (nk’umusemburo wo muri conditioner) ahinduka umwuka nyuma yo gukurwaho n’agapira k’umugozi, agafata ubushyuhe buturutse ku bushyuhe buri hasi (nk’ubwo hanze y’imodoka), hanyuma agakanda umwuka ukoresheje compressor, bigatuma ubushyuhe bwiyongera, agasohora ubushyuhe bwinjira mu cyuma gikonjesha maze agahinduka amazi, hanyuma agasubira mu cyuma gikonjesha. Iyi ngendo ikomeza kwimura ubushyuhe buva mu gikonjesha bujya mu gace gashyushye (ubushyuhe bukenewe). Ikoranabuhanga rya pompe y’ubushyuhe rishobora gukoresha joule 1 y’ingufu no kwimura joule 1 (cyangwa joule 2) z’ingufu ziturutse ahantu hakonje, bigatuma ingufu zigabanuka cyane.
(4) PTC ni incamake ya Positive Temperature Coefficient (coefficient nziza y'ubushyuhe), muri rusange yerekeza ku bikoresho bya semiconductor cyangwa ibice bifite coefficient nini y'ubushyuhe. Mu gusharija thermistor, resistance irashyuha kugira ngo yongere ubushyuhe. PTC, mu bihe bikomeye, ishobora kugera ku 100% by'ingufu gusa. Bisaba joule 1 y'ingufu kugira ngo ikore nibura joule 1 y'ubushyuhe. Ibyuma by'amashanyarazi n'icyuma gikonjesha bikoreshwa mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi byose bishingiye kuri iri hame. Ariko, ikibazo nyamukuru cyo gushyushya PTC ni ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, bigira ingaruka ku buryo imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zitwara. Dufashe urugero rwa PTC ya 2KW, gukora ku ngufu zose mu isaha imwe bitwara 2kWh y'amashanyarazi. Iyo imodoka ikoze kilometero 100 igakoresha 15kWh, 2kWh izatakaza kilometero 13 z'uburebure bwo gutwara. Ba nyiri imodoka benshi bo mu majyaruguru binubira ko ubwoko bw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi bwagabanutse cyane, kimwe mu mpamvu ziterwa n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zo gushyushya PTC. Byongeye kandi, mu gihe cy'ubukonje mu gihe cy'itumba, imikorere y'ibikoresho muri bateri y'amashanyarazi iragabanuka, ubushobozi bwo gusohora umuriro ntibuba buri hejuru, kandi urugendo rwo kugenda ruzagabanywa.
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gushyushya PTC n'imashini ishyushya ikoresha amashanyarazi ku bikoresho bishya bitanga ingufu ni uko: Gushyushya PTC = gukora ubushyuhe, gushyushya imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi = gukoresha ubushyuhe.
