Muburyo bwo gutwara, imodoka igomba guhindura icyerekezo cyayo kenshi ukurikije ubushake bwumushoferi, aribyo bita kuyobora imodoka.Kubireba ibiziga bifite ibiziga, inzira yo kumenya kuyobora ikinyabiziga nuko umushoferi akora ibiziga (ibizunguruka) kumurongo wimbere (mubisanzwe umutambiko wimbere) wikinyabiziga uhindura inguni runaka ugereranije na axe ndende. y'ikinyabiziga binyuze mumurongo wuburyo bwihariye bwabugenewe.Iyo imodoka igenda kumurongo ugororotse, ibizunguruka akenshi bigira ingaruka kumbaraga zivanga kuruhande rwumuhanda, hanyuma igahita ihindukira kugirango ihindure icyerekezo.Muri iki gihe, umushoferi arashobora kandi gukoresha ubu buryo kugirango ahindure ibizunguruka mu cyerekezo gitandukanye, kugirango agarure icyerekezo cyambere cyo gutwara imodoka.Uru rutonde rwibigo byihariye bikoreshwa muguhindura cyangwa kugarura icyerekezo cyimodoka cyiswe sisitemu yo kuyobora imodoka (bakunze kwita sisitemu yo kuyobora imodoka).Kubwibyo, imikorere ya sisitemu yo kuyobora imodoka ni ukureba niba imodoka ishobora kuyoborwa no gutwarwa ukurikije ubushake bwumushoferi.[1]
Ihame ryubwubatsi gutunganya ibiganiro
Sisitemu yo kuyobora ibinyabiziga igabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: sisitemu yo kuyobora imashini na sisitemu yo kuyobora ingufu.
Sisitemu yo kuyobora
Sisitemu ya mashini ikoresha imbaraga zumubiri wumushoferi nkingufu ziyobora, aho ibice byose byohereza imbaraga ari imashini.Sisitemu yo kuyobora imashini igizwe nibice bitatu: uburyo bwo kugenzura, ibikoresho byo kuyobora hamwe nuburyo bwo kohereza.
Igishushanyo 1 kirerekana igishushanyo mbonera cyibigize hamwe na sisitemu yo kuyobora imashini.Iyo ikinyabiziga gihindutse, umushoferi akoresha moteri yumurongo wa 1.Uyu muyoboro winjiza ibikoresho bya 5 unyuze muri shitingi 2, icyerekezo rusange 3 hamwe na shitingi ya 4.Umuyoboro wongewemo nibikoresho bya moteri hamwe nicyerekezo nyuma yo kwihuta byanduzwa mukuboko kwamaboko ya rocker 6, hanyuma bigashyikirizwa ukuboko kwa knuckle ukuboko 8 gushyizwe kumurongo wibumoso 9 ukoresheje inkoni igororotse 7, kuburyo ibumoso bwibumoso. n'ibumoso bwa steering knuckle ishyigikira iratangwa.Ikizunguruka.Kugirango uhindure iburyo bwa knuckle 13 hamwe nu rubaho rwiburyo rushyigikira ku mpande zijyanye, na trapezoid yo kuyobora nayo iratangwa.Imiyoboro ya trapezoid igizwe namaboko ya trapezoidal 10 na 12 ashyizwe kumutwe wibumoso n iburyo hamwe ninkoni ya karuvati 11 impera zazo zifatanije namaboko ya trapezoidal ukoresheje imipira.
Igishushanyo 1 Igishushanyo mbonera cyibigize n'imiterere ya sisitemu yo kuyobora
Igishushanyo 1 Igishushanyo mbonera cyibigize n'imiterere ya sisitemu yo kuyobora
Urukurikirane rw'ibice n'ibice kuva kuri ruline kugeza kuri shitingi yoherejwe ni uburyo bwo kugenzura.Urukurikirane rw'ibice n'ibice (ukuyemo imitwe) uhereye ku kuboko kwa rocker ukageza kuri trapezoide ya tekinike ni uburyo bwo kohereza.
sisitemu yo kuyobora
Sisitemu yo kuyobora amashanyarazi ni sisitemu yo kuyobora ikoresha imbaraga zumubiri wumushoferi nimbaraga za moteri nkingufu ziyobora.Mubihe bisanzwe, igice gito cyingufu zisabwa mugutwara imodoka gitangwa numushoferi, kandi ibyinshi bitangwa na moteri binyuze mumashanyarazi.Ariko, mugihe igikoresho cyo kuyobora amashanyarazi cyananiranye, umushoferi agomba kuba ashoboye kwigenga gukora umurimo wo kuyobora ikinyabiziga.Kubwibyo, sisitemu yo kuyobora amashanyarazi ikorwa hiyongereyeho ibikoresho byo kuyobora amashanyarazi hashingiwe kuri sisitemu yo kuyobora.
Ku kinyabiziga kiremereye gifite ubwinshi bwa metero zirenga 50t, iyo igikoresho cyo gutwara amashanyarazi cyananiranye, imbaraga zashizweho numushoferi kuri knuckle zinyuze muri gari ya moshi zitwara imashini ntiri kure bihagije kugirango uhindure ibizunguruka kugirango ugere ku buyobozi. .Kubwibyo, kuyobora ingufu zibi binyabiziga bigomba kuba byizewe byumwihariko.
Igishushanyo cya 2 Igishushanyo mbonera cyibigize hydraulic power steering system
Igishushanyo cya 2 Igishushanyo mbonera cyibigize hydraulic power steering system
FIG.2 ni igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana imiterere ya sisitemu yo kuyobora amashanyarazi hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvoma ibikoresho bya hydraulic power steering.Ibigize ibikoresho byingufu zamashanyarazi ni: ikigega cyamavuta 9, pompe yamavuta 10, icyuma gikoresha 5 na silindiri 12.Iyo umushoferi ahinduye ikizunguruka 1 isaha yo kugana (ibumoso), kuyobora rocker ukuboko 7 itwara inkoni igororotse 6 kugirango ijye imbere.Imbaraga zo gukurura inkoni ya karuvati igororotse ikora ku ntoki ya knuckle ya 4, kandi ikoherezwa mu kuboko kwa trapezoidal 3 hamwe na karuvati ya karuvati 11 nayo, ku buryo igenda iburyo.Muri icyo gihe, inkoni igororotse nayo itwara valve ya slide muri valve igenzura 5, kugirango icyumba cyiburyo cya silindiri ya 12 ihujwe na tank ya peteroli hamwe nubushyuhe bwa zeru.Amavuta yumuvuduko mwinshi wa pompe yamavuta 10 yinjira mu cyuho cy’ibumoso cya silindiri yingufu, bityo ingufu za hydraulic iburyo kuri piston ya silindiri yingufu zikoreshwa ku nkoni ya karuvati 11 ikoresheje inkoni yo gusunika, nayo ikabitera Himura iburyo.Muri ubu buryo, urumuri ruto rushyizweho na shoferi kuri ruline rushobora gutsinda urumuri rurwanya rukora kuri moteri hasi.
