Sisitemu yo Gufunga Feri (ABS)
ABS ni ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rishingiye ku gikoresho gisanzwe cya feri, kandi ni ubwoko bwa sisitemu yo kugenzura umutekano w'imodoka ifite ibyiza byo gukumira kunyerera no gukumira gufunga. Muri make feri irinda gufunga ni ubwoko bwa feri isanzwe irushaho kuba nziza cyangwa nziza.
Sisitemu zo kurinda feri zirinda gufunga feri zagenewe gukumira gufunga feri no kunyerera kw'amapine mu gihe feri igoye cyangwa ahantu hatose cyangwa hanyerera, ibyo byongera umutekano mu gutwara buri munsi binyuze mu kubuza ikinyabiziga kunyerera mu buryo buteje akaga no gutuma umushoferi agumana uburyo bwo kugenzura feri mu gihe agerageza guhagarara. ABS ntabwo ifite imikorere yo gufunga feri nk'iy'uburyo busanzwe bwo gufunga feri gusa, ahubwo inashobora gukumira gufunga amagare, kugira ngo imodoka ikomeze kuzunguruka munsi y'imiterere ya feri, irebe ko umuhanda w'imodoka uhamye, kandi ikarinda ko umuhanda unyura ku ruhande cyangwa uhindagurika, ni cyo gikoresho cyo gufunga feri kigezweho cyane ku modoka gifite ingaruka nziza zo gufunga feri.
Sisitemu yo gukumira gufunga feri igamije gukumira ko ipine idafungwa mu gihe cyo gufunga feri, ibi bishobora gutera: imbaraga zo gufunga feri mu muhanda zigabanuka kandi ubushobozi bwo gufunga feri bukagabanuka; Kugabanya igihe cy'akazi k'ipine, iyo imodoka ihagaritse gufunga uruziga rw'imbere, imodoka izatakaza ubushobozi bwo kuyobora, imbaraga zo ku ruhande ziragabanuka iyo ipine ry'inyuma rifunze, ubushobozi bwo kugumana feri bugabanuka, ibyo bigatuma imodoka izunguruka cyane igatera umurizo cyangwa urubavu. Ingaruka za sisitemu yo gukumira gufunga feri ku mikorere y'imodoka zigaragarira cyane cyane mu kugabanya intera yo gufunga feri, gukomeza ubushobozi bwo kuyobora, kunoza icyerekezo cyo gutwara no kugabanya kwangirika kw'amapine. Mu gihe cy'impanuka, umushoferi agomba gukanda pedali ya feri cyane uko bishoboka kose ntayirekure, kandi ibindi bintu bikorwa na ABS, kugira ngo umushoferi ashobore kwibanda ku guhangana n'ikibazo no kwita ku mutekano w'imodoka.
Incamake ya sisitemu yo gufunga feri ni ABS, kandi izina ryuzuye ry'icyongereza ni anti-lock Brakingsystem, cyangwa Anti-skidBrakingSystem. Mbere na mbere, "gufata" bivuga feri (cyangwa inkweto) na disiki ya feri (ingoma ya feri) nta guhindagurika kw'ingufu, ubushyuhe bw'ingufu z ... Dukurikije igeragezwa rya feri y'amapine, ipine ntishobora gufata ku ruhande iyo feri y'umurongo w'imodoka yuzuye, kandi imodoka izaba igoranye kurangiza kugenzura uruhande urwo arirwo rwose. Muri ubu buryo, amapine y'imbere n'iy'inyuma azagenda mu byerekezo bibiri bitandukanye kandi imodoka izaba ifite umuvuduko udashobora kugenzurwa (kuzunguruka), kandi imodoka izatera umurizo wayo. Muri iki gihe, uruziga rw'imodoka nta ngaruka rugira, imodoka izatakaza burundu uburyo bwo kuyiyobora, niba ibintu bikomeye cyane, ishobora kugusha imodoka, bigatera impanuka zo mu muhanda n'izindi ngaruka.
Iyo feri ifunze neza, iri hinduka ry'ingufu rishobora guterwa gusa n'ubushyuhe buri hagati y'ipine n'ubutaka. Ubushyuhe bugabanyijemo amoko abiri: ubushyuhe bwo kuzunguruka no kuzunguruka, ubushyuhe bwo kuzunguruka buterwa n'ingaruka z'ubushuhe bwumutse mu muhanda, igihe uruziga rwa feri n'ubushyuhe bwo kuzunguruka bizagenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro, binini kugeza ku rugero rw'ingenzi nyuma y'uko bihinduka kuva ku kuzunguruka kugera ku bushyuhe bwo kuzunguruka. Ubushyuhe bwo kuzunguruka buzagenda bugabanuka buhoro buhoro, bityo ABS igomba gukoresha ihame ry'ubu buryo bwo kuzunguruka kugira ngo ishyireho imbaraga zo kuzunguruka z'ipine kuri uyu musozo, kugira ngo igabanye intera yo kuzunguruka. Ubushyuhe bukomeye butuma ipine rigira ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bworoshye bw'aho ikora, bigabanya intera yo kuzunguruka, ariko ku ruhande bizihutisha kwangirika.
Sisitemu yo Kurinda Gufunga (ABS) ni imwe mu ngingo z’ubushakashatsi ku igenzura ry’ingufu z’imodoka. Gufunga Gufunga, nk’uko izina ribigaragaza, ni ukubuza imodoka gufunga rimwe, hakoreshejwe feri ihoraho. Bivuga guhindura torque yo kugabanya feri (imbaraga zo gufunga amapine) ikora ku ruziga mu gihe cyo gufunga kugira ngo uruziga rutafunga iyo torque yo kugabanya feri ari nini; Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu ya ABS igezweho ishobora kugena umuvuduko w’uruziga mu gihe nyacyo, no kugumana umuvuduko w’uruziga muri feri hafi y’agaciro gakwiye. Kubwibyo, iyo sisitemu ya ABS ikora, umushoferi ntazatakaza ububasha bwo kuyobora imodoka bitewe no gufunga amapine y’imbere, kandi intera yo gufunga imodoka izaba ntoya ugereranije n’ingufu zo gufunga amapine, kugira ngo igere ku musaruro mwiza wo gufunga no kugabanya imbaraga zo gukubita iyo impanuka ibaye.
