Uburyo bwo guhitamo pompe y'amazi
Uburyo amazi ava mu ipompe, ni ukuvuga amazi asohoka, muri rusange ntabwo bikwiye guhitamo menshi cyane, bitabaye ibyo byongera ikiguzi cyo kugura ipompe. Igomba gutoranywa hakurikijwe ibyo isaba, nko gukoresha ipompe yiyishyurira ikoreshwa n'umuryango w'umukoresha, amazi agomba gutoranywa make uko bishoboka kose; Niba umukoresha akoresha ipompe ikoreshwa mu kuhira, byaba byiza guhitamo umuvuduko munini w'amazi.
1, kugura pompe z'amazi hakurikijwe imiterere y'aho hantu. Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ipompo zikoreshwa mu buhinzi, ari zo pompe zikoresha centrifugal, pompe zikoresha axis flow na pompe zikoresha mix flow. Pompe ikoresha centrifugal ifite umutwe munini, ariko amazi asohoka make, ikwiriye ahantu ho mu misozi no mu turere two kuhira amariba. Pompe ikoresha axis flow ifite amazi menshi, ariko umutwe wayo ntuba munini cyane, ikwiriye gukoreshwa ahantu hasanzwe. Amazi asohoka n'umutwe w'ipompo ikoresha mix flow biri hagati ya pompe ikoresha centrifugal na pompe ikoresha axis flow, kandi birakwiriye gukoreshwa mu turere dusanzwe n'udusozi. Abakoresha bagomba guhitamo no kugura bakurikije imiterere y'ubutaka, isoko y'amazi n'uburebure bw'amazi aterura.
2, kurenza neza uburyo pompe y'amazi yatoranijwe. Nyuma yo kumenya ubwoko bwa pompe, ni ngombwa gusuzuma imikorere yayo mu bukungu, no kwita cyane ku guhitamo umutwe n'inzira bya pompe n'imbaraga zayo ziyishyigikira. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko hari itandukaniro hagati y'aho izamurira (guterura byose) byagaragajwe ku kirango cya pompe n'aho izamurira (guterura by'ukuri) iyo ikoreshejwe, ibyo bikaba biterwa nuko hari igihombo runaka cyo kudakomera iyo amazi atemba mu muyoboro w'amazi no hafi y'umuyoboro. Kubwibyo, umutwe nyawo muri rusange uba uri munsi ya 10%-20% ugereranije n'umutwe wose, kandi umusaruro w'amazi uragabanuka mu buryo bungana. Kubwibyo, mu ikoreshwa nyaryo, hakurikijwe ikimenyetso cya 80% ~ 90% by'ikigereranyo cy'umutwe n'amazi, guhitamo imbaraga zishyigikira pompe, bishobora gutoranywa hakurikijwe ingufu zagaragajwe ku cyapa, kugira ngo pompe itangire vuba kandi ikoreshwe neza, imbaraga za moteri nazo zishobora kuba zirenze gato imbaraga zisabwa za pompe, muri rusange hafi 10% ni byo bikwiye; Iyo hari ingufu, iyo uguze pompe y'amazi, ushobora guhitamo pompe ijyanye nayo ukurikije imbaraga za moteri.
3, kugura ipompo by’ukuri. Mu gihe ugura, ni ngombwa gusuzuma "ibyemezo bitatu", ni ukuvuga uruhushya rwo guteza imbere imashini z’ubuhinzi, uruhushya rwo gukora n’icyemezo cyo kugenzura ibicuruzwa, kandi ibyemezo bitatu gusa ni byo bishobora kwirinda kugura ibicuruzwa byakuweho n’ibicuruzwa bike.
Guhitamo imibare
1, ku mikorere isanzwe ya pompe, muri rusange imwe gusa, kubera ko pompe nini ingana na pompe ebyiri nto zikora icyarimwe, (bisobanura umutwe umwe n'umuvuduko umwe), imikorere ya pompe nini iri hejuru y'iya pompe nto, bityo mu rwego rwo kuzigama ingufu, ni byiza guhitamo pompe nini, aho guhitamo pompe ebyiri nto, ariko mu bihe bikurikira, pompe ebyiri zishobora gusuzumwa mu bufatanye: umuvuduko ni munini, pompe ntishobora kugera kuri uyu muvuduko.
2, ku mapompo manini agomba kugira igipimo cya 50% cy’ubwizigame, amapompo abiri mato ashobora guhindurwa kugira ngo akore, abiri ahoraho (ane yose hamwe)
3, kuri pompe nini zimwe na zimwe, 70% by'ibikenewe mu ipompe bishobora gukoreshwa icyarimwe, nta pompe y'inyongera, mu kubungabunga pompe, indi pompe iracyafite inshingano zo gutwara 70% by'umusaruro.
4, ku ipompo ikenera gukora amasaha 24 ahoraho, hagomba gukoreshwa ipompo eshatu, imwe ikora, imwe ikora neza, n'imwe ikora neza.
Gutandukanya ukuri n'ikinyoma
Ubwa mbere, uburyo ibicuruzwa bipfunyikwamo by’ipompo y’umwimerere cyangwa inganda zibishyigikira muri rusange biba bisanzwe, inyandiko isobanutse neza kandi ihoraho, kandi hari amazina y’ibicuruzwa arambuye, ibisobanuro n’imiterere, ikirango cy’ubucuruzi cyanditswe, amazina y’inganda, aderesi z’uruganda na nimero za terefone; Uburyo rusange bwo gupfunyika ibikoresho by’impimbano ni bubi cyane, kandi aderesi n’izina by’uruganda ntibisobanutse neza.
Icya kabiri, ubuso bw’ipompe y’amazi bwujuje ibisabwa ni bwiza kandi bukozwe neza. Uko ibice birushaho kuba byiza, ni ko gutunganya neza, ni ko gukumira ingese mu gupakira no gukumira ingese bikomeye. Mu gihe ugura, niba ibice bigaragaye ko bifite utudomo tw’ingese cyangwa ibice bya rubber byacitse, byatakaye cyangwa ubuso bw’aho biherereye bufite imirongo myiza yo gutunganya, ntabwo bigomba kuba ibice by’umwimerere.
Icya gatatu, imashini zidakora neza rimwe na rimwe ziba nziza. Ariko, bitewe n'uburyo bwo kuyikora bubi, biroroshye kwangirika, iyo uyiguze, mu gihe uyigura, uburebure bwa metero imwe n'igice cy'inyongera, inguni n'ibindi bice byihishe by'inyongera, urashobora kubona ubwiza bw'inyongera.
Icya kane, pompe zimwe na zimwe ni ibice by'imyanda byavuguruwe, hanyuma igihe cyose irangi ryo hejuru rishobora kuboneka nyuma y'irangi rishaje, pompe nk'iyo ni byiza kudakoresha.
Icya gatanu, ibice byaguzwe bishyirwa ku modoka, bitewe nuko ishobora kuba kandi ifite ibikoresho bivanze neza. Muri rusange, ibice by'umwimerere bishobora kugabanywa neza ku modoka, kandi ibice byo hasi biragoye gukorana kubera inzira mbi n'ikosa rikomeye ryo kuyitunganya.
Icya gatandatu, kugira ngo harebwe ko isano iri hagati y’ipompo n’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga ihura n’ibisabwa mu rwego rwa tekiniki, bimwe mu bice bisanzwe byanditseho ibimenyetso byo guteranya kugira ngo harebwe ko ibikoresho bishyirwaho neza, niba nta kimenyetso cyangwa ikimenyetso kidasobanutse neza kidashobora kumenyekana, ntabwo ari ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa.
Icya karindwi, imashini isanzwe yo guteranya pompe n'ibiyigize bigomba kuba bizima kugira ngo imizigo ikore neza kandi ikore neza. Bimwe mu bice bito byo guteranya ntibiraboneka, biroroshye gutangira gushyiramo imodoka bikayitera ingorane, ibyo bice bishobora kuba ari ibice by'impimbano.
Icya munani, ibikoresho by'ingenzi, cyane cyane icyiciro cyo guteranya, muri rusange birimo amabwiriza, impamyabushobozi, kugira ngo biyobore abakoresha mu gushyiraho, gukoresha no kubungabunga, guteranya kw'impimbano muri rusange ntabwo bizaba bifite amabwiriza arambuye yo kubishyiraho.
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