Ingaruka z'agasanduku k'imodoka kacitse ku gutwara imodoka.
Agasanduku k'imodoka gacitse gashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku gutwara. Nyuma y'uko agasanduku k'imodoka kangiritse, kabanza gutera kunyeganyega mu gihe cyo gutangiza imodoka, hanyuma kagabanye umutuzo w'imodoka. Mu gihe cyo gutwara, niba agasanduku k'imodoka gacitse burundu, imbaraga zishyigikira agasanduku k'imodoka ziba zitameze neza, byaba ari agasanduku k'imodoka cyangwa agasanduku k'imodoka, bizatuma habaho impinduka zidasanzwe. Muri iki gihe, hazavuka urusaku rwinshi mu gihe cyo gutwara, ibyo bizatuma ibice by'imbere by'agasanduku k'imodoka bishira nabi kandi bigabanya igihe cyo gukora k'agasanduku k'imodoka. Byongeye kandi, kwangirika k'agasanduku k'imodoka bizatuma agasanduku k'imodoka gahagarara mu gihe cyo gukora. Ibi biterwa n'uko ubushyuhe bw'amavuta y'agasanduku k'imodoka buba buri hejuru cyane, kandi hari umwanda mu mavuta y'agasanduku k'imodoka, ibyo bizatuma agasanduku k'imodoka gahagarara mu gihe cyo gukora, kandi bigatanga ijwi ridasanzwe. Agasanduku k'imodoka gakora ku bushyuhe bwinshi igihe kirekire, kandi imikorere yo kurwanya kwangirika no kwisiga kw'amavuta y'agasanduku k'imodoka izagabanuka, bityo ni ngombwa gusimbuza amavuta y'agasanduku buri gihe.
Muri make, ingaruka z’ibyangiritse ku buryo bwo gutwara imodoka zirimo ariko ntizigarukira gusa ku kujijinganya, kugabanuka k’ubudahangarwa, kwiyongera k’urusaku, guhindura ibinyabiziga nabi, impanuka n’urusaku rudasanzwe, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwo gutwara imodoka no ku mutekano wayo. Kubwibyo, iyo icyuma gikingira imodoka kimaze kugaragara ko cyangiritse, kigomba gusanwa cyangwa gusimbuzwa ako kanya.
Hari ubwoko bungana iki bwa gearboxes?
Hari ubwoko 8 bwa transmission, ari bwo MT manual transmission, AT automatic transmission, AMT semi-automatic transmission, DCT dual-clutch transmission, CVT continuously variable transmission, IVT infinitely variable speed mechanical continuously variable transmission, KRG cone-ring continuously variable transmission, ECVT electronic continuously variable transmission.
1. MT (Kohereza ubutumwa hakoreshejwe intoki)
Icyo bita MT mu by’ukuri ni icyo twita transmission ikoreshwa n’intoki, ikoreshwa cyane, ifite igikoresho gisanzwe cya 5-speed manual n’igikoresho cya 6-speed manual. Ibyiza byayo by’ingenzi ni ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, gutuza cyane, kubungabunga byoroshye, no kwishimisha mu gutwara imodoka cyane. Ariko, ikibi ni uko kuyikoresha bigoye, kandi biroroshye kuyihagarika no kuyihagarika. Uko abakora imodoka boroshya imiterere y’imikorere y’imodoka, moderi za transmission zikoreshwa n’intoki zigenda zisimburwa na transmission yikora.
2. AT (Kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwikora)
Kohereza ubutumwa bwa AT ni byo dukunze kuvuga ko kohereza ubutumwa bwikora, muri rusange, ibikoresho byo kohereza ubutumwa byikora bigabanyijemo P, R, N, D, 2, 1 cyangwa L. Akamaro k'ubu bwoko bwa kohereza ubutumwa ni uko ikoranabuhanga rihoraho, kandi ikibazo ni uko ahanini bihenze kandi bigoye guteza imbere, ariko nk'uko ari ko kohereza ubutumwa bwikora bwa AT bumaze igihe kinini mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kohereza ubutumwa bwikora, kohereza ubutumwa bwikora bwa AT biracyafite iterambere rinini mu gihe kizaza.
3. AMT (Semi-automatic transmission)
Mu by’ukuri, AMT inashyirwa mu cyiciro cya transmission yikora n’inganda zimwe na zimwe, ariko mu by’ukuri, twavuga gusa ko ari semi-automatic. Imodoka zifite Amt ntizigikeneye pedal ya clutch, kandi umushoferi ashobora gutangiza no gutwara imodoka akoresheje gusa pedal ya accelerator. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku bashoferi bashya ndetse no ku kinyabiziga cyizewe. Akamaro kayo ni uko imiterere yayo yoroshye, ihendutse, ikibazo ni ukunanirwa gukomeye, mu gihugu, AMT ubu ikoreshwa gusa muri zimwe muri moderi za A0.
4. DCT (gukoresha uburyo bwo kohereza amajwi bubiri)
DCT mu nganda zitandukanye ifite amazina atandukanye, Volkswagen yitwa DSG, Audi yitwa S-tronic, Porsche yitwa PDK, nubwo izina ritandukanye ariko imiterere rusange ni imwe, mu magambo make, hari amaseti abiri ya clutches akora icyarimwe. Iyi miterere ni ukwirinda ikibazo cyo guhagarika ingufu iyo guhinduranya intoki bisanzwe, kugira ngo intego yo guhinduranya yihute igerweho. Uretse umuvuduko wo guhinduranya wihuta, ifite akarusho ko gukoresha neza amashanyarazi, ikibi ni uko gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bigorana, kandi amwe mu mamodoka afite ikibazo kigaragara. Muri iki gihe, ikibazo nyamukuru gihangayikishije bogisi ya DCT ni uko uburyo bwo gukora ari bwinshi cyane.
5. CVT (Ihererekanya ry'amashanyarazi ritagira intambwe)
Kohereza CVT bikunze kuvugwa ko ari kohereza CVT idakoresha amaguru, byakoreshejwe cyane mu bicuruzwa byinshi, tuzi neza ko Mercedes-Benz yo mu Budage ari yo yatangije ikoranabuhanga rya CVT, ariko icyiza ni ukumenya CR-V, Xuan Yi iyi kodeli y’ikirango cy’Abayapani. Ikintu gikomeye ni uburyo bworoshye cyane, hafi ya bwose bushobora kugorana, ikibazo nyamukuru ni torque nke, kubungabunga nabi, nta gutunganya no gukora CVT mu ngo zimwe na zimwe.
Vi. IVT (Ihererekanyamakuru rihoraho rihindagurika ry’umuvuduko uhoraho rihindagurika)
IVT ni ubwoko bw'ihererekanya ry'amashanyarazi rihoraho rishobora kwihanganira imitwaro minini, rizwi nka Infinite Variable Speed Mechanical Continuously Variable transmission, ryakozwe bwa mbere rikanahabwa patenti na Torotrak mu Bwongereza.
7. KRG (Kone-ring idafite intambwe)
KRG ni transmission idafata intambwe ifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza imikorere. KRG yirinze gukorana nkana pompe za hydraulic mu miterere yayo, ikoresha gusa ibice byoroshye kandi biramba mu kugenzura ibyuma.
8. ECVT (Ihererekanyamakuru ry'ikoranabuhanga rihoraho rihindagurika)
ECVT igizwe n'ibikoresho by'imibumbe hamwe na moteri nyinshi, binyuze mu bikoresho by'imibumbe biri ku nkengero z'umubumbe, clutch hamwe na moteri y'umuvuduko kugira ngo ihindure umuvuduko.
Duhamagare niba ukeneye suibicuruzwa bya ch.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha ibice by'imodoka bya MG & MAUXS.
