Umuyoboro wa elegitoroniki urwanya ihame ryakazi, kurwanya abafana ba elegitoronike ni ibimenyetso byacitse.
Hindura amashanyarazi mumuriro
Kurwanya amashanyarazi yumuyaga wa elegitoronike ukora cyane cyane muguhindura amashanyarazi ingufu zubushyuhe.
Kurwanya umuyaga wa elegitoroniki, uzwi kandi nka thermistor, ufite uruhare runini mugukurikirana ubushyuhe bwimodoka.Iyo ubushyuhe bwa moteri ihindagurika bwiyongereye, agaciro ko guhangana na thermistor kazagabanuka.Ihinduka riterwa nubusabane bubi bwubushuhe buri hagati yuburinganire bwumuriro wa thermistor nubushyuhe, ni ukuvuga, uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, agaciro kokurwanya kazagabanuka.Iyo agaciro ko kurwanya kageze ku bushyuhe runaka, bizamanuka ku gaciro runaka, bizatera umuzenguruko wabanjirije agaciro gukora amashanyarazi, kugirango umuyaga w'amashanyarazi uhagarike gukora.Ubu buryo ni ingaruka zo gukingira umuyaga w'amashanyarazi, ukirinda kwangirika bitewe n'ubushyuhe bukabije.
Mubyongeyeho, ihame ryakazi ryo guhangana naryo ririmo guhindura impinduka.Iyo ikigezweho kinyuze muri résistoriste, bitewe ningaruka za termoelektrike ya résistor, ubushyuhe bwubuso bwa résistor buzamuka, kandi agaciro kayo nako kazahinduka.Muguhindura ibyagezweho, ibipimo byurwanya birashobora guhinduka, nkigiciro cyo guhangana nigiciro cyubu, kugirango ugere kumurongo wumuzunguruko no gukumira ibintu birenze urugero.
Mugukoresha abafana ba elegitoronike, kurwanya ntibigira uruhare rukingira gusa, ahubwo binagira uruhare mukugenzura umuvuduko no kugenzura ubushyuhe bwumuriro wamashanyarazi.Kurugero, mumashanyarazi akonjesha ya elegitoronike, imikorere yumufana igenzurwa nuburyo butandukanye bwo kugenzura (nka "thermistor switch + relay" uburyo bwo kugenzura), kandi umuvuduko wumufana uhita uhinduka ukurikije ubushyuhe bwamazi cyangwa umuvuduko.Ubu buryo bwo kugenzura ntabwo butezimbere imikorere yumuriro wamashanyarazi gusa, ahubwo inakora neza.
Ibimenyetso nyamukuru byerekana kunanirwa kwabafana amashanyarazi harimo:
Ibisohoka mu kirere ntibishobora guhinduka, ni ukuvuga, umwuka w’umuyaga ntushobora guhinduka nkuko bisabwa.
Nta bikoresho 1234 bihari, hariho isoko rimwe gusa, cyangwa ntibikora.
Ibi bimenyetso byerekana ko umurwanya wumufana wa elegitoronike ushobora kuba wangiritse, bigatuma udakora neza.Rististor ikora nkumubyigano wubu kandi urinda ingufu zumuzunguruko, kandi iyo byangiritse, birashobora gutuma umwuka wumuyaga udashobora guhinduka, cyangwa ntushobora gukora na gato.Byongeye kandi, iyo résistoriste ikora mubisanzwe, irwanya ryayo ntirigira iherezo, iyo voltage yinjiye irenze agaciro runaka, irwanya ryayo rizahinduka rito, kuburyo umuzunguruko ari umuzunguruko mugufi, bigatuma fuse yaka bugufi, bigira uruhare muri kurinda ibikoresho.
Nigute ushobora gupima neza amashanyarazi
Ubwa mbere, uruhare rwumuriro wamashanyarazi namakosa asanzwe
Kurwanya umuyaga w'amashanyarazi nikimwe mubice byingenzi bigenzura umuvuduko wa moteri, bigerwaho muguhindura amashanyarazi.Amakosa akunze kubamo kwangirika, guhura nabi cyangwa kuzunguruka, nibindi, bizatera moteri kudakora neza.
Icya kabiri, intambwe nuburyo bwo gupima guhangana
1. Hagarika amashanyarazi hanyuma ukureho igifuniko cyabafana kugirango ugaragaze guhangana.
2. Koresha multimeter kugirango ukore inkoni yo gupima kumpande zombi zo guhangana.Multimeter igomba gushyirwaho ibikoresho byo gupima.Niba kurwanya bishobora guhinduka, shyira multimeter kubikoresho bya rheostat kugirango irwanya isomwe neza.
3. Soma agaciro ko guhangana hanyuma ugereranye na kalibrasi ya metero yo guhangana.Niba gusoma biri hafi ya kalibrasi, agaciro ni ibisanzwe;Bitabaye ibyo, kurwanya birangirika.
Icya gatatu, kwirinda
1. Iyo upima guhangana, amashanyarazi agomba kubanza gukumirwa kugirango yirinde impanuka.
2. Niba multimeter ikoreshwa mugupima imbaraga zishobora guhinduka, hinduranya résistor kugeza ku giciro kinini mbere yo kwipimisha kugirango wirinde kwangirika.
3. Niba imikoranire idahwitse itari nziza, koresha ibikoresho byoza kugirango usukure ibice byandikirwa hanyuma urebe niba imigozi ifunze.
Iv.Umwanzuro
Dukoresheje uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru bwo gupima ubukana, turashobora kumenya byihuse kandi neza niba kurwanya amashanyarazi yumuriro byangiritse, kugirango tubisimbuze mugihe kandi tumenye imikorere isanzwe yumuriro wamashanyarazi.Muri icyo gihe, birasabwa kwita ku mutekano mugihe ukoresha amashanyarazi kandi ntuyakoreshe igihe kirekire.
Nyamuneka uduhamagarire niba ukeneye ibicuruzwa nkibi.
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