Compressor y'umwuka ukonjesha imodoka.
Compressor y'umwuka ufata ikirere mu modoka ni ingenzi muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha umwuka ufata ikirere mu modoka, ikaba igira uruhare mu gukanda no gutwara umwuka ufata ikirere.
Compressors zigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: kwimura ibintu bidahinduka (non-variable displacement) n'ukwimura ibintu bidahinduka (variable displacement).
Compressor zitanga umwuka ushyushye hakurikijwe uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora imbere, muri rusange zigabanyijemo kabiri n'izizunguruka.
Dukurikije amahame atandukanye y'imikorere, compressors zo mu kirere zishobora kugabanywamo compressors zihoraho zo mu kirere n'izihindagurika zo mu kirere.
Compressor ihoraho yo kwimura
Guhindura amashanyarazi mu buryo buhoraho bingana no kwiyongera k'umuvuduko wa moteri, ntabwo ishobora guhindura ingufu mu buryo bwikora bitewe n'ibikenewe mu gukonjesha, kandi ingaruka ku ikoreshwa rya lisansi muri moteri ni nini cyane. Muri rusange igenzurwa no gukusanya ikimenyetso cy'ubushyuhe bw'aho amashanyarazi asohoka, iyo ubushyuhe bugeze ku bushyuhe bugenwe, icyuma gikingira amashanyarazi cya compressor kirarekurwa, maze compressor igahagarara gukora. Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, icyuma gikingira amashanyarazi kirahuzwa maze compressor igatangira gukora. Compressor igabanya amashanyarazi mu buryo buhoraho nayo igenzurwa n'umuvuduko wa sisitemu y'umwuka ushyushye. Iyo umuvuduko uri mu muyoboro urenze urugero, compressor irahagarara gukora.
Compressor ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rihindura ikirere rikoreshwa mu gukamura umwuka ushyushye
Compressor zihinduranya umwuka zishobora guhindura ingufu zikoreshwa mu buryo bwikora hakurikijwe ubushyuhe bwashyizweho. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'umwuka ntabwo ikusanya ikimenyetso cy'ubushyuhe bw'aho umwuka usohoka, ahubwo ihindura ubushyuhe bw'aho umwuka usohoka igenzura igipimo cyo gukanda cya kompreseri hakurikijwe ikimenyetso cy'impinduka z'umuvuduko mu muyoboro w'umwuka ucana. Mu gihe cyose cyo gukonjesha, kompreseri ihora ikora, kandi guhindura ubukana bw'ubushyuhe bishingiye rwose ku gipimo cy'umuvuduko cyashyizwe muri kompreseri kugira ngo kigenzurwe. Iyo umuvuduko ku mpera y'umuvuduko mwinshi w'umuyoboro w'umwuka ucana ari mwinshi cyane, valve igenzura umuvuduko igabanya umuvuduko wa piston ya kompreseri kugira ngo igabanye igipimo cyo gukanda, bizagabanya ubukana bw'ubushyuhe. Iyo umuvuduko ku mpera y'umuvuduko mwinshi ugabanutse ku rugero runaka kandi umuvuduko ku mpera y'umuvuduko muto ukazamuka ku rugero runaka, valve igenzura umuvuduko yongera umuvuduko wa piston kugira ngo yongere ubukana bw'ubukonje.
Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora, compressors muri rusange zishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: reciprocating na rotary, compressors zisanzwe zihuza zifite ubwoko bwa crankshaft connecting rod na piston axial, compressors zisanzwe zihuza zifite ubwoko bwa rotary vane na scroll.
Compressor y'icyuma gikurura imigozi n'icyuma gihuza
Uburyo iyi kompreseri ikora bushobora kugabanywamo ibintu bine, ari byo gukanda, gusohora umwuka, kwaguka, no gukurura. Iyo crankshaft izunguruka, piston itwarwa n'inkoni ihuza kugira ngo ihuze, kandi ingano y'imikorere igizwe n'urukuta rw'imbere rwa silinda, umutwe wa silinda n'ubuso bwo hejuru bwa piston bizahinduka buri gihe, bityo bikagira uruhare mu gukanda no gutwara firigo muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Compressor ihuza inkoni ya crankshaft ni kompreseri yo mu gisekuru cya mbere, ikoreshwa cyane, ikoranabuhanga ryo mu nganda rikuze, imiterere yoroshye, n'ibisabwa bike mu gutunganya ibikoresho n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya, kandi ihendutse cyane. Ishobora guhinduka neza, ishobora guhuza n'ibikenewe bitandukanye by'umuvuduko n'ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha, ikanabungabunga neza.
Ariko, compressor y'icyuma gihuza crankshaft ifite n'ibibi bimwe na bimwe bigaragara, nko kudashobora kugera ku muvuduko wo hejuru, imashini ni nini kandi iremereye, kandi ntibyoroshye kuyigeraho yoroheje. Imodoka isohora umwuka ntikomeza, umwuka utemba ukunda guhinduka, kandi habaho guhindagura gukomeye iyo ikora.
Bitewe n'imiterere yavuzwe haruguru ya compressor ya crankshaft link, hari compressor nke nto zikoresha iyi miterere, kandi compressor ya crankshaft link ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu nini ikoresha ibyuma bikonjesha bisi n'amakamyo.
Kompreseri ya piston ifite umurongo ugororotse
Compressors za piston zo mu bwoko bwa axial zishobora kwitwa kompanyi zo mu bwoko bwa kabiri, plaque isanzwe yo gusimbuka cyangwa compressors za plate zishingiye ku ruhande, ari na zo zikoreshwa cyane muri compressors zikoresha umwuka ushyushye mu modoka. Ibice by'ingenzi bya compressor ya plate ishingiye ku ruhande ni umugozi mukuru n'agace kari ku ruhande. Buri cylinder ishyizwe mu ruziga rwo hagati rwa compressor spindle, kandi icyerekezo cy'ingendo za piston kiba gihuye n'agace ka compressor spindle. Compressors nyinshi za plate zishingiye ku ruhande zikozwe muri piston zifite imitwe ibiri, nka compressors za axial 6-silinda, hanyuma silindiri 3 imbere ya compressor, izindi silindiri 3 inyuma ya compressor. Piston zifite imitwe ibiri zigenda muri silindiri zihanganye, piston imwe ikanda umwuka ushyushye muri silindiri y'imbere, naho piston indi ikurura umwuka ushyushye muri silindiri y'inyuma. Buri cylinder ifite valve ifite umuvuduko mwinshi kandi muto, kandi umuyoboro w'umuvuduko mwinshi ukoreshwa mu guhuza icyumba cy'umuvuduko mwinshi imbere n'inyuma. Isahani ihengamye ifatanye na silinda ya compressor, kandi inkombe y'isahani ihengamye ishyirwa mu mwobo uri hagati ya piston, kandi umuyoboro wa piston n'inkombe y'isahani ihengamye bishyigikiwe n'ibyuma bitera imipira. Iyo silinda izunguruka, isahani ihengamye nayo irazunguruka, kandi inkombe y'isahani ihengamye isunika piston kugira ngo ihuze neza. Iyo isahani ihengamye izunguruka rimwe, piston ebyiri mbere na nyuma ya buri imwe zirangiza uruhererekane rwo gukanda, gusohora, kwaguka no gukurura, bingana na silindiri ebyiri. Iyo ari compressor ya silindiri 6 ihengamye, silindiri 3 na piston 3 zifite imitwe ibiri zikwirakwizwa ku gice cya silindiri, kandi iyo silinda izunguruka rimwe, bingana n'uruhare rwa silindiri 6.
Compressor zo mu bwoko bwa "aligned plate compressors" zoroshye kuzikoresha mu buryo buciriritse kandi zoroshye, kandi zishobora gukora vuba cyane. Imiterere yazo ni nto, imikorere yayo irakomeye kandi yizewe bituma ikoreshwa cyane mu gukonjesha umwuka mu modoka nyuma yo gukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kugenzura uburyo bwo kuzimura.
Compressor ifite imashini izunguruka
Imiterere ya silinda ya compressor ifite uruziga kandi imeze nk'uruziga. Muri silinda ifite uruziga, igice kinini cya rotor gifite imiterere idasanzwe hagati ya silinda, ku buryo rotor iba yegereye aho ikura n'aho isohora umwuka ku buso bw'imbere bwa silinda. Muri silinda ifite uruziga, umurongo mukuru wa rotor uhura n'aho hagati ya ellipse. Ibyuma biri kuri rotor bigabanya silinda mo imyanya myinshi, kandi iyo spindle itumye rotor izenguruka icyumweru kimwe, ingano y'iyi myanya ihora ihinduka, kandi umwuka ushyushya na wo uhinduka mu bunini n'ubushyuhe muri iyi myanya. Compressor zifite uruziga nta mashini zishyushya zikora, kuko ibyuma bishobora kurangiza akazi ko gukurura no gukanda icyuma gishyushya. Niba hari ibyuma 2, hari inzira ebyiri zo gusohora umwuka kuri buri ruziga. Uko ibyuma byinshi bihinduka, niko ihindagurika ry'imyotsi ya compressor rigabanuka.
Nk’umugereka wa gatatu, kubera ko ingano n’uburemere bya kompresenta ya rotary vane bishobora kuba bito, byoroshye gutondekwa mu kazu gato ka moteri, hamwe n’urusaku ruto n’ingufu nyinshi zo gukora neza, yanakoreshejwe muri sisitemu zo gukonjesha umwuka w’imodoka. Ariko, kompresenta ya rotary vane ine isaba uburyo bwo gutunganya neza no guhenda cyane mu gukora.
Kompressor yo kuzunguruka
Iyi compressor ishobora kwitwa compressor y'igisekuru cya kane. Imiterere ya compressor yo gusimbuza igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: ubwoko buhinduka n'ubuhinduka n'ubwoko bwa double revolution. Turbine ihinduka cyane niyo ikoreshwa cyane, kandi ibice byayo bikora ahanini bigizwe na turbine ihinduka n'ihindagurika. Imiterere ya turbine ihinduka n'ihindagurika irasa cyane, byombi bigizwe n'amapine y'impera n'amenyo ya vortex asohoka ku mapine y'impera, kandi imiterere n'itandukaniro hagati yabyo ni 180°. Turbine ihinduka ihoraho, mu gihe turbine ihinduka itwarwa n'umugozi uhindagurika uhindagurika ukoresheje uburyo bwihariye bwo kurwanya kuzunguruka. Nta kuzunguruka, ahubwo ni revolution gusa. Compressor zo gusimbuza zifite ibyiza byinshi. Urugero, compressor ni nto kandi yoroheje mu buremere, kandi umugozi uhindagurika uyobora turbine igenda ushobora kuzunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi. Kubera ko nta valve yo gukurura na valve yo gusohora, compressor zo gusimbuza zikora neza, kandi biroroshye kugera ku muvuduko uhindagurika n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kwimura ibintu bitandukanye. Iyo ibyumba byinshi byo gusimbuza bikorera icyarimwe, itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko wa gazi hagati y'ibyumba byo gusimbuza biri hafi ni rito, gusohoka kwa gazi ni guto, kandi ubushobozi bw'ubwinshi bw'amazi ni bwinshi. Compressor yo kuzunguruka (Scroll compressor) yagiye ikoreshwa cyane mu bijyanye no gukonjesha gato kubera ibyiza byayo by’imiterere mito, imikorere myiza no kuzigama ingufu, kudahinda no guhindagurika kw’urusaku, ndetse no kwizerana, bityo ikaba imwe mu nzira nyamukuru zo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya compressor.
Compressor y'imodoka ntikora neza uburyo bwo kuyisana
Ikibazo cy'uko compressor y'imodoka idakonjesha gishobora gukosorwa hakoreshejwe intambwe zikurikira:
Reba sisitemu yo gukonjesha: Banza urebe sisitemu yo gukonjesha niba hari aho amazi yamenetse cyangwa yazibye. Iyo mfuruka ishobora gukemurwa no kongeramo icyuma gikonjesha kugira ngo hamenyekane aho amazi yamenetse no gusukura cyangwa gusimbuza icyuma gikonjesha.
Reba compressor: Niba sisitemu yo gukonjesha ari isanzwe ariko ingaruka zo gukonjesha zikaba zikiri mbi, ni ngombwa kugenzura imikorere ya compressor. Iyo compressor igaragaye ko ifite ikibazo, igomba gusanwa cyangwa gusimbuzwa.
Genzura umufana: Niba sisitemu yo gukonjesha na kompreseri bikora neza, ariko ingaruka zo gukonjesha zikaba mbi, ugomba kugenzura niba umufana akora neza. Niba umufana afite ikibazo, kosora cyangwa usimbuze.
Gusana buri gihe: Kugira ngo icyuma gikonjesha imodoka gikomeze gukora neza, ni byiza ko buri gihe hakorwa isuku no kubungabunga sisitemu y'ikirere gikonjesha imodoka, harimo gusukura icyuma gikonjesha, gusimbuza akayunguruzo, nibindi.
Reba umukandara wa compressor: Niba umukandara urekuye cyane, ugomba guhindurwa. Reba niba umuyoboro w'icyuma gikonjesha ufite ibizinga by'amavuta. Niba hagaragaye aho amazi aturuka, jya mu ishami rishinzwe kubungabunga kugira ngo ubikemure ku gihe.
Sukura konderi: Gusukura ubuso bwa konderi buri gihe bishobora kunoza cyane ingaruka zo gukonjesha kwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha.
Genzura urwego rwa firigo: Menya urwego rwa firigo wifashishije itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'umuyoboro winjiriramo n'umuyoboro usohoka w'icyuma cyumisha cyangwa ukoresheje icyuma gipima umuvuduko wa manifold.
Reba module igenzura icyuma gikonjesha: Niba module igenzura icyuma gikonjesha ifite ikibazo, icyuma gikonjesha gishobora kudakonja. Reba imiterere yacyo kugira ngo umenye niba gikeneye gusanwa cyangwa gusimburwa.
Iyo compressor yangiritse cyane, ushobora gukenera gusimbuza compressor ako kanya. Mu gihe cyo kuyisana, iyo clutch ya electromagnetic ya compressor yangiritse, clutch ya electromagnetic ishobora gusimburwa ukwayo, cyangwa compressor nshya igasimburwa. Byongeye kandi, kuyisana no kuyigenzura buri gihe ni ingamba y'ingenzi yo gukumira no gukemura ikibazo cy'uko icyuma gikonjesha imodoka kidakonjesha.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha ibice by'imodoka bya MG & MAUXS.
