Inzira eshatu.
Inzira eshatu zisobanura guhindura imyuka yangiza nka CO, HC na NOx iva mumodoka ikabamo dioxyde de carbone itagira ingaruka, amazi na azote binyuze muri okiside no kugabanuka. Igice cyabatwara igice cyinzira eshatu ni igice cyibikoresho bya ceramic, byashyizwe mumiyoboro idasanzwe. Yitwa umwikorezi kuko itagira uruhare mubikorwa bya catalitiki ubwayo, ahubwo itwikiriwe nigitereko cyamabuye y'agaciro nka platine, rhodium, palladium nubutaka budasanzwe. Nibikoresho byingenzi byo kweza hanze byashyizwe muri sisitemu yo gusohora imodoka.
Ihame ryakazi ryuburyo butatu bwa catalitike ihindura ni: mugihe umuyaga mwinshi wubushyuhe bwo mumodoka unyuze mubikoresho bisukura, isuku mumashanyarazi atatu ya catalitike ihindura ibikorwa bya gaze eshatu CO, hydrocarbone na NOx, kandi ikazateza imbere kugirango habeho imyuka mibi ya oxyde-oxyde, aho CO ihindurwamo gaze ya gaze karuboni idafite ibara; Hydrocarbone ihindurwamo amazi (H2O) na dioxyde de carbone ku bushyuhe bwinshi; NOx yagabanutse kuri azote na ogisijeni. Imyuka itatu yangiza ihinduka imyuka itagira ingaruka, kugirango umwuka wimodoka ushobora kwezwa. Dufate ko hakiri ogisijeni iboneka, igipimo cya peteroli yo mu kirere irumvikana.
Kubera ko lisansi irimo sulfure, fosifore hamwe na antiknock agent MMT irimo manganese, ibyo bikoresho bigize imiti bizakora uruganda rukora imiti hejuru ya sensor ya ogisijeni ndetse no mumashanyarazi atatu ya catalitike ihindura hamwe na gaze ya gaze isohoka nyuma yo gutwikwa. Byongeye kandi, bitewe nubushoferi bubi bwo gutwara, cyangwa gutwara igihe kirekire mumihanda yuzuye, moteri ikunze kuba mumuriro utuzuye, bizatera karubone mumashanyarazi ya ogisijeni hamwe na catalitike yinzira eshatu. Byongeye kandi, uduce twinshi tw’igihugu dukoresha lisansi ya Ethanol, ifite akamaro gakomeye ko gukora isuku, izahanagura umwanda mu cyumba cyaka ariko ntishobora kubora no gutwikwa, bityo hamwe n’imyuka ya gaze isohoka, iyi myanda nayo izashyirwa hejuru y’icyuma cya ogisijeni hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’inzira eshatu. Biterwa nimpamvu nyinshi zuko nyuma yimodoka imaze gutwarwa mugihe runaka, usibye kwirundanya kwa karubone mumatara yo gufata no gutwika, bizanatera sensor ya ogisijeni hamwe nuburozi butatu bwangiza uburozi, catalizeri yinzira eshatu zifunga hamwe na valve ya EGR ihagarikwa nubutaka hamwe nibindi byananiranye, bigatuma ingufu za moteri zidasanzwe, kugabanuka kwamashanyarazi no kugabanuka.
Imikorere isanzwe ya moteri igarukira gusa kubikorwa byibanze byo gusiga amavuta, sisitemu yo gufata hamwe na sisitemu yo gutanga lisansi, ariko ntishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byuzuye byo kubungabunga amavuta ya kijyambere, uburyo bwo gufata, sisitemu yo gutanga lisansi na sisitemu yo gusohora, cyane cyane ibisabwa byo kubungabunga imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Kubwibyo, niyo ikinyabiziga kibungabunzwe mubisanzwe igihe kirekire, biragoye kwirinda ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru.
Mu rwego rwo gukemura ibibazo byananiranye, ingamba zafashwe n’inganda zita ku busanzwe ni ugusimbuza ibyuma bya ogisijeni hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’inzira eshatu, ariko kubera ikibazo cy’ibiciro byo gusimbuza, amakimbirane hagati y’ibigo byita ku bakiriya arakomeza. By'umwihariko, ibyo byuma bya ogisijeni hamwe na catisale eshatu zidasimbuwe n'ubuzima bwabo bw'ingirakamaro akenshi usanga byibandwaho mu makimbirane, ndetse abakiriya benshi ndetse bavuga ko ikibazo ari ubwiza bw'imodoka.
Mu rwego rwo gukemura iki kibazo cy’umutwe kandi bigoye gukemura ikibazo cy’inganda zikora ibinyabiziga, inganda zita ku mirimo, ishami rishinzwe kubungabunga ibidukikije n’ishami rishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije, ibigo by’ubushakashatsi by’ubushakashatsi byakoze ubushakashatsi kandi bishyiraho uburyo bushya bw’uburyo bwa tekiniki bwo gufata neza moteri n’ikoranabuhanga ku nenge z’uburyo busanzwe bwo gufata neza moteri.
Ibiri muri ubu buhanga bushya ni: mugihe ukora ibikorwa byo kwita kubakiriya buri gihe, usibye gusimbuza amavuta no gufata neza muyungurura, hongerwaho isuku no gufata neza inzira eshatu za catalitiki ihindura. Ibiranga tekinike ni: Ihuriro ry’ibinyabuzima "Kugenzura no kugenzura ibintu byifashishwa mu kugenzura ibinyabiziga" hamwe n’uburyo busanzwe bwo kubungabunga moteri kugira ngo huzuzwe uburyo bwa moteri isanzwe yo kubungabunga ibidukikije ntibishobora kuba byujuje ibisabwa by’inenge zigezweho zo gufata neza moteri, igisubizo cyoroshye ku kibazo cy’imikorere idasanzwe ya sisitemu yo kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya moteri yo kurengera ibidukikije izahindurwa hagamijwe gukumira ibikorwa bidasanzwe bya sisitemu yo kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya ibidukikije.
1, niba haribintu byangiritse, gucumura bishyushye, ibirometero birenga 200.000, uburozi bwangiza, ingaruka zo gukora isuku ntabwo ari nini.
2, nka moteri hagati yisuku, hita uhagarika moteri nibikoresho bihuza hose, hanyuma ufunge valve itemba. Ongera utangire moteri, idakora neza, irashobora guhuzwa kandi igahinduka.
3, reba niba imvange yibanze ikwiye kugirango umenye neza ko amazi ashobora guhumeka mu gihu.
4, gusukura ibice bitatu bigomba gusukurwa nyuma ya trottle, nozzle ya lisansi nicyumba cyaka.
5, mugihe cyogusukura, umuvuduko wubusa ntugomba kuba mwinshi kugirango wirinde gushyuha cyane muburyo butatu bwo guhindura ibintu.
6, ntugaterere amazi yisuku kumarangi yimodoka.
7, ikibanza cyakazi kure yumuriro, kora akazi keza ko gupima umuriro.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi ngingo kururu rubuga!
Nyamuneka uduhamagarire niba ukeneye ibicuruzwa nkibi.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG & MAUXS ibice byimodoka ikaze kugura.
