Impeta ya piston.
Impeta ya piston ikoreshwa mu gushyiramo umuyoboro wa piston imbere mu mpeta y'icyuma, impeta ya piston igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: impeta yo gukanda n'impeta y'amavuta. Impeta yo gukanda ishobora gukoreshwa mu gufunga umwuka uvanze mu cyumba cyo gutwika; Impeta y'amavuta ikoreshwa mu gukurura amavuta arenze kuri silinda. Impeta ya piston ni ubwoko bw'impeta y'icyuma ifite ubugari bunini bwo kwaguka inyuma, iteranyirizwa mu mwirondoro n'umuyoboro wayo ujyanye. Impeta za piston zisubiranamo kandi zizunguruka zishingira ku itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko wa gaze cyangwa amazi kugira ngo zikore agapfundikizo hagati y'uruziga rw'inyuma rw'impeta na silinda n'uruhande rumwe rw'impeta n'umuyoboro w'impeta.
Ingano y'ikoreshwa
Impeta za piston zikoreshwa cyane mu mashini zitandukanye zikoresha ingufu, nka moteri zikoresha umwuka ushyushye, moteri za mazutu, moteri za lisansi, compressors, hydraulic presses, nibindi, zikoreshwa cyane mu modoka, gari ya moshi, amato, ubwato nibindi. Muri rusange, impeta ya piston ishyirwa mu mwobo w'impeta ya piston, kandi iyo na piston, liner ya silinda, umutwe wa silinda n'ibindi bice by'icyumba kugira ngo bikore akazi.
Impeta ya piston ni igice cy'ingenzi kiri muri moteri ya lisansi, iyo na silinda, piston, urukuta rwa silinda hamwe kugira ngo byuzuze ifunga rya gaze ya lisansi. Moteri zikoreshwa cyane zifite ubwoko bubiri bwa moteri za mazutu na lisansi, bitewe n'imikorere yazo itandukanye ya lisansi, ikoreshwa ry'impeta za piston ntabwo ari rimwe, impeta za piston za mbere zikorwa hakoreshejwe gusuka, ariko bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, impeta za piston zikomeye zavutse, kandi hamwe n'imikorere ya moteri, ibisabwa mu bidukikije bikomeje gutera imbere, uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya ubuso, nko gutera ubushyuhe, gukoresha electroplating, gukoresha chrome, nibindi. Gukoresha gaz nitriding, gushyiramo physical, gusiga hejuru, kuvurwa na zinc manganese fosfati, nibindi, binoza cyane imikorere ya piston.
Imirimo yo gufunga icyuma cya piston irimo gufunga, kugenzura amavuta (kugenzura amavuta), kuyobora ubushyuhe (kohereza ubushyuhe), kuyobora (gushyigikira) inshingano enye. Gufunga: bivuga gufunga gazi, ntureke ngo gazi yo mu cyumba cyo gutwika ijye mu gikapu, gusohora gazi bigenzurwa byibuze, binoze imikorere myiza y'ubushyuhe. Gusohoka k'umwuka ntibizagabanya gusa imbaraga za moteri, ahubwo bizanatuma amavuta yangirika, ari na yo nshingano nyamukuru y'icyuma cya gaze; Guhindura amavuta (kugenzura amavuta): amavuta menshi yo gusiga ku rukuta rwa silinda arakurwaho, kandi urukuta rwa silinda rutwikiriwe n'agapira gato k'amavuta kugira ngo silinda na piston n'impeta bikomeze gushonga, ari na yo nshingano nyamukuru y'icyuma cya peteroli. Muri moteri zigezweho zihuta cyane, hitabwa cyane ku ruhare rwa filime y'amavuta yo kugenzura icyuma cya piston; Gutwara ubushyuhe: ubushyuhe bwa piston bwoherezwa mu gice cya silinda binyuze mu mpeta ya piston, ni ukuvuga ingaruka zo gukonjesha. Dukurikije amakuru yizewe, 70 ~ 80% by'ubushyuhe bwakirwa n'agace ka piston kadakonjeshejwe gakwirakwizwa binyuze mu mpeta ya piston kugera ku rukuta rwa silindiri, naho 30 ~ 40% bya piston ikonjeshwa bigakwirakwizwa binyuze mu mpeta ya piston kugera ku rukuta rwa silindiri; Inkunga: Impeta ya piston igumana piston muri silindiri, ikarinda ko piston ihura neza n'urukuta rwa silindiri, ikarinda ko piston igenda neza, ikagabanya ubukana bwo gukururana, kandi ikabuza piston kugwa kuri silindiri. Muri rusange, piston ya moteri ya lisansi ikoresha impeta ebyiri za gazi n'impeta imwe ya peteroli, mu gihe moteri ya mazutu ikoresha impeta ebyiri za peteroli n'impeta imwe ya gazi.
Ibimenyetso byiza n'ibibi
Ubuso bw'impeta ya piston ntibugomba kugira uduce duto, imishwanyagurike, gushwanyagurika, silindari yo hanze n'inyuma yo hejuru n'iyo hepfo bigomba kugira iherezo rihoraho, ihindagurika ry'impeta ntirigomba kurenza mm 0.02-0.04, ubugari bw'impeta mu mwobo ntibugomba kurenza mm 0.15-0.25, kandi uburebure n'ubugari bw'impeta ya piston byujuje ibisabwa. Byongeye kandi, tugomba kandi kugenzura uko impeta ya piston isohoka, ni ukuvuga ko impeta ya piston iri mu cyuma, dushyire itara rito munsi y'impeta ya piston, dushyireho ecran y'urumuri hejuru, hanyuma tukareba icyuho cy'urumuri hagati y'impeta ya piston n'urukuta rwa silinda, bigaragaza niba aho impeta ya piston n'urukuta rwa silinda bihurira ari byiza. Mu bihe bisanzwe, umugozi w'urumuri rw'impeta ya piston upimwe hakoreshejwe igipimo cy'ubugari ntugomba kurenza mm 0.03. Uburebure bw'umugozi w'urumuri rudashira ntibugomba kurenza 1/3 cy'umurambararo wa silindiri, uburebure bw'icyuho cy'urumuri rudashira ntibugomba kurenza 1/3 cy'umurambararo wa silindiri, kandi uburebure bwose bw'icyuho cy'urumuri rudashira ntibugomba kurenza 1/2 cy'umurambararo wa silindiri, bitabaye ibyo, bugomba gusimburwa. Ikimenyetso cya piston ring GB/T 1149.1-94 kivuga ko impeta zose za piston zikenewe kugira ngo zigire icyerekezo cyo gushyiraho zigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso ku ruhande rwo hejuru, ni ukuvuga ku ruhande rwegereye icyumba cyo gutwika. Impeta zashyizweho ikimenyetso ku ruhande rwo hejuru zirimo: impeta y'inyuma, impeta y'imbere, impeta y'ameza yo gukata inyuma, impeta y'izuru, impeta y'impeta n'impeta y'amavuta bisaba icyerekezo cyo gushyiraho, kandi uruhande rwo hejuru rw'impeta rushyizweho ikimenyetso.
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Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
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