Gufungura no gufunga imodoka ni iki?
Ubusanzwe, imodoka igizwe n'ibice bine: moteri, shasi, umubiri n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi.
Moteri ifite inshingano yo gutwika lisansi ishyirwamo kugira ngo itange ingufu. Imodoka nyinshi zikoresha moteri yo gutwika imbere mu buryo bwa plug, muri rusange igizwe n'umubiri, uburyo bwo guhuza crank, uburyo bwa valve, uburyo bwo gutanga, uburyo bwo gukonjesha, uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta, uburyo bwo gutwika (moteri ya lisansi), uburyo bwo gutangiza n'ibindi bice.
Chassis, yakira imbaraga za moteri, ikora ingendo z'imodoka kandi igatuma imodoka ikomeza kugenda hakurikijwe uko umushoferi ayigenzura. Chassis igizwe n'ibi bikurikira: Umuyoboro w'imodoka - Ihererekanya ry'imbaraga ziva kuri moteri zijya ku biziga biyiyobora.
Sisitemu yo gutwara imodoka irimo clutch, transmission, transmission shaft, drive axle n'ibindi bice. Sisitemu yo gutwara imodoka - Iteranya ry'imodoka n'ibice byayo bihujwe mu gice cyose kandi bigira uruhare runini ku modoka yose kugira ngo imodoka ikore neza.
Sisitemu yo kuyobora irimo imiterere y'imodoka, umutambiko w'imbere, aho umutambiko w'imodoka ukorera, amapine (umutambiko w'imodoka n'umutambiko w'imodoka), icyuma gihagarika imodoka n'ibindi bice. Sisitemu yo kuyobora imodoka - igenzura ko imodoka ishobora kugenda mu cyerekezo umuyobozi yahisemo. Igizwe n'icyuma giyobora imodoka gifite icyuma giyobora imodoka n'igikoresho cyo kohereza ubutumwa.
Ibikoresho bya feri - bigabanya cyangwa bihagarika imodoka kandi bikareba ko imodoka ihagarara neza nyuma y'uko umushoferi avuye aho hantu. Ibikoresho bya feri bya buri modoka birimo sisitemu nyinshi zigenga zo gufunga, buri sisitemu ya feri igizwe n'icyuma gitanga umuriro w'amashanyarazi, icyuma gigenzura, icyuma gikwirakwiza amashanyarazi na feri.
Imodoka ni ahantu umushoferi akorera, ariko kandi ni ahantu ho gupakira abagenzi n'imizigo. Imodoka igomba gutanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora ku mushoferi, no gutanga ahantu heza kandi hatekanye ku bagenzi cyangwa kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byose biri mu buryo butunganye.
Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bigizwe n'itsinda ry'amashanyarazi, sisitemu yo gutangiza moteri n'uburyo bwo gucana, amatara y'imodoka n'ibikoresho by'amatangazo, nibindi. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga nka microprocessors, sisitemu zo hagati za mudasobwa n'ibikoresho by'ubuhanga bw'ubukorano bishyirwa mu modoka zigezweho.
