Inshingano y'ingenzi y'uburyo bwo kugenzura imodoka itangiza imodoka
Nk'"aho imodoka ikorera" muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, module yo kugenzura imodoka itangira gukora ikora nk'umuyoboro w'ingenzi uhuza amabwiriza y'umushoferi n'imikorere ya moteri. Imirimo yayo ikubiyemo kugenzura ingufu, kurinda umutekano, no gucunga neza ibintu bitandukanye.
Ukurikije uburyo ingufu zisohoka, module igenzura moteri (ECU) ihuza amakuru aturuka mu bice nka sensors zo mu mwanya wa crankshaft na sensors z'umuvuduko w'umwuka kugira ngo ihindure neza ubugari bw'ingufu ziterwa na lisansi n'inguni y'ingufu hamwe n'umuvuduko wo gusubiza ku rwego rwa milisegonda. Mu bihe byihutirwa, ECU izongerera icyarimwe ingano y'ikoreshwa rya lisansi kandi izamure igihe cyo gushya, yongera imbaraga ku kigero cya 15%-25%; mu bihe bidakora, igumana igipimo cyiza cy'umwuka na lisansi cya 14.7:1 binyuze mu kugenzura closed-loop, igenzura imikorere ihamye ya moteri mu gihe yongera 8%-12%. Module igenzura umuriro (ICM), nk'imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi, igenzura neza uruziga rw'ibanze rwa coil ishyushya hashingiwe ku mabwiriza ya ECU, ikora amashanyarazi afite ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo itange ingufu kuri spark plug, ikora nk'igikoresho cyo gusohora umuriro mu buryo butaziguye.
Igikorwa cyo kurinda umutekano ni ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi cya module yo kugenzura imikorere y'imodoka. Iyo ibonye amakosa ya sensor, icikagurika, cyangwa ibindi bintu bidasanzwe, ECU ihita ibika kode y'ikosa hanyuma igatangira itara ry'uburinzi rya dashboard. Mu bihe bikomeye, izakoresha uburyo bwo gucumbagira kugira ngo igabanye ingufu zisohoka, hirindwe ko moteri yangirika kurushaho. Module yo kugenzura imikorere y'imodoka (BCM) ikoresha umuyoboro wa CAN kugira ngo igere ku burinzi buhuriweho bw'uburyo bwo gutangiza imikorere y'imodoka. Iyo umuvuduko w'imodoka ugeze kuri kilometero 10 ku isaha, ifunga inzugi mu buryo bwikora, igatera inzogera zumvikana n'izigaragara mu gihe habayeho kwinjira mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko, ndetse ikabuza gutangira imikorere y'imodoka mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko binyuze muri sisitemu yo kurwanya ubujura bwa moteri. Byongeye kandi, module yo kugenzura imikorere y'imodoka ifite ubushobozi bwo gucunga ingufu, ihuza ingufu z'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bisanzwe bikwirakwizwa, igabanya umubare w'insinga z'amashanyarazi ku kigero kirenga 40%, igabanya ibyago byo kwangirika no gusaza, kandi inoza imikorere myiza yo kubungabunga.
Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'ikosa rya module yo kugenzura imikorere y'ikigo
Uko imodoka igenda isaza, module yo kugenzura imikorere y’imodoka ishobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye bitewe no gusaza kw’ibice cyangwa ibibazo by’insinga, ahanini bikagaragara mu bwoko butatu: gutangira ku buryo budasanzwe, ihindagurika ry’ingufu, n’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu ridasanzwe.
Ikigaragara cyane ni ukunanirwa gutangira. Iyo module y'ingufu inaniwe, izananirwa kugenzura neza igihe cyo gutwika, bigatera ingorane mu gutangira moteri cyangwa ndetse no kudashobora kwaka burundu. Iyo ECU ifite ikibazo cy'amashanyarazi cyangwa kwangirika k'ubwonko, bizatuma amabwiriza yo gutwika no gutera lisansi ananirwa, bigatuma sisitemu yo gutwika ihagarara burundu. Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bushobora kugira ibibazo byo gutangira bitewe n'inanirwa ry'itumanaho rya CAN, nka kode y'ikosa ya P00A8 igaragaza ko ikimenyetso cyo kohereza imodoka kidakora neza, bigatuma relay yo gutwika imodoka inanirwa kwakira amabwiriza ya ECU.
Ihindagurika ry'ingufu ni ikimenyetso cyihishe cy'ikosa. Ingufu zo gutwika zidakora neza zitera umuriro udahagije, bigatuma ingufu zidahagije mu gihe cy'imikorere y'ikinyabiziga, umuvuduko udakora neza, ndetse no gutinda kw'umuvuduko w'ingufu ugabanukaho amasegonda 0.5-1; mu gihe nta kintu kigenda, moteri nayo izagira ingaruka ku gutitira rimwe na rimwe, kandi mu bihe bikomeye, izahita izima. Amakuru adasanzwe ya sensor ya ECU ashobora no guteza ikibazo cy'ingufu, urugero, guhindagurika kw'ikimenyetso cya sensor y'umwuka bizatuma habaho kubara nabi ikoreshwa rya lisansi, bigatera ikibazo cy'ingufu mu gihe cy'impinduka z'umuzigo.
Ingufu zidasanzwe n'imyuka ihumanya ikirere ni ingaruka zikomoka ku ikosa. Ingufu zidasanzwe zizatuma umuriro udatunganywa neza, zikongera ikoreshwa rya lisansi ku kigero cya 10%-15%, kandi zigatuma monoxide ya karuboni na hydrocarbon ihumanya ikirere birenga urugero inshuro 2-3. Niba ECU igeze mu buryo bwo gucumbagira, izakomeza gukora by'ibanze igabanya ingano y'ibikomoka kuri lisansi, nubwo ishobora gukumira kwangirika kwa moteri, izongera kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa rya lisansi, kandi muri zimwe muri moderi, ikoreshwa rya lisansi rishobora no kwikuba kabiri.
Ingamba zo gusuzuma amakosa n'uburyo bwo kuyakemura
Mu gihe uhuye n'ibibazo bya module yo kugenzura itangira, hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo mu buryo butandukanye buhuza isesengura ry'amakosa, kumenya ibimenyetso, no gupima ibice. Mu gusuzuma umwuga, icyerekezo cy'ikibazo kibanza kugaragazwa no gusoma amakosa binyuze muri OBD-II. Amakode P0351-P0358 yerekana neza ikosa rya module yo gushyushya, mu gihe P00A8 igaragaza itumanaho ridasanzwe rya CAN. Hanyuma, imiterere y'amashanyarazi y'ibanze ya module yo gushyushya iraboneka hakoreshejwe oscilloscope. Iyo imiterere y'amashanyarazi igaragaza urusaku cyangwa guhagarara, bishobora kwemezwa ko ibice by'imbere bya module byangiritse. Ku makosa ya ECU, ni ngombwa kugenzura neza niba voltage y'amashanyarazi iri mu rugero rusanzwe rwa 13.5-14.5V, kandi icyarimwe, ugasesengura niba hari ukunyura mu bimenyetso bya sensor binyuze mu isesengura ry'imiyoboro y'amakuru.
Mu gihe cyo gusana imodoka buri munsi, ba nyiri imodoka bashobora kwitondera ibintu bidasanzwe. Iyo imodoka itinze gutangira gukora amasegonda arenga 3, imbaraga zo guhindagura zirenze 50 rpm ku munota, cyangwa kwiyongera gutunguranye kw'ikoreshwa rya lisansi birenga 10%, ni ngombwa kujya ku kigo cy'inzobere mu gusuzuma. Mu gihe cyo gusana, ni ngombwa kumenya ko gusimbuza module yo gutwika bisaba gukoresha amavuta ya silicone atwara ubushyuhe bwinshi kugira ngo ubushyuhe bushire, kandi porogaramu ya ECU igomba gukoresha porogaramu ya mbere ihuye n'uruganda kugira ngo hirindwe amakosa ya kabiri aterwa no kudahuza neza kw'ibipimo. Byongeye kandi, gusukura buri gihe ububiko bwa karubone bwa sensor no kugenzura ubukomere bw'umuyoboro w'insinga bishobora kugabanya neza igipimo cy'amakosa muri module yo kugenzura gutangira. Inyandiko iri hejuru ikubiyemo neza imikorere y'ingenzi, amakosa asanzwe na gahunda zo gusubiza module yo kugenzura gutangira imodoka, ikubiyemo ibipimo bya tekiniki n'ibitekerezo by'ingirakamaro byo kubungabunga. Ishobora gutanga icyitegererezo ku bakozi bo kubungabunga imodoka no gufasha ba nyir'imodoka gusobanukirwa imiterere y'imikorere ya sisitemu yo gutangiza imodoka.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
