Amatara y'imodoka: "Amaso" yo kwirinda no gukemura ibibazo by'imodoka
Mu bice byinshi bigize imodoka, amatara y'imodoka ameze nk' "amaso" y'imodoka, akaba ari ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu kurinda umutekano w'imodoka. Ntabwo amurikira umushoferi umuhanda uri imbere gusa mu gihe cy'ijoro cyangwa ikirere kibi, ahubwo anatanga ibimenyetso byo gutwara imodoka ku bandi bakoresha umuhanda binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bw'amatara. Akamaro kayo karagaragara.
Akamaro k'ingenzi k'amatara y'imodoka
Akamaro k'ibanze k'amatara y'imodoka ni uguha umushoferi urumuri, bigatuma umuhanda ugaragara neza imbere ye mu gihe hatagaragara neza nko mu ijoro, nimugoroba, cyangwa mu gihe cy'imvura n'igihu. Imirasire y'urumuri ifite inguni ntoya ifite ubugari bwa metero 30 - 50, yibanda ku gice kiri imbere y'ikinyabiziga kandi ntitere urumuri ku bashoferi b'ibinyabiziga bataha, bigatuma aba meza yo gukoreshwa mu mihanda yo mu mujyi, iyo barenzeho, cyangwa iyo bakurikira hafi. Amatara yo ku manywa ashobora kandi kongera ubushobozi bw'imodoka bwo kubona ku manywa, bigatuma byorohera abandi bakoresha umuhanda kubona ikinyabiziga no gukumira impanuka.
Kohereza ibimenyetso, kuburira no kwirinda Uretse urumuri, amatara y'imbere afite n'umurimo w'ingenzi wo kuburira. Mu guhinduranya uburyo butandukanye bwo kumurika, abashoferi bashobora kugeza ibyo batwaye ku bindi binyabiziga n'abanyamaguru. Urugero, iyo barenzeho nijoro, gusimburana hagati y'imirasire miremire n'iy'epfo bishobora kuburira ikinyabiziga cyabanjirije icyo. Iyo ikinyabiziga cyangiritse kigahagarara by'agateganyo, gucana amatara y'impanuka (muri bimwe mu bikoresho, ibi bigerwaho no gucana amatara y'imbere byihuse) bishobora kuburira ibindi binyabiziga n'abanyamaguru, bigaragaza ko ikinyabiziga kiri mu mimerere idasanzwe kandi bikabasaba kwitonda. Mu gihe cy'imvura cyangwa igihu, gukoresha amatara y'imbere hamwe n'amatara y'igihu bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kubona no kugabanya ibyago byo guhura n'impanuka.
Kubahiriza amabwiriza, garanti y'umutekano Mu turere twinshi, amategeko agenga imodoka asobanura neza ko amatara agomba gucanwa nijoro cyangwa mu gihe hatagaragara neza. Ibi si ukugira ngo umushoferi ubwe agire umutekano mu gutwara imodoka gusa, ahubwo ni n'ingamba z'ingenzi zo kubungabunga umutekano w'imodoka. Kubahiriza amabwiriza agenga ikoreshwa ry'amatara bishobora kugabanya impanuka ziterwa no kutabona neza no guteza imbere ibidukikije bitwara neza.
Ibibazo bisanzwe n'uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo by'amatara y'imodoka
Nubwo amatara y'imbere yahoraga atunganywa neza mu miterere no mu nganda, amakosa atandukanye ashobora kubaho mu gihe kirekire akoreshwa, bigira ingaruka ku mutekano w'imodoka. Dore amwe mu makosa asanzwe n'uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo:
Amatara yo mu mutwe adakora neza. Impamvu nyamukuru zirimo: icya mbere, itara rishobora kwangirika, ryaba ari itara rya halogen (risanzwe rimara imyaka 2 - 3) cyangwa itara rya LED, rishobora guterwa no kwangirika kw'imigozi cyangwa kwangirika kw'imashini imbere. Ibi bibaye, reba uko itara rimeze; niba itara ryacitse cyangwa itara ry'umukara, risimbuze itara rifite imiterere imwe. Icya kabiri, itara rishobora kuba ryaracitse, bishobora no gutuma amatara adakora. Itara rikoresha amatara rifite imiterere yo kurinda, kandi iyo umuriro uri hejuru cyane (nko gukoresha itara rikoresha ingufu nyinshi mu guhindura), itara rishobora gucika kugira ngo ririnde imiterere. Muri iki gihe, shaka agasanduku ka firigo k'imodoka hanyuma urebe ibisobanuro biri mu gitabo cy'amabwiriza kugira ngo usimbuze itara rikoresha imiterere imwe. Byongeye kandi, amakosa yo gukoresha insinga (nk'imashini zifunguye, insinga zishaje n'izikoresha amashanyarazi make), amakosa yo guhindura cyangwa yo guhinduranya nabyo bishobora gutuma amatara adakora. Niba udashobora kubikemura ubwawe, ni byiza gushaka serivisi z'inzobere mu gusana.
Amatara yo hejuru araka kandi akazima. Ubusanzwe ikibazo giterwa no kudakora neza. Ubwa mbere, reba niba igice cy'inyuma cy'itara cyarangiritse cyangwa cyarangiritse; niba ari uko bimeze, sukura okiside cyangwa usimbuze itara; icyarimwe, reba niba fuse idafunguye cyangwa yarangiritse; niba ari uko bimeze, simbura fuse kugira ngo ikorerwe isuzuma. Niba imodoka ifite amatara yikora, sisitemu ishobora guhindura uburyo bw'urumuri bitewe n'isuzuma ritari ryo ry'icyuma gipima urumuri, bigatuma abantu bibeshya ko hari ikibazo. Muri ibyo bihe, ushobora guhindura uburyo bwo gukoresha intoki kugira ngo urebe niba amatara asubiye ku buryo busanzwe. Byongeye kandi, insinga zishaje n'amashanyarazi adahindagurika (nk'ibateri yangiritse cyangwa generateri idasanzwe) nabyo bishobora gutera ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi, bigatera urumuri rudahinduka. Ushobora gukoresha multimeter kugira ngo upime voltage idahindagurika ya bateri (igomba kuba ≥ 12.5V) n'amashanyarazi asohoka ya generateri (igomba guhagarara kuri 13.8 - 14.8V) nyuma yo gutangira. Niba voltage idahagije, ugomba gusana vuba sisitemu y'amashanyarazi.
Umucyo udahagije w'amatara y'imbere ushobora kugira ingaruka ku kureba k'umushoferi no kongera ibyago byo gutwara nijoro. Impamvu zishobora gutera harimo gusaza kw'amatara. Uko imodoka ikoreshwa, urumuri rw'amatara rugenda rugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Muri rusange, ni byiza gusimbuza amatara buri kilometero 50.000 cyangwa nyuma y'imyaka 2 ikoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, umwanda uri hejuru y'igipfundikizo cy'amatara na wo ushobora kugira ingaruka ku rumuri. Mu gihe cyo gutwara, igipfundikizo cy'amatara gishobora gutera amazi cyangwa ibyondo, kandi iyo kidasukuwe ku gihe, ubushobozi bwo guhamagara buzagabanukaho 50%. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gusukura igipfundikizo cy'amatara buri gihe. Hashobora kandi kuba hari amakosa mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi, nko kuba umuriro udahagije wa bateri cyangwa kwiyongera k'umurongo, bishobora gutuma umuriro udahagije kuri ayo matara no kugabanuka k'urumuri. Ugomba kugenzura uburyo bw'amashanyarazi kugira ngo urebe neza ko umuriro udahindagurika n'imirongo idakingiye.
Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kubungabunga amatara y'imbere buri gihe
Kugira ngo wongere igihe cyo kumara amatara y'imbere no kugabanya amakosa, ni ngombwa kuyabungabunga buri gihe. Ubwa mbere, genzura buri gihe imikorere y'amatara y'imbere, harimo niba amatara yegereye, azunguruka kure, n'amatara y'ibihu yamuritswe neza, ndetse niba icyerekezo cy'urumuri cyarahindukiye. Icya kabiri, komeza umupfundikizo w'itara usukuye kandi uwusukure buri gihe ukoresheje isuku yabugenewe kugira ngo wirinde ingaruka z'amabara ku rumuri. Byongeye kandi, ukurikije ibisabwa n'igitabo cy'amabwiriza cy'imodoka, simbura itara buri gihe. Ntutegereze kugeza igihe itara ryangiritse burundu mbere yo kurisimbuza kugira ngo umenye neza ko amatara ahora afite imikorere myiza y'urumuri. Ku modoka zifite amatara yikora, ugomba kandi kugenzura buri gihe niba itara rikora neza kugira ngo wirinde ko amatara akora nabi bitewe n'uko itara ryangiritse.
Amatara y'imbere y'imodoka ni garanti y'ingenzi yo kugira umutekano mu gutwara. Gusobanukirwa imikorere yayo, amakosa asanzwe, n'uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo, no kuyitunganya buri gihe bishobora gutuma "amaso" ahora amurika, bikaturinda umutekano mu ngendo zacu.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
