Inyigisho zo gukemura ibibazo no gusana amatara y'ibicu by'imbere mu modoka
Amatara y'imbere y'ibihu ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi cy'umutekano kirushaho gutuma umuntu abona neza mu muhanda mu gihe cy'ikirere kibi. Kwizerwa kwayo mu kazi bigira ingaruka ku mutekano w'imodoka. Iyo amatara y'imbere y'ibihu akoze nabi, dushobora gukurikiza ihame rya "tangira ku byoroshye ukomeze ku byoroshye, utangire ku byoroshye ukomeze ku byoroshye" kugira ngo dukemure ibibazo kandi dusane.
Ikosa Risanzwe n'Imanza z'Ibanze
Ikosa ry'amatara y'imbere ashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bune: kudatanga urumuri ku ruhande rumwe, impande zombi zidakora, kuzima cyangwa urumuri rudasanzwe nyuma yo kumurikirwa, no kudashobora kuzimya. Ikosa ritandukanye rikunze kugaragaza impamvu zitandukanye. Urugero, iyo itara ry'uruhande rumwe ritatanga urumuri, birashoboka ko itara ubwaryo rifite ikibazo; niba impande zombi z'amatara y'uruhande rumwe zanze icyarimwe, amahirwe yo gushonga kwa fuse aba menshi; kandi niba itara ry'uruhande ridashobora kuzimwa, bishobora guterwa n'ibibazo bya switch yo kugenzura, insinga, cyangwa relay.
Mbere yo gutangira gukemura ibibazo, tugomba kubanza gukora isuzuma ry’ibanze. Ubwa mbere, kwemeza neza niba igikorwa ari cyo, kureba neza ko icyuma gicana umuriro kiri mu mwanya wa "ON" cyangwa "ACC", kandi ko twacanye amatara y’imbere y’ibihu mu ntambwe zikwiye. Ubusanzwe, amatara y’imbere y’ibihu ashobora kumurikwa gusa iyo urumuri ruto cyangwa uburebure buriho. Hari ubwoko bufite n’urumuri rwerekana niba amatara y’ibihu arimo kwaka. Ubwa kabiri, reba ibyuma bireba. Reba igishushanyo mbonera cy’aho ibyuma bikwirakwizwa mu gasanduku k’imodoka hanyuma ushake ibyuma byanditseho "Itara ry’imbere ry’ibihu" cyangwa ibindi bisa nabyo, kandi urebe niba insinga z’icyuma ziri muri fizi zishongeshejwe.
Uburyo bwihariye bwo gukemura ibibazo no gusana amakosa
Ikosa ry'amatara
Itara ni ryo risanzwe ryambarwa cyane mu buryo bw'urumuri rw'imbere. Iyo itara ry'imbere ry'uruhande rumwe ritamuritse, 80% by'igihe riba ari ikibazo cy'itara. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kwangirika burimo gushonga kw'imigozi, impeta ya rubber ishaje igatuma amazi yinjira kandi igahagarika uruziga rw'amatara, cyangwa imyuka ya tungsten ifata ku rukuta rw'imbere ikagira ingaruka ku ihererekanya ry'urumuri. Uburyo bwo gusana: Ubwa mbere, menya neza umutekano uzimya imodoka, ukureho urufunguzo, hanyuma utegereze ko moteri ikonje. Hanyuma, bitewe n'icyitegererezo cy'imodoka, kuraho igipfundikizo cy'urumuri rw'ibihu cyangwa agakoresho k'itara. Ibipfundikizo by'urumuri rw'ibihu bya bamwe mu banyamideli bishobora gufungurwa inyuma, mu gihe ibindi bisaba gukuraho bimwe mu bipfundikizo by'imbere bya bumper mbere yo gukoresha imbere. Mu gihe usimbuza, koresha amatara yo mu bwoko bwa H8 cyangwa H11 ahuye n'ibipimo by'uruganda, komeza ibyuma bifatanye n'agakoresho k'itara bisukuye, kandi wirinde ibisigazwa by'amavuta bituma bitakora neza.
Gushonga kwa Fuse
Iyo amatara yombi y'imbere yabuze icyarimwe, banza urebe fuse. Fuse akenshi ziba ziri mu gasanduku ka fuse gashyirwamo moteri (byanditseho "FOG" cyangwa "Front Fog Light") cyangwa munsi ya dashboard yo ku ruhande rw'umushoferi. Impamvu yo gushonga akenshi iba ari ugutakaza umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi cyangwa umutwaro w'amashanyarazi w'igihe gito. Uburyo bwo gusana: Mu gihe usimbura, koresha fuse ifite amperage imwe (ubusanzwe 10 - 15A) kugira ngo wirinde gukoresha insinga z'umuringa, zishobora guteza ibibazo by'umutekano. Ariko, menya ko gushonga kwa fuse akenshi ari ikimenyetso cy'umuriro udasanzwe mu ruziga. Nyuma yo gusimbuza, ongera ugerageze niba yongeye gushonga, kandi niba ari uko bimeze, hakenewe ibindi gukemura ikibazo.
Imiyoboro idasanzwe y'insinga
Gushonga kw'insinga z'amashanyarazi n'aho hasi hadakoreshejwe neza ni amakosa asanzwe yihishe. Cyane cyane mu bidukikije bitose, aho ibyuma bihagarara mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi bikunze kurwara ingese y'icyatsi kibisi, bigatuma imbaraga ziyongera; aho hasi hadakoreshejwe irangi cyangwa vis bishobora no gutuma uruziga rudakora neza. Uburyo bwo gusana: Koresha impapuro ntoya zo gusiga irangi kugira ngo uhanagure vis, usukure vis ukoresheje icyuma gisukura cy'ikoranabuhanga, kandi ukomeze vis zo hasi ku rugero rwa torque (ubusanzwe 5 - 8N·m). Niba umupfundikizo w'insinga wangiritse, uzingire na kaseti irinda ubushyuhe cyangwa usimbuze umupfundikizo wose w'insinga.
Amakosa yo guhindura no gusubiza hamwe (Relay)
Gushira igihe kirekire kw'aho ibyuma bigenzura bifata umuriro bishobora gutuma ibyuma bihagarara nabi, kandi uruziga rw'aho bifata umuriro rushobora gufunga uruziga rw'amashanyarazi. Uburyo bwo gusana: Koresha uburyo bwo kugenzura imikorere ya multimeter kugira ngo ugerageze icyuma. Mu gihe ukanda icyuma, imbaraga zigomba kuba munsi ya 0.5Ω; bitabaye ibyo, usimbuze. Ikigo gisimbura icyuma gishobora kwemezwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusimbuza. Ni byiza guhitamo ibice by'umwimerere by'uruganda kugira ngo umenye neza ko bihuye n'uruziga rw'imodoka.
Ikosa rya Module yo Kugenzura Umubiri (BCM)
Niba itara ryerekana itara ry’urumuri rw’ibihu ritari ryaka kandi andi matara atari meza, rishobora kuba ari ikosa rya BCM. Kode z’ikosa (nka B1096 ku kibazo cyo kugenzura urujya n’uruza rw’urumuri rw’ibihu) zigomba gusomwa hakoreshejwe igikoresho cya OBD. Ubusanzwe, ibi biterwa no kwangirika kw’imikorere y’imbere mu buryo butari bwiza cyangwa porogaramu. Amakosa nk’ayo asaba ko akorwa n’abahanga kandi ashobora kuba arimo kuvugurura porogaramu cyangwa gusimbuza ihuriro rya BCM.
Ikibazo cy'urumuri rw'ibihu
Gupfuka amatara y'imbere y'ibihu nabyo ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara. Impamvu nyamukuru zirimo imvura yiyongera, itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe, ibibazo by'ibikoresho, ivumbi n'umwanda, nibindi. Uburyo bwo kubungabunga: Niba ari ugupfuka amatara bisanzwe, fungura amatara y'imbere mu gihe cy'iminota 15 - 30 hanyuma igihu kizashira uko ubushyuhe bw'imbere bugenda bwiyongera. Niba ari ugupfuka amatara ku buryo budasanzwe bitewe no kudakora neza kw'ipfuka, simbura agace gashaje ko gupfuka, sana aho amatara yamenetse cyangwa ongera ukoreshe uburyo bwo kuyapfuka. Kwirinda gukoresha nabi abantu bishobora kongera igihu, nko gukoresha imbunda z'amazi zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi kugira ngo woze neza icyuho cy'amatara, gutwara imodoka mu mazi menshi kurusha umurambararo w'ibiziga, cyangwa guparika imodoka muri gareji itose yo munsi y'ubutaka igihe kirekire.
Ingamba zo kwirinda kubungabungwa
Mu gihe usuzuma kandi ugasana ikosa ry'urumuri rw'ibihu, niba udafite ubumenyi buhagije mu by'amashanyarazi n'ubuhanga mu gusana imodoka, ni byiza kujya ku bakozi b'inzobere mu gusana imodoka kugira ngo barebe ko umutekano w'imodoka uhagaze neza. Mu gihe cyo gusana imodoka buri munsi, ugomba kandi kugenzura buri gihe uko ifunga n'uko insinga z'amatara zihagaze kugira ngo wirinde kugira ingaruka ku mutekano w'imodoka bitewe n'utunenge duto.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
