Igiteranyo cy'imodoka gifata amashanyarazi imbere ni iki?
Igikoresho cyo guteranya imodoka imbere ni igice cyuzuye gishyirwa muri sisitemu yo guhagarika imodoka imbere, ahanini gikoreshwa mu gukuramo no gukumira ingaruka zo mu muhanda, no kongera uburyohe n'ihumure mu gutwara imodoka. Si igice kimwe ahubwo ni sisitemu yo guteranya imodoka igizwe n'ibice byinshi bikora.
Ibice by'ingenzi
Iteraniro ry'imashini ifata umuriro imbere rigizwe n'ibi bikurikira by'ingenzi:
Umubiri Ufata Ihungabana: Igice cy'ingenzi, cyuzuyemo amavuta ya hydraulic, gitanga imbaraga zo guhumeka binyuze mu ngendo ya piston iri muri ayo mavuta, bigahindura ingufu zo guhindagura mo ingufu z'ubushyuhe no kuyasesa, bityo bigagabanya vuba guhindagura.
Impeshyi: Ishyigikira uburemere bw'ikinyabiziga kandi ikinjiza igice cy'imbaraga z'impanuka binyuze mu guhindura imiterere y'imodoka, ikorana n'icyuma gifata impanuka kugira ngo igere ku ngaruka zo gufunga.
Igipfundikizo cy'umukungugu: Kizunguruka ku cyuma gifata umuyaga n'isoko, kikarinda ivumbi, ibyondo n'amazi kwinjira no kurinda ibice by'imbere kwangirika no kwangirika, bigatuma ubuzima bwo gukora burushaho kuba bwiza.
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Isahani yo Gushyiraho Impeshyi: Itanga ubufasha buhamye n'aho iherereye, igenzura ko iguma mu mwanya wayo mu gihe cyo gukanda no gusubira inyuma.
Amapine n'Umupira wo hejuru: Amapine yemerera ihuriro ry'umupira wo hejuru kuzunguruka neza mu gihe cyo kuyobora; umupira wo hejuru (uzwi kandi nka pad y'umupira wo hejuru) uhuza umubiri w'ikinyabiziga n'umupira wo hejuru, ugatanga uburyo bwo gufunga, gufunga no kugabanya ubushyuhe.
Ibice byo gufunga: Bikoreshwa mu gushyiramo neza ihuriro ryose ku gitereko no ku ipfundo ry'umuyoboro, bigamije kurinda imiterere y'icyuma no kurinda umutekano w'imodoka.
Imikorere n'Ingaruka
Kongera Ihumure: Igabanya neza ikwirakwizwa ry'ibice by'imodoka, ikagabanya umunaniro w'abagenzi.
Kugenzura Iterambere: Birinda amapine gusimbuka mu mihanda irimo imigozi, bikanatuma amapine ahora afashe hasi, bikongera umutekano mu gutwara no gufunga feri.
Kongera igihe cyo kubaho: Binyuze mu gukingira ingaruka, birinda imiterere y'umubiri w'ikinyabiziga, sisitemu yo guhagarika imodoka, n'ibindi bice bifitanye isano, bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika.
Imodoka zigezweho, cyane cyane imodoka zo mu muryango, muri rusange zikoresha imiterere y’imashini zifata umuriro imbere, kuko byoroshye kuzishyiraho, zihamye mu mikorere yazo, kandi zifite umutekano mwinshi, buhoro buhoro zisimbura imiterere gakondo ya "shock absorber + spring".
Iteraniro ry’imodoka rifata amashanyarazi imbere ni igice cy’ingenzi cy’uburyo bwo guhagarika imodoka, ahanini rikora mu gukumira no kugabanya ingaruka z’umuhanda, rikongera uburyo bworoshye bwo gutwara imodoka, uburyo itwara imodoka, n’uburyo abagenzi bamererwa neza.
Imirimo yayo y'ingenzi igaragarira muri ibi bikurikira:
Kuraho imitingito n'ingaruka: Iyo ikinyabiziga kigenda mu mihanda idahuye, amapine na suspension bizakorwaho. Itsinda ry'imbere rikoresha uburyo bwo gufunga amashanyarazi cyangwa umwuka kugira ngo rihindure ingufu za mekanike z'iyo mitingito mo ingufu z'ubushyuhe no kuzigabanya, bigabanye neza imitingito yihuse y'umubiri w'ikinyabiziga n'amapine, bikarinda ko imodoka ikomeza gusimbuka.
Gufata neza amapine: Mu gukumira vuba gusubira inyuma kw'ingufu z'impeshyi n'umuhanda, amapine ashobora gufata hasi, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu kugenzura imiyoborere y'ikinyabiziga, kudahagarara neza kw'iferi, no kurinda umutekano w'ikinyabiziga.
Kongera ihumure n'ituze: Bigabanya cyane ubwivumbure bwoherezwa ku mubiri w'ikinyabiziga n'abagenzi, bitanga uburyo bworoshye kandi bworoshye bwo gutwara, ariko bikongera ituze ry'ikinyabiziga ku muvuduko mwinshi cyangwa mu gihe cyo guhindukira.
Nk'inkingi yo guhagarara: Bitandukanye n'icyuma gifata umuyaga cyihariye, icyuma cyo imbere gifata umuyaga (gikunze kwitwa "inkingi yo guhagarara umuyaga") gifite kandi akazi ko guhagarara mu miterere, kikaba ari igice cy'ingenzi gitwara imizigo gihuza umubiri w'ikinyabiziga n'amapine.
Igiteranyo cy'imbere cy'icyuma gifata umuyaga gikunze kuba module ihuriweho, ahanini igizwe n'umubiri w'icyuma gifata umuyaga, isoko y'amazi, igipfundikizo cy'umukungugu, ibice bifata umuyaga (nk'umupira wo hejuru, amaberari, icyuma gifata umuyaga, nibindi).
Amakosa mu gice cy’imbere cy’ikinyabiziga ateranya impanuka ashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo ikinyabiziga gifata, uburyo gitekanye, n’umutekano wacyo, kandi akenshi agaragarira mu bimenyetso bitandukanye bigaragara.
Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi by'ikosa birimo: Urusaku rudasanzwe mu gihe cyo kwambuka uruzitiro: Iyo ikinyabiziga kirenze aho umuhanda unyura cyangwa hari ibinogo, agakoresho k'imbere gafata amashanyarazi kazavuga "clang", "squeak" cyangwa "click". Ibi bishobora guterwa n'inkoni za piston zashaje, valve zo hasi zifunze, cyangwa amaboko ya rubber yo hejuru ashaje kandi yacitse.
Umubiri uratigita cyane nyuma yo gukubita: Nyuma y'uko icyuma gifata umuyaga imbere kinaniwe, umubiri ntushobora kwihuta nyuma yo gukomereka kandi uzakomeza kugenda hejuru no hasi mu gihe kirenga amasegonda 3. Ku muvuduko wa kilometero 40-60 ku isaha, uruziga rw'imodoka ruzatigita buri gihe; ku muvuduko urenze kilometero 80 ku isaha, indorerwamo ya A-pillar n'indorerwamo y'inyuma bizaba bifite imizunguruko igaragara.
Kwangirika kudasanzwe kw'ipine: Kwangirika kw'icyuma gifata amapine imbere bishobora gutera ubusumbane mu gice cy'ipine, bigatera kwangirika k'uruhande rumwe (kwangirika ku ruhande rw'inyuma rw'ipine), kwangirika nk'igikombe (gucikamo ibice hagati mu gice cy'ipine), cyangwa kwangirika nk'ukw'amababa (imiterere nk'iy'amababa ku nkombe z'ipine), bigagabanya igihe cyo kubaho cy'ipine ku kigero kirenga 40%.
Intera yo gufunga feri: Mu gihe cyo gufunga byihutirwa, icyuma gifata feri imbere ntigishobora kugenzura neza aho intera y'imbere y'ikinyabiziga ihengamiye, bigatuma umutwaro uhagaze ku mapine y'imbere ugabanuka ndetse n'umuvuduko wo gufunga feri ukagabanuka. Intera yo gufunga feri yapimwe ku muvuduko wa kilometero 100 ku isaha ishobora kwiyongeraho metero 4-6.
Kumeneka kw'amavuta y'amazi: Amabara y'amavuta, ibitonyanga by'amavuta, cyangwa se "inkingi y'amavuta" nk'amavuta asukwa ku mubiri w'icyuma gifata umuriro cyangwa igipfundikizo cy'umukungugu ni byo bimenyetso bigaragara cyane. Kugabanuka gato k'ubushobozi bwo kumena amazi ni hafi 15%, kumena amazi ku rugero ruciriritse bigabanya imbaraga zo kumena amazi ku kigero cya 40%, kandi kumena amazi cyane bisaba ko umuntu ahita ahahagarara.
Ubuyobozi budasanzwe: Ku muvuduko muto, ubuyobozi buri aho buherereye bumera nk'aho buhagaze kandi bugoranye; ku muvuduko wo hejuru, igisubizo cy'ubuyobozi kirererwa, ikinyabiziga ntigihamye, kandi ubushobozi bwo kugaruka kw'uruziga buragabanuka.
Inama: Iyo hari kimwe mu bimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru kigaragaye, ni byiza ko umuganga w’inzobere mu gusana agenzura vuba bishoboka. Muri rusange, isuzuma ry’amaso risabwa buri kilometero 20.000 n’isuzuma ry’imikorere buri kilometero 40.000. Iyo hagaragaye amazi cyangwa urusaku rudasanzwe, icyuma gifata amashanyarazi imbere kigomba gusimburwa vuba kugira ngo habeho umutekano mu gutwara imodoka.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
