Imikorere y'umufana w'ikoranabuhanga w'imodoka
Umufana w’imodoka ukoresha ikoranabuhanga ni igice cy’ingenzi cy’uburyo bukonjesha imodoka, ahanini ukora kugira ngo ufashe moteri gukora neza kandi neza n’ibindi bikoresho biyikoresha, bityo bigatuma imodoka ikora neza kandi mu mutekano.
Akamaro k'ingenzi k'umufana w'ikoranabuhanga ni ugukuraho ubushyuhe. Ibi bibikora binyuze mu guhatira umwuka gutembera hejuru ya radiator (ikigega cy'amazi) kugira ngo ikonjeshe moteri ishyushye, bikarinda moteri gushyuha cyane. Akenshi igenzurwa n'icyuma gipima ubushyuhe bw'amazi cyangwa switch igenzura ubushyuhe. Iyo ubushyuhe bw'umufana bugeze ku rugero runaka (nka 90°C cyangwa 95°C), ihita itangira, igahagarara iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse, bigatuma ibungabunga ingufu no kuzicunga neza.
Byongeye kandi, umufana w’ikoranabuhanga ushyigikira imikorere ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Mu buryo bwo gukonjesha cyangwa gushyushya, ituma umwuka unyura muri kondensateri cyangwa evaporator kugira ngo wongere imikorere myiza yo gukonjesha cyangwa gukwirakwiza umwuka ushyushye, bityo bigatunganya ubushyuhe bw’imbere.
Kugenzura neza umufana w’ikoranabuhanga bizana inyungu nyinshi, harimo kunoza ikoreshwa ry’ingufu binyuze mu guhindura umuvuduko (nk’uburyo bwo hejuru n’ubushyuhe buke), kugabanya umutwaro wa moteri, no kwishyura umwuka uhagije w’umwimerere ku muvuduko muto cyangwa udatembera, bigatuma habaho imikorere myiza y’ubukonje.
Gukemura ikibazo cy’uko umufana w’ikoranabuhanga udakora bisaba uburyo bukurikira: Ubwa mbere, reba niba ubushyuhe bw’amazi buri mu rugero rusanzwe (ubushyuhe busanzwe bwo gutangira ni hafi 90-95°C). Hanyuma, gerageza firizi, relays, switch igenzura ubushyuhe, na moteri mu buryo bukurikiranye. Dore inzira yo gukemura ibibazo:
Igenzura ry'ibanze (ibikorwa by'ibanze)
Gupima ubushyuhe bw'amazi: Tangiza moteri kugira ngo igere ku bushyuhe busanzwe bwo gukora (iminota 10), reba igipimo cy'ubushyuhe bw'amazi kuri dashboard. Niba ubushyuhe bw'amazi buri munsi ya dogere selisiyusi 90, umufana udahinduranya ni ibintu bisanzwe; niba ubushyuhe bw'amazi buri mu rugero rusanzwe ariko ntibuhinduke, hakenewe iperereza ryinshi.
Igenzura rya firigo: Fungura agasanduku ka firigo k'igice cya moteri, shaka firigo y'umufana (reba igitabo cy'amabwiriza y'ikinyabiziga aho giherereye), koresha multimeter kugira ngo urebe niba yahumetse. Iyo ihumetse, yisimbuze firigo imwe ijyanye nayo (ntugakoreshe insinga z'umuringa nk'insimbura).
Igenzura ry'ibice by'ingenzi
Ikizamini cyo gusimbuza:
Tangiza imodoka hanyuma ufungure switch ya A/C. Umva ijwi rya "kanda" riva kuri relay.
Niba nta rusaku ruhari, koresha multimeter kugira ngo umenye uburinzi bwa relay coil (agaciro gasanzwe ni 50-100Ω). Niba idasanzwe, yisimbuze.
Igenzura ry'ubushyuhe bw'imashini igenzura ubushyuhe:
Kuramo icyuma gifunga ubushyuhe hanyuma ufungure pin. Iyo umufana azunguruka, icyuma kiba cyangiritse kandi kigomba gusimburwa.
Niba idahindagurika, reba niba uruziga rw'imashini rufunguye (gerageza ukoresheje multimeter kugira ngo urebe ko rukomeza).
Gukemura ibibazo byimbitse
Gusuzuma indwara y'imitsi:
Kuramo amashanyarazi hanyuma wimure ibyuma by'umufana n'intoki. Niba hari urusaku rudasanzwe cyangwa urusaku rudasanzwe, shyira amavuta ku gice kizunguruka (tonyanga amavuta yihariye yo kwisiga) cyangwa usimbuze moteri.
Ikizamini cyo gukoresha ingufu kuri moteri: Huza umuriro wa 12V, niba udazunguruka, ni ikibazo cya moteri.
Uruziga n'ibipimo by'amashanyarazi:
Reba kode z'amakosa za ECU (mudasobwa y'imodoka) ukoresheje igikoresho cya OBD-II reader.
Gerageza ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubushyuhe bw'amazi (ku bushyuhe busanzwe, hafi 200-500Ω), niba agaciro kayo katari kameze neza, yisimbuze.
Iyo umufana w’imodoka ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga wangiritse, ushobora gutera ibintu nko gushyuha cyane moteri, gutakaza amazi mu kigega cy’amazi, no gukora nabi k’umufana. Ibigaragara byihariye birimo kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe bwa moteri, kwangirika k’uburyo bukonjesha, no kwangirika k’umubiri k’umufana. Ibi bikurikira ni ibisobanuro birambuye by’uburyo ibintu bishyirwa mu byiciro:
Ikosa rya moteri mu gukonjesha
Kunanirwa k'umufana w'ikoranabuhanga bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mikorere myiza y'ubukonje, bigatera ingaruka ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi:
Ubushyuhe bwa moteri buriyongera cyane: Nyuma y’uko umufana ahagaritse kuzenguruka, ubushyuhe bwo mu kigega cy’amazi ntibushobora gucika, agakoresho gapima ubushyuhe kazamuka vuba (ubusanzwe karenga 95°C), itara ry’ubushyuhe bw’amazi ririmo dashboard riracana, bishobora gutuma umuriro ubura cyangwa moteri igahagarara.
Gucika cyangwa kuva kw'amazi mu kigega cy'amazi: Ubushyuhe bwinshi butuma umuvuduko mu kigega cy'amazi wiyongera cyane, ikigega cy'amazi kigaturika cyangwa agafunga kakananirwa, kandi amazi akonje agahumanya ubutaka. Uburyo amazi atemberamo buraziba, bigatuma moteri ishyuha cyane.
Kwangirika gukomeye kwa moteri: Ubushyuhe bwinshi buhoraho butera "silinda inyerera" (icyuma gikonjesha gikwirakwira muri silinda), bigatuma piston ifungana, amavuta ananirwa, kandi amaherezo bigasaba gusanwa cyane cyangwa gusimburwa na moteri.
Ibimenyetso byerekana ko umufana w'ikoranabuhanga ubwe yananiwe
Ibi bishobora kumenyekana binyuze mu kwitegereza cyangwa gukora:
Impumuro n'ibimenyetso by'ubushyuhe: Ingufu zo guhumeka zihinduka umukara kandi zigatanga impumuro nk'iya plastiki itwikwa cyangwa ikoreshwa mu gufunga uruziga.
Kuzunguruka buhoro cyangwa guhagarara: Biragoye kuzunguruka umugozi n'intoki, kandi kugenda ntabwo byoroshye (igitereko kidafite amavuta cyangwa rotor iba idakora neza).
Nta rusaku rw'umuyaga rugaragara mu gice cy'imodoka, cyangwa ngo umuyaga ugaragare iyo ukozeho.
Ubushyuhe budasanzwe: Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bw'umufana buzamuka vuba cyane (buba bushyushye igihe gito), bigaragaza ko hari umuyoboro mugufi w'amashanyarazi imbere.
Izindi ngaruka zifitanye isano
Kunanirwa gukonjesha icyuma gikonjesha: Ubushyuhe budahagije butuma habaho umuvuduko mwinshi cyane mu muyoboro w’icyuma gikonjesha, bigatera ingaruka mbi zo gukonjesha cyangwa ndetse no gucika kw’umuyoboro.
Urusaku rudasanzwe: Moteri irahagarara igakora amajwi yo gukururana cyangwa amajwi adasanzwe yo hejuru.
Icyitonderwa: Iyo ubushyuhe bw'amazi burenze dogere 80, umufana agomba guhita atangira. Iyo adahindukiye, agomba guhita asanwa kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kwa moteri.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
