Silindari y'imodoka ni iki?
Ibyuma bya moteri ni imiterere y'ingenzi ishyigikira moteri, ubusanzwe yitwa ibyuma bya silinda. Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cya moteri, ihuza silinda zitandukanye na crankcase muri kimwe, igakora urwego rushyigikira rwo gushyiraho piston, crankshafts, n'ibindi bice.
Imirimo y'ingenzi ya silinda igizwe na:
- Nk'aho ibice byose bya moteri bihurira, irimo imiyoboro ya silindiri (aho piston zigenda zigaruka), amakoti y'amazi akonjesha (yo kuyobora imikorere y'ibikoresho bikonjesha mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe), n'inzira z'amavuta (zo gusiga amavuta ku bice by'ingenzi). Ikorana kandi n'umutwe wa silindiri kugira ngo ikore icyumba cyo gutwika, kirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko kandi kikagira uruhare mu guhindura ingufu z'ubushyuhe ziva mu gutwika lisansi zigashyirwa mu ngufu za mekanike.
- Ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho n'imiterere, bloki ya silindiri ubusanzwe ikorwa mu cyuma gishongeshejwe cyangwa aluminiyumu - bloki z'icyuma zishongeshejwe zifite ibyiza nko gukomera cyane, kudahangana n'umuvuduko mwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ndetse no ku giciro gito, bigatuma zikwiriye imiterere ishyira imbere ubudahangarwa; bloki za aluminiyumu ziroroshye, zifasha kuzigama ingufu, ariko zifite ubudahangarwa buke bwo kwangirika kandi akenshi zikenera imiyoboro ya silindiri, kandi zikunze gukoreshwa mu modoka nto. Mu miterere, bloki ya silindiri ishobora kuba ifite umurongo ugororotse, ifite ishusho ya V, cyangwa itandukanye, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku buringanire, imbaraga zisohoka, n'uburyo moteri ikoresha.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'agace k'icyuma ni ingenzi cyane mu mikorere ya moteri, kuko uburyo imyobo y'icyuma ikora neza bigira ingaruka ku gufunga icyumba cyo gutwika, imbavu zongera imbaraga z'imiterere, kandi bigatuma moteri ikora neza iyo irimo umutwaro mwinshi.
Imiterere y'icyuma gikozwe muri silinda n'uburyo gitoranywamo ibikoresho bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere ya moteri. Ibikoresho bisanzwe by'icyuma bifite imbaraga nyinshi, birwanya kwangirika neza, kandi bihendutse, bigatuma bikwiranye n'ibikoresho bisaba kuramba; ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bizwiho uburemere bworoshye, ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwiza, kandi bifasha kugabanya uburemere bw'imodoka, kunoza lisansi, no kugabanya igihe cyo kuyishyushya, ariko birahenze cyane.
Uduce twa silinda dukenera kuvurwa byihuse kugira ngo hirindwe ko moteri yangirika cyane. Banza uhagarike imikorere ya moteri hanyuma utegereze konje neza. Hanyuma, sukura ibizinga by'amavuta biri hafi y'aho upfundutse hanyuma usuzume ingano, ubujyakuzimu, n'aho uherereye kugira ngo umenye gahunda yo gusana.
Uburyo bwo gusana buterwa n'uburemere bw'icyuho cyacitse, ibikoresho bya silindiri (nk'icyuma gishongeshejwe cyangwa aluminiyumu), ndetse n'ikiguzi cyabyo. Uburyo busanzwe burimo:
- Gusana ubushuhe: bukwiriye imiyoboro mito kandi ishyizwe ahantu hakwiye. Ibyuma bikozwe mu cyuma bikoresha ubushuhe bwa gaze, mu gihe ibyuma bya aluminiyumu bisaba ubushuhe bwa argon arc cyangwa tekiniki za aluminiyumu; mbere yo gusana, sukura neza kandi usya umuyoboro, hanyuma ukore ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira kugira ngo ugabanye umuvuduko. Ubu buryo burahendutse ariko busaba ubuhanga buhanitse mu bya tekiniki.
- Gufunga icyuma cyangwa agafunga: ku cyuho gito, koresha udufunga tw’icyuma cyangwa agafunga byihariye kugira ngo wuzuze cyuho; igikorwa ni cyoroshye, ntigisaba ibikoresho bigoye, ariko gifite imbaraga nkeya ugereranije no gusudira kandi gikwiriye gusanwa by’igihe gito cyangwa byoroheje. Gushyiramo cyangwa gufunga icyuma no gusimbuza agafunga ka icyuma: Ubu buryo bukoreshwa ku cyuho kinini cyangwa gikomeye. Gufunga icyuma kugira ngo wongere umurambararo no gushyiraho agafunga ka icyuma gishya, imiterere ishobora gukomera. Birahenze cyane ariko bishobora kugarura imbaraga z’umubiri wa icyuma. Ubu buryo bushobora kwitabwaho iyo icyuma cya icyuma gitose cyamenetse.
Gusimbuza igice cy'umuyoboro wa silindiri: Iki ni cyo gisubizo cyizewe cyane iyo umwanda ukomeye (nk'aho winjira cyangwa urimo imiterere). Bikemura ikibazo burundu ariko birahenze. Bisaba guhuza ibipimo by'uruganda bya mbere no kwemeza ko imiterere yabyo ari yo ikora neza.
Uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwatoranijwe, ni ngombwa gukoresha abatekinisiye b'inzobere no kugenzura piston, impeta za piston, n'ibindi bikoresho bifitanye isano kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika. Nyuma yo gusana, hagomba gukorwa ikizamini cy'umuvuduko kugira ngo harebwe imikorere yo gufunga. Hagomba gukorwa isuku ihoraho ya moteri kugira ngo hirindwe ko isubiramo kwangirika.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
