Imikorere y'agakapu k'umwuka k'inyongera k'imodoka
Agafuka k'umwuka k'imodoka, gakunze kwitwa agakapu k'umwuka k'uruhande rw'umugenzi, ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'uburyo bw'umutekano w'imodoka (SRS). Inshingano yacyo y'ibanze ni ugutanga uburinzi bwihuse ku bicaye ku muheto mu gihe habayeho impanuka ikomeye imbere, bigabanya cyane ibyago byo gukomereka ku mutwe no ku gituza.
Imikorere y'ibanze
Ingufu zifata imodoka, zifata ingufu: Iyo ikinyabiziga kigize impanuka imbere, ibyuma bipima ko umuvuduko ugabanuka cyane. Mu gihe gito cyane (hafi amasegonda 0.015) nyuma y’impanuka, mbere y’uko umuntu utwaye imodoka ahura n’ibintu bikomeye nk’umuyoboro w’imodoka na dashboard, umufuka w’umwuka wo ku ruhande rw’umugenzi uzahita winjiramo, ugakora umusego w’umwuka woroshye. Umuntu utwaye imodoka azagwa kuri uyu musego w’umwuka bitewe n’imbaraga z’ubudahangarwa, akwinjiza neza kandi agatatanya imbaraga zikomeye ziterwa n’impanuka, bityo bikagabanya imvune ku mubiri.
Irinde kugongana mu buryo butaziguye n'ibice by'imbere: Mu gihe cy'impanuka ikomeye, umugenzi uri mu ntebe y'umushoferi azagira ikibazo gikomeye cyo kwiroha imbere bitewe n'uburemere. Gushyiramo agafuka k'umwuka bitera uruzitiro rurinda umuntu uri mu modoka n'ibice bikomeye nka konsole yo hagati, agasanduku k'uturindantoki, na dashboard, bikarinda ingaruka mbi ku mutwe, mu gituza, no mu bindi bice by'ingenzi.
Kora hamwe n'imikandara yo mu modoka kugira ngo ugere ku musaruro mwiza: Umukandara w'umwuka ni uburyo bw'inyongera bwo kurinda, kandi ingaruka zawo zo kurinda zigomba guhuzwa n'imikandara yo mu modoka kugira ngo ugere ku musaruro mwiza. Imikandara yo mu modoka ishobora gufunga neza umuntu uri mu ntebe, ikamenya neza ko ari mu mwanya ukwiye igihe umukandara w'umwuka utangiye gukoreshwa. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko guhuza imikandara yo mu modoka n'imikandara yo mu modoka bishobora kugabanya imbaraga zo gutera ku mutwe ho hafi 75%. Iyo imikandara yo mu modoka idakozwe, imbaraga zo gutera ku mukandara w'umwuka ubwawo zishobora gutera imvune zikomeye cyangwa ndetse zikanahitana umuntu uri mu modoka. Ibisobanuro by'inyongera
Aho abagenzi bashyira: Agafuka k'umwuka gashyirwa ku ruhande rw'umugenzi gakunze gushyirwa mu kabati kari imbere y'intebe y'umugenzi. Aho gaherereye ni hejuru y'igice cy'uturindantoki cyangwa mu gice cy'iburyo cy'aho icyuma gitembera.
Ibijyanye n'ibitera imbaraga: Agafuka k'umwuka gagomba kuba kujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo gatere imbaraga, urugero nko kugongana kuri dogere 60 ibumoso n'iburyo bw'imbere y'ikinyabiziga, kandi umuvuduko w'ikinyabiziga ubusanzwe uba uri hejuru ya kilometero 30 ku isaha.
Ubundi bwoko bw'udukapu tw'umwuka: Uretse agakapu k'imbere k'umugenzi gafite umutekano, imodoka zigezweho zishobora kandi gushyirwaho agakapu k'umusego w'umugenzi gafite intebe (kari imbere y'umusego w'umugenzi), kadakoresha umusego ariko kagafasha umugenzi kugabanya urujya n'uruza rw'amaguru, bigafasha mu kuguma yicaye neza no kongera ubushobozi bw'umukandara w'umuzigo, bityo bikagabanya ingaruka ku maguru yo hasi.
Byongeye kandi, ikinyabiziga gishobora kandi kuba gifite imifuka y’umwuka yo ku ruhande rw’imbere, imifuka y’umwuka yo ku mutwe mu mirongo y’imbere n’iy’inyuma, n’ibindi, byose hamwe bikaba umuyoboro wuzuye w’umutekano udakora.
Icyibutso cy'ingenzi: Kubera impamvu z'umutekano, abana ntibagomba kwicara mu ntebe y'abagenzi bafite agakapu k'umwuka gashyirwamo, cyangwa ngo bashyireho intebe y'umutekano y'umwana muri ubwo buryo. Imbaraga nyinshi iyo agakapu k'umwuka gashyizwemo ni mbi cyane ku mibiri yoroheje y'abana.
Iyo itara ry’umuburo ku kibazo cy’umufuka w’umwuka uca ku ruhande rw’abagenzi rimuritse, bigaragaza ko sisitemu y’umufuka w’umwuka yabonye ikintu kitagenda neza, gishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yacyo isanzwe mu mpanuka. Ntukirengagize uyu muburo, ariko ntugatinye cyane, kuko akenshi bidaterwa no kwangirika kwa wo mufuka w’umwuka, ahubwo biterwa n’ibibazo byoroheje by’amashanyarazi bishobora gusanwa byoroshye.
Impamvu zisanzwe n'ingamba zo kwisuzuma
Izi ni impamvu zikunze gutuma itara ry’umuvugo rituma umuvuduko w’umwuka w’abagenzi utangira guka, hamwe n’uburyo bwo kwisuzuma ushobora kubanza kugerageza:
Guhuza neza cyangwa kudakora neza kw'iyi plug (ikunze kugaragara cyane, igera kuri 35%-45%)
Impamvu: Kunyeganyega mu gihe utwaye imodoka, abagenzi batera intebe inyuma, cyangwa impinduka ziherutse gukorwa cyangwa gusimbuza intebe y'umugenzi (nko kongeramo umusego w'intebe cyangwa gusimbuza igipfundikizo cy'intebe) bishobora gutuma agasanduku k'umuhondo k'umufuka w'umwuka munsi y'intebe gacika intege cyangwa imigozi igatera ogisijeni.
Uburyo bwo kwisuzuma: Zimya moteri hanyuma uvanemo bateri iri ku isonga (ku bw'umutekano, tegereza iminota 5-10).
Igenzura: Hindura intebe y'umugenzi inyuma rwose hanyuma urebe niba hari agasanduku k'umuhondo gahuza umufuka w'umwuka munsi y'intebe. Kuramo agasanduku witonze hanyuma urebe niba udupira tw'imbere dufite aho duhengamiye, aho duhinduka umukara cyangwa aho duhinduka umwuka.
Umukoresho: Koresha igitambaro cyoroshye gisukuye cyangwa isuku y'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo usukure witonze aho ibintu bihurira, hanyuma wongere ushyiremo neza kandi urebe neza ko hari ijwi rya "click". Ongera uhuze icyuma gifunga bateri yangiritse hanyuma utangize imodoka kugira ngo urebe niba itara ry'uburinzi rizimye.
Kugabanuka kwa batiri cyangwa voltage idahindagurika (ikosa risanzwe ry'ibinyoma)
Impamvu: Guhagarika imodoka igihe kirekire (nk'icyumweru kirenga kimwe) bituma bateri igabanuka, cyangwa bateri ikaba ishaje (ikoreshwa mu gihe kirenga imyaka 3), kandi umuriro muke ushobora gutera ikibazo cy'uburiganya.
Uburyo bwo kwisuzuma: Reba niba itara ry'uburinzi ricanye igihe gito nyuma yo gutangira moteri ikonje kandi rikazimya mu buryo bwikora nyuma y'iminota 10-20. Niba ari uko bimeze, birashoboka cyane ko ari ikibazo cya bateri. Ushobora gukoresha multimeter kugira ngo upime voltage ya bateri, igomba kuba hagati ya 12.3V-12.7V. Niba voltage ari nke cyane, gerageza gusharija bateri cyangwa uyisimbuze.
Ibibazo by'umurongo cyangwa kunanirwa kwa sensor
Impamvu: Insinga zihuza umufuka w’umwuka zirashaje bitewe no guhindagura igihe kirekire, imiyoboro migufi, cyangwa sensa zishyirwa ku rugi cyangwa B-pillar zangiritse bitewe n’impanuka nto, amazi cyangwa gusaza.
Uburyo bwo kwisuzuma: Niba plagi na bateri ari ibisanzwe kandi itara ry'uburinzi rikaguma ryaka, bishobora kuba ikibazo nk'iki. Iki kibazo ntigishobora gukemurwa binyuze mu bikorwa byoroshye kandi bisaba igikoresho cy'inzobere mu gusuzuma ikibazo kugira ngo gisome kode y'ikosa (nka B0011, B0028, nibindi) kugira ngo hamenyekane neza igice cya sensor cyangwa umurongo cyananiwe.
Igikoresho cyo kugenzura imifuka y'umwuka (ECU) cyangwa ikibazo cy'umubiri w'imifuka y'umwuka (bidakunze kubaho ariko bikomeye)
Impamvu: Urusobe rw'imbere rw'ikigega cy'umwuka rwangiritse, cyangwa ikigega cy'umwuka cyo ku ruhande rw'umugenzi cyarangiritse bitewe no gusaza (bikunze kugaragara mu modoka zishaje zirengeje imyaka 10) cyangwa impanuka ikomeye.
Uburyo bwo kwisuzuma: Niba itara ryerekana amakosa rihora ricanye, kandi riherekejwe n'izindi ngorane za sisitemu y'ikoranabuhanga (nk'ubutinda bw'imodoka, itara rya ABS ryaka), cyangwa niba imodoka yaragonze (nubwo imifuka y'umwuka itageze), iyi ishobora kuba ari yo mpamvu. Ibice by'imifuka y'umwuka ni ibintu byakoreshejwe rimwe gusa kandi ntibigomba gusenywa wenyine; bitabaye ibyo, hari ibyago byo guturika.
Kwivanga kw'abantu cyangwa amakosa atari yo
Impamvu: Kongeramo agakoresho gashyushya karimo ibice by'icyuma munsi y'intebe y'umugenzi, cyangwa gushyiramo agapapuro k'icyuma gashushanyijeho aho kari ku ntebe ya B-pillar, bishobora kubangamira ibimenyetso by'icyuma. Gutera ikibazo cy'imodoka mu buryo bw'impanuka bishobora no guteza ikosa ry'impimbano.
Uburyo bwo kwisuzuma: Wibuke niba hari impinduka cyangwa ibyongewemo vuba aha. Gerageza gukuraho ibi bintu hanyuma wongere utangire imodoka kugira ngo urebe niba itara ry'imodoka ryazimye.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
