Ni iyihe nshingano y'indorerwamo yo gusubiza inyuma imodoka?
Indorerwamo ireba inyuma, izwi kandi nka kamera ireba inyuma, ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize umutekano w'imodoka, ikoreshwa mu kureba imiterere y'inyuma n'iy'uruhande mu gihe cyo gutwara no gusubira inyuma. Yavumbuwe n'umushoferi w'isiganwa w'Umwongerezakazi Dorothy mu 1911. Dukurikije aho ishyirwa, igabanyijemo ahanini indorerwamo zo hanze, indorerwamo zo imbere, n'indorerwamo zo hasi.
Ubuso bw'indorerwamo bukunze gukoresha igishushanyo mbonera cy'urumuri kugira ngo bwagure urwego rwo kureba no gukuraho utudomo tw'amaso. Indorerwamo zigezweho zo kureba inyuma zahindutse ibikoresho by'umutekano bifite imikorere myinshi nko gushyushya, kuzingira amashanyarazi, no kugenzura utudomo tw'amaso. Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, indorerwamo zo kureba inyuma zikoresha ikoranabuhanga zisimbura lens zifatika hamwe na kamera zaravutse.
Indorerwamo y'inyuma, izwi kandi nka indorerwamo y'inyuma y'imodoka, ni igikoresho cy'umutekano ku modoka gikoreshwa mu kureba imiterere y'inyuma n'iy'uruhande. Dukurikije aho ishyirwa, ishobora kugabanywamo indorerwamo z'inyuma zo hanze, indorerwamo z'imbere, n'indorerwamo z'inyuma zo hepfo; dukurikije ubwoko bw'ubuso bw'indorerwamo, harimo indorerwamo zirambuye, indorerwamo zirambuye, indorerwamo ebyiri zizunguruka, n'indorerwamo z'ikoranabuhanga zireba inyuma. Indorerwamo y'inyuma yo hanze akenshi ni indorerwamo irambuye, ifite ishusho ihagaze kandi igabanutse, itanga ahantu hanini ho kureba no gufasha kugabanya ahantu hatagaragara; indorerwamo y'imbere ahanini ni indorerwamo irambuye, ifite ishusho nyayo kandi idahindagurika.
Imbere mu modoka, indorerwamo y'inyuma idacana urumuri, igizwe n'indorerwamo yihariye, fotodiode ebyiri, n'icyuma gipima amashanyarazi. Iki cyuma gipima amashanyarazi cyakira ibimenyetso by'urumuri rw'imbere n'urw'inyuma byoherejwe na fotodiode. Iyo urumuri rumuritse ku ndorerwamo y'imbere, niba urumuri rw'inyuma rukomeye kurusha urw'imbere, icyuma gipima amashanyarazi gisohora voltage ku gice gitwara amashanyarazi. Voltage ihindura ibara ry'urwego rw'amashanyarazi ku buso bw'indorerwamo, uko voltage yiyongera, niko ibara ry'urwego rw'amashanyarazi ryijimye rirushaho kuba ryijimye. Muri iki gihe, nubwo urumuri rukomeye rukagaragara ku ndorerwamo y'inyuma, urumuri ruturutse ku ndorerwamo y'imbere idacana urumuri rugana ku maso y'umushoferi ruzaba ruto, ntabwo ruzaba rutangaje.
Ubwoko bw'amakosa mu ndorerwamo y'inyuma y'imodoka (ni ukuvuga kamera ireba inyuma) buratandukanye, ahanini harimo: imikorere mibi y'uburyo bwo kuyihindura, gufungana mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, kwangirika kwa sisitemu y'ikoranabuhanga, ubuso bw'indorerwamo butari bwiza, n'imikorere idahwitse yo kuzingira. Amakosa asanzwe n'impamvu zayo, atondekanyijwe hakurikijwe amakuru agezweho:
Ubwoko bw'amakosa y'ingenzi n'impamvu
Kunanirwa k'imikorere y'amashanyarazi
Ikosa ry'uburyo bwo guhindura: Gushira kw'amazi mu gikoresho, kwangirika cyangwa gufungana kw'impande zombi mu gikoresho, bigatuma umuntu atabasha kohereza amabwiriza.
Ikibazo cy'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi: Gushonga kwa firigo, kuvunika kw'insinga, guhuza ibintu bidafite aho bihuriye, cyangwa kurumwa n'imbeba, bigatera impanuka y'amashanyarazi.
Kwangirika kwa moteri: Kwangirika kwa brushes za karuboni muri moteri, gushya kwa coil, cyangwa kugabanuka k'imikorere mu bushyuhe buke, bigatuma umuntu atabasha gutwara indorerwamo.
Kuziba cyangwa kwangirika kw'ibikoresho: Ibikoresho bya pulasitiki ku mpera y'isoko rya moteri bicika bitewe no kudakoresha amavuta menshi, gusaza, cyangwa ingaruka zo hanze, bigatuma "nta rusaku rudakora ariko nta n'urujya n'uruza".
Kunanirwa kwa module yo kugenzura umubiri (BCM): Hari moderi zicungwa na BCM nk'uburyo bumwe bwo guhindura indorerwamo zo kureba inyuma. Amakosa ya porogaramu cyangwa kunanirwa kwa hardware muri module bishobora gutuma sisitemu inanirwa, akenshi bigaherekezwa n'izindi mikorere y'ikoranabuhanga nko gukora nabi amadirishya n'amatara.
Kugabanuka cyangwa guhinduka kw'imiterere y'imashini
Kuziba kw'ibintu byo mu mahanga: Ivumbi, urubura, cyangwa ibintu byo mu mahanga byinjira mu ihurizo riri hagati y'umubiri w'indorerwamo n'ishingiro, bigatera ubukana bukabije.
Guhinduka k'urukuta cyangwa inkoni ihuza: Imiterere y'imbere ya mashini irahindagurika bitewe no kugongana cyangwa kunyeganyega igihe kirekire, bigatuma indorerwamo inanirwa kugenda neza.
Gukonja mu gihe cy'itumba: Ubuso bw'indorerwamo n'igikonoshwa bikonja hamwe ku bushyuhe buke, bigatuma byoroshye kwangiza moteri iyo uyihinduye ku buryo bukabije.
Ibibazo bifitanye isano n'indorerwamo
Kutabona neza: Umwanda, amabara y'amazi, gushibuka kw'igitambaro, cyangwa igihu ku buso bw'indorerwamo, bigira ingaruka ku kubibona nijoro cyangwa mu gihe cy'imvura.
Indorerwamo iracika cyangwa iragwa: Indorerwamo iracika bitewe no kugongana cyangwa gusaza, cyangwa gucika kw'udupira two kuyishyiraho.
Kunanirwa gukora akazi ko gupfunyika mu buryo bwikora
Ikosa rya moteri cyangwa vitesi: Kimwe na moteri ihindura uburyo bwo kuyihindura, moteri igenda ipfunyika yangiritse cyangwa vitesi zigashaje, bigatuma idashobora kwaguka cyangwa gusubira inyuma.
Kunanirwa kwa sensor cyangwa porogaramu: Hari moderi zimwe zishingikiriza kuri sensor kugira ngo zimenye imiterere yo gupfunyika, guhitamo nabi porogaramu cyangwa guhuza nabi modules bishobora gutuma imikorere inanirwa.
Gufunga neza: Uruzingo ruhuza indorerwamo y'inyuma n'umubiri w'imodoka rurarekuye, bigira ingaruka ku buryo ipfunyika neza.
Kunanirwa k'imikorere yo gushyushya (hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bufite ibikoresho) Insinga yo gushyushya yacitse, fize yahumye, cyangwa module yo kugenzura ifite ikibazo, bigatuma imikorere yo gushonga no gukuraho ubushuhe bw'ikirahure inanirwa.
Inama zo gukemura ibibazo:
Igenzura ry'ibanze: Ubwa mbere, emeza niba fuse yaturika, hanyuma urebe niba swichi yo guhindura isubiza.
Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora: Kuraho urubura n'umwanda kuri lens, hanyuma ugerageze gukuraho terminal ya bateri kugira ngo wongere utangire sisitemu.
Gusuzuma indwara mu buryo bw’umwuga: Niba bireba moteri, insinga, cyangwa module yo kugenzura, ni byiza gukoresha igikoresho cyo gusuzuma kugira ngo usome kode y’ikosa (nka P0950, U1000), kandi uyisanwe n’umuhanga mu by’ubuhanga kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kwa kabiri guterwa n’ibyo.
Icyibutsa cy'umutekano: Indorerwamo y'inyuma ni ingenzi mu mutekano wo gutwara. Ikosa ryose rigomba gukemurwa vuba. Ntugatware indorerwamo ifite ikibazo.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
