Imikorere y'icyuma gikonjesha amavuta y'imodoka
Igikoresho gikonjesha amavuta y'imodoka ni ingenzi cyane mu gutuma moteri n'uburyo bwo kohereza amavuta bikomeza gukora neza. Inshingano yacyo y'ingenzi ni ukugabanya ubushyuhe bw'amavuta ya moteri binyuze mu guhinduranya ubushyuhe, bigatuma sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta n'ibice bifitanye isano na yo bikora neza mu rwego rw'ubushyuhe bwizewe. Inshingano zihariye zishobora kuvugwa muri ubu buryo bukurikira:
Gukonjesha neza kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika k'ubushyuhe: Ndetse no muri moteri zikonjeshwa n'amazi, ahantu hashyuha cyane nka piston, inkoni zihuza, na turbochargers biracyakoresha amavuta ya moteri mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Igikoresho gikonjesha amavuta gishobora gukuraho vuba ubushyuhe buterwa no gukururana, kikabuza ibice by'icyuma kwangirika, kwangirika, cyangwa gutakaza amavuta bitewe no gushyuha cyane, cyane cyane iyo bitwaye cyane cyangwa igihe kirekire.
Kongera ubushobozi bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe kugira ngo ubushyuhe bukomeze kuba bwiza: Hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi nka aluminiyumu n'umuringa, icyuma gikonjesha amavuta gituza ubushyuhe bw'amavuta binyuze mu gukonjesha amazi (hakoreshejwe icyuma gikonjesha moteri) cyangwa gukonjesha umwuka (hakoreshejwe umwuka uturuka mu gutwara), kikagenzura ubushyuhe bw'amavuta mu rugero rwiza ruri hagati ya 80–120°C. Ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bidafite icyuma gikonjesha amavuta, gishobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bw'igice cy'ingenzi ho hafi 15°C.
Menya neza uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta kandi wongere igihe cyo kubaho kw'ibice byayo: Ubushyuhe bwinshi bwihutisha ogisijeni no kwangirika kw'amavuta, bigagabanya imikorere yayo yo gusiga amavuta. Igikoresho gikonjesha amavuta gishobora gutinza iki gikorwa neza, cyongera igihe cyo guhindura amavuta; icyarimwe, gituma ibice bifite ubuhanga bwo hejuru nka turbochargers na valves zo gutwara ibintu mu buryo bwikora bifata uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza no gusiga amavuta mu buryo buhamye, bigagabanya ibyago byo gutakaza amavuta ku kigero cya 15%.
Bikwiriye ahantu hatandukanye ho gutwara: Amavuta akonjeshejwe n'amazi akwiriye ahantu hahurira abantu benshi mu mijyi, hamwe n'ubushyuhe buhoraho; ayo akonjeshejwe n'umwuka akwiriye cyane mu rugendo rwo mu kirere rwihuta cyane, akoresha umwuka usanzwe kugira ngo akonje neza kandi anonosore ingufu muri rusange.
Ku modoka zifite moteri zifite turbocharged cyangwa automatic transmissions, icyuma gikonjesha amavuta gishobora kongera cyane imbaraga za mekanike no kurinda umutekano w'imodoka.
Kunanirwa kw'icyuma gikonjesha amavuta y'imodoka (ni ukuvuga icyuma gikonjesha amavuta) bizagira ingaruka zitaziguye ku buryo bwo gusiga amavuta n'ubukonje bwa moteri, bigatera kwangirika k'imikorere cyangwa kwangirika gukomeye. Ibi bikurikira ni incamake y'ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara byo gutsindwa, impamvu, n'ingaruka:
Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi by'amakosa:
Uruvange rw'amavuta n'ibikoresho bikonjesha: Urufunguzo rw'amavuta cyangwa ifuro ryera nk'amata bigaragara mu kigega cy'amazi cyangwa mu kigega cyo kwagura amazi, cyangwa urugero rw'ibirinda gukonjesha rukagabanuka ku buryo budasanzwe. Iki ni ikimenyetso gisanzwe kigaragaza ko umuyoboro w'imbere w'ikigega gikonjesha amavuta wacitse kandi amavuta yinjiye mu buryo bukonjesha.
Ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa peteroli: Itara riburira ubushyuhe bwinshi rya moteri riraka, cyangwa ubushyuhe bwa peteroli bukomeza kuba hejuru y’urugero rusanzwe (ubusanzwe buri hejuru ya 105°C) nk’uko igikoresho gisuzuma gisoma, bigaragaza ko uburyo bwo gukonjesha bugabanuka.
Umuvuduko udasanzwe w'amavuta: Umuvuduko muke w'amavuta ushobora guterwa no kuziba cyangwa gusohoka mu buryo bukonjesha, bigatuma umuvuduko uhagije w'amavuta mu muyoboro w'amavuta.
Gusohoka kw'amavuta hanze: Uduce tw'amavuta dushobora kugaragara ku gice gikonjesha amavuta cyangwa ku miyoboro ihuza, akenshi biterwa n'udusimba dushaje, imigozi yacitse, cyangwa inenge zo gusudira.
Ingaruka zo gukonjesha zigabanuka: Umufana ukonjesha ntuzenguruka, amababa akonjesha aba yazibye ivumbi cyangwa ibintu by’amahanga, bigatuma umwuka utembera nabi kandi bigatuma icyuma gikonjesha amavuta gikonjesha umwuka.
Gushyuha cyane kwa moteri: Bitewe n'uko amavuta adashobora gusohora ubushyuhe neza, ubushyuhe bwa moteri buriyongera, bigatera guturika, gutakaza ingufu, n'ibindi bibazo.
Impamvu zisanzwe z'ikosa:
Gucika kw'ubukonje mu gihe cy'itumba: Mu turere dukonje, iyo amazi akonje adafunguwe neza, imiyoboro y'umuringa cyangwa ibikonoshwa birakura bitewe no gukonjesha no gucika, ari na byo bikunze kwangiza ibikoresho bikonjesha amavuta bikonjeshwa mu mazi.
Ubusembwa mu gukora cyangwa guteranya: Uduce duto mu miyoboro ikonjesha, gusudira nabi, cyangwa gushyiraho gasket nabi, bigenda bihinduka amazi uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Ubunini n'ifunga: Uko igihe kigenda gihita, amazi, ibisigazwa by'amavuta, cyangwa imyanda byirundanya ku nkuta z'imbere z'imiyoboro ikonjesha, byongera imbaraga zo guhangana n'ubushyuhe kandi bikagabanya imikorere myiza yo guhanahana ubushyuhe.
Impeta yo gufunga isaza: Impeta yo gufunga iri hagati y'umupfundikizo w'impeta n'igikonoshwa irananirwa bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi no gusaza, bigatuma amavuta cyangwa icyuma gikonjesha bivamo.
Kungirika kw'ibice by'amazi: Ibice by'amazi (plug) biri muri silinda ya moteri byangiritse n'amazi, bigatuma amazi akonje asubira mu nzira y'amavuta kandi akanduza amavuta.
Umuvuduko udasanzwe wa sisitemu: Vali zishyushye cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije wa peteroli bishobora gutuma icyuma gikonjesha peteroli gihangana n'umuvuduko ukabije kandi kikangirika.
Ingaruka zishobora kubaho:
Iyo bidakemuwe vuba, impanuka zo gukonjesha amavuta zitera uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa:
Imikorere yo gusiga amavuta iragabanuka, bigatuma ibice by'imbere bya moteri (nk'icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi, uburyo bwo gufunga) birushaho kwangirika;
Ubushobozi bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha buragabanuka, bigatuma moteri ishyuha cyane, ikurura silinda, ndetse n'imodoka ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho;
Amavuta avanze n'amazi byangiza amavuta atwara imizigo (ku binyabiziga bitwara imizigo byikora), bigatera ingaruka ku buryo bworoshye bwo guhinduranya ibikoresho.
Inama n'uburyo bwo kwirinda:
Igenzura rihoraho: Witondere niba ibara ry'amavuta ryaravanzwe, niba icyuma gikonjesha kidasanzwe, kandi niba hari itara riburira ubushyuhe bwinshi kuri dashboard.
Kubungabunga mu gihe cy'itumba: Mbere yo guparika imodoka igihe kirekire cyangwa kwinjira mu bushyuhe buke, menya neza ko wakuye amazi muri sisitemu ikonjesha, cyane cyane ku binyabiziga bya mazutu n'ibinyabiziga by'ubucuruzi.
Gusana kw'inzobere: Iyo hagaragaye ibibazo, ni byiza kujya mu kigo cy'inzobere mu gusana kugira ngo hakorwe isuzuma ry'umuvuduko w'amaraso no kugenzura endoskopi kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kwa kabiri guterwa no gusenya.
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku bijyanye no gusuzuma, ni byiza kureba igitabo cy'amabwiriza yo kubungabunga imodoka cyangwa gukoresha igikoresho cya OBD kugira ngo usome amakuru ajyanye n'ubushyuhe bw'amavuta.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
