Igipfundikizo cy'imodoka ni iki?
Umupfundikizo w'imodoka ugizwe n'umupfundikizo w'imodoka, uzwi kandi ku izina ry'umupfundikizo w'imodoka cyangwa irembo ry'inyuma, ni igipfundikizo gishobora gukurwaho gishyirwa inyuma y'imodoka, gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gupfuka no kurinda ahantu ho kubika imizigo y'imodoka.
Ibisobanuro by'ibanze n'imikorere:
Ni ihuriro ryihariye ry’umubiri, ubusanzwe rikozwe mu bikoresho nk'ibyuma, aluminiyumu, cyangwa pulasitiki, rifasha mu kwirinda amazi, kwirinda ivumbi, no kwirinda amajwi, rituma ibintu biri mu modoka bigumana umutekano n'umuma.
Mu mpanuka, umupfundikizo w'imodoka ukoreshwa mu gutoroka rimwe na rimwe.
Hari kandi uburyo bwo kwirinda ibintu nk'ibisimburana byihutirwa ku mupfundikizo w'ikigega cya lisansi.
Imiterere n'Igishushanyo:
Mu buryo bw'imiterere, ihuzwa hamwe n'igice cyo hanze n'igice cyo imbere. Igice cyo imbere akenshi kiba gifite imbavu zo gushimangira kugira ngo cyongere ubukana kandi gifite ubuso bworoshye kugira ngo gihuze n'ibisabwa mu bwiza no gusiga irangi.
Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bukoresha imiterere y'agasanduku k'ibice bibiri n'igice, bushyiramo ikirahuri cy'inyuma kiri mu mupfundikizo w'aho imizigo ishyirwa, bigatuma habaho imiterere minini y'umuryango w'inyuma, yoroshye kubika no gukuramo ibintu.
Uburyo bwo gufungura burimo uburyo bwo gukora intoki, amashanyarazi, n'ubwenge (nk'uburyo bwo gufungura bukoresha ibyuma bipima), kandi ibice bishyigikira bikunze gukoresha amasoko y'umwuka cyangwa imigozi kugira ngo gufungura no gufunga byoroshye kandi byoroshye.
Ibice bifitanye isano n'ishyirwa mu byiciro:
Umupfundikizo w'imodoka ni umwe mu mpande 13 z'inyuma z'imodoka, kandi imiterere yayo igomba kubahiriza amahame y'igihugu (nka GB15741-1995).
Ni ngombwa gutandukanya "umupfundikizo w'imizigo" (igipfundikizo cyo hanze gishobora gukurwaho) n'"umupfundikizo w'inyuma" (igipfundikizo cy'imbere gikoreshwa mu gukingira ubushyuhe no gukumira amajwi), icya nyuma kiri hejuru y'igipfundikizo. Muri make, umupfundikizo w'igipfundikizo cy'imizigo ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'imodoka gihuza imikorere, umutekano, n'imiterere myiza.
Umupfundikizo w'imodoka (uzwi kandi ku izina ry'igipfundikizo cy'imodoka cyangwa irembo ry'inyuma) ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'inyuma cy'imodoka. Imikorere yayo irenze kuba "igipfundikizo" gusa, kandi igaragarira ahanini muri ibi bikurikira:
Gutanga ahantu ho kubika: Nk'umuryango winjira mu gice cy'imodoka, umupfundikizo uha abagenzi umwanya wo kubika imizigo, amasakoshi yo guhaha, ibikoresho bya siporo, ibikoresho, n'ibindi bikoresho by'inyongera, byongera cyane imikorere n'uburyo imodoka ikora.
Kurinda ibintu biri mu modoka n'umutekano w'abari mu modoka: Mu gihe habayeho impanuka cyangwa feri itunguranye, umupfundikizo w'imodoka ushobora kubuza ibintu biri mu modoka kuguruka imbere bitewe n'uburemere, bikagabanya ingaruka zishobora kugaragara ku bagenzi bari mu myanya y'inyuma kandi bikaba imbogamizi ku mutekano. Imwe muri moderi kandi ikoresha imiterere yayo nk'inzira yo guhungira mu gihe cy'impanuka.
Gufunga no kurinda: Umupfundikizo w'inyuma ufite uduce dufunga, dushobora gukumira neza imvura, umukungugu, urusaku n'impumuro mbi kwinjira mu inyuma no mu modoka, bigatuma imbere haguma humutse kandi hasukuye, kandi bikagabanya urusaku rw'umuyaga mu gihe utwaye imodoka, bityo bikanoza ihumure ry'urugendo.
Imirimo y'inyongera ihujwe: Imipfundikizo imwe n'imwe ifite imiyoboro y'ubutabazi bwihutirwa yo gutwikira ikigega cya lisansi, antene, radar zo mu mutwe, cyangwa kamera.
Moderi zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zishobora kandi gushyirwaho amarembo y'inyuma y'amashanyarazi, uburyo bwo gufungura sensor bukoresheje ubwenge (nk'uburyo bwo kumenya uko amaguru ahagaze), n'ibindi bikorwa byoroshye.
Ubwiza n'imikorere y'ikirere: Umupfundikizo w'inyuma ni umwe mu myanya 13 y'ingenzi y'inyuma y'ikinyabiziga. Imiterere yacyo ihujwe cyane n'imvugo rusange y'igishushanyo cy'ikinyabiziga, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku miterere y'ikinyabiziga n'imikorere y'ikirere.
Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kumenya ko igice cy'umubyimba (cyangwa umwenda wo gupfuka, isahani yo gupfuka) ari ikintu cyigenga kiri imbere mu mubyimba, munsi y'umupfundikizo w'umubyimba, gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gupfuka ibintu, gukumira ivumbi, kugabanya ahantu, no kongera ibanga. Ni igice gitandukanye n'umupfundikizo w'umubyimba ubwawo.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
