Uburyo bwo guteranya igice cy'imbere cy'imodoka ni iki?
Iteraniro ry'igice cy'imbere cy'imodoka ni igice cy'ingenzi gihuza ihindagurika ry'imodoka n'amapine y'imbere, gishinzwe kohereza neza imbaraga za moteri (torque) ku mapine y'imbere. Ni kimwe mu bice by'ingenzi bituma imodoka igenda. Igira uruhare runini cyane mu modoka zitwara amapine y'imbere (FWD) n'izitwara amapine ane (4WD).
Ibice by'ingenzi
Igice cy'imbere cy'axle gikunze kuba kigizwe n'ibice bikurikira by'ubuhanga:
Akazu k'imbere k'umupira (umuvuduko uhoraho w'imbere uhuriweho n'imodoka): Gahuza uruhande rw'impinduka, gatuma igice cy'akanya gato cyaguka kandi kigacika bitewe n'impinduka mu gihe cy'urugendo rw'imodoka no guhuza n'impinduka z'inguni mu ihererekanya ry'amashanyarazi.
Akazu k'umupira wo hanze (umuvuduko uhoraho w'inyuma uhuza igice cy'umubiri): Gahuza uruhande rw'inyuma, bigatuma amapine y'imbere akomeza kwakira imbaraga mu gihe cyo kuyobora, gashyigikira ubuyobozi bw'inguni nini.
Umugozi wo kohereza (inkoni y'igice cy'umugozi): Umugozi w'icyuma ukomeye cyane uhuza uduce tw'imbere n'inyuma tw'umupira, ukaba urwego rw'ingenzi rwo kohereza torque.
Igipfukisho cy'umukungugu (igikingira umukungugu): Kizunguruka inyuma y'ikiraro cy'umupira, gikoreshwa mu gufunga amavuta atera amavuta no gukumira ivumbi, ibyondo, n'indi myanda kwinjira, kikaba ingenzi mu kongera igihe cyo gukora.
Imikorere n'akamaro
Ihererekanya ry'ingufu: Rituma moteri itwara neza kandi neza, rikaba ari ryo shingiro ry'uko imodoka "igenda".
Kumenyera kuyobora no gutitira: Iyo ikinyabiziga gihindukiye cyangwa kigenda mu mihanda irimo imigozi, imiterere y'akazu k'umupira ishobora guhindura inguni n'uburebure mu buryo bworoshye, bigatuma imbaraga zikomeza kugumana.
Ingaruka ku bunararibonye bwo gutwara: Iyo igice cy'imodoka cyangiritse (nk'uko umupira wangiritse, gucika kw'igifuniko cy'umukungugu), hazabaho amajwi adasanzwe (nk'amajwi yo "gukanda"), gutitira kw'imodoka, no guhagarika ingufu mu gihe cyo kuyobora. Mu bihe bikomeye, bishobora no gutuma imodoka itakaza imbaraga zo gutwara, bigagira ingaruka ku mutekano wayo.
Ibyuma bikunze gukoreshwa mu modoka
Uburyo bwo guteranya igice cy'imbere gikoreshwa cyane mu modoka zitandukanye zitwara amapine y'imbere n'izitwara amapine ane, nka:
Honda Fit, Civic, Accord
Camry (verisiyo y'imodoka itwara amapine y'imbere)
Subaru Forester, Outback, Sportage
Peugeot 307, Citroën C4L n'izindi modoka zo mu Burayi
Kugenzura buri gihe niba igipfundikizo cy'umukungugu cyaracitse cyangwa niba hari amavuta asohoka ni ingamba z'ingenzi zo kubungabunga kugira ngo hirindwe ko igice cy'akanya gato cyangirika. Mu gihe cyo kugisimbuza, ni byiza guhitamo ibipimo by'umwimerere by'uruganda kugira ngo harebwe ko imikorere y'ubuyobozi ihamye kandi ihamye.
Iteraniro ry'igice cy'imbere cy'umurambararo ni igice cy'ingenzi gihuza ihindagurika ry'umurambararo n'amapine y'imbere, gishinzwe kohereza imbaraga ku mapine ayobora no guhuza n'impinduka z'inguni mu gihe cyo kuyobora. Iyo iteraniro ry'igice cy'imbere cy'umurambararo ryananiwe, ikinyabiziga gitanga ibimenyetso by'uburinzi binyuze mu bimenyetso bitandukanye bigaragara. Iyo bidakozwe ku gihe, bishobora guteza akaga gakomeye mu mutekano.
Ibimenyetso by'Ikosa ry'ingenzi
Gutigita gukomeye mu gihe utwaye imodoka
Ku muvuduko wa kilometero 60–80 ku isaha, umubiri w'ikinyabiziga cyangwa umuyoboro w'imodoka bigaragaza guhindagura ku buryo bugaragara, nk'uko umuntu yumva ijwi ry'umuvuduko w'imodoka rimeze, akenshi riterwa no guhinduka kw'igice cy'umuvuduko w'imodoka, gutakaza uburinganire bw'imbaraga, cyangwa kwangirika kw'imbere mu gitereko.
Urusaku rw'icyuma mu gihe cyo kuyobora cyangwa kwihutisha
Iyo umuyoboro w’imodoka uhindukiye cyangwa uhindukiye neza, humvikana ijwi ryumvikana ry’icyuma gikubita, ahanini bitewe no kwangirika kw’agace k’inyuma k’umupira cyangwa gusohora amavuta yo kwisiga.
Mu gihe cyo kwihuta cyane, urusaku "rukora cyane" cyangwa kumva imbaraga zihagarara ako kanya, akenshi biterwa n'imirongo ya kabiri y'axle yashaje, akazu k'imbere kangiritse, cyangwa isano ritoroshye.
Ihererekanya ry'ingufu ridasanzwe
Mu gihe cyo kwihutisha, bumva ko ingufu zisohoka zidakomeza, hamwe n'ibyiyumvo byo "gutembera" cyangwa "gutembera".
Iyo igice cy'umurambararo w'uruhande rumwe cyavunitse cyangwa cyangiritse cyane, ikinyabiziga kizaba "kidakora neza", ni ukuvuga ko gishobora kwishingikiriza gusa ku rundi ruhande rw'amapine kugira ngo kigende, hamwe n'imbaraga zagabanutse cyane.
Kwangirika kw'umukungugu cyangwa gusohora amavuta
Reba umukungugu w'ivumbi rya rubber ku mpera zombi z'igice cy'imbere cy'akanya gato. Iyo habonetse imitumba, ibyangiritse, cyangwa ibizinga by'amavuta, bigaragaza ko amavuta yo kwisiga imbere yavuyemo. Nubwo nta rusaku rudasanzwe rugaragara, agomba gusimburwa ako kanya kugira ngo hirindwe ko icyondo n'umucanga byakwinjiramo kandi byihutishe kwangirika kw'agakingirizo k'umupira mu gihe cy'ukwezi kumwe.
Kuyobora bikomeye cyangwa kugorana kugarura kuyobora
Iyo agakingirizo k'umupira kamaze gusaza, imbaraga zo kuyobora ziyongera, bigatuma bigorana cyane guhindukira cyangwa gusubira inyuma ku muvuduko muto; muri icyo gihe, imbaraga zo kugarura umupira ziragabanuka, bigasaba guhindurwa n'intoki, bigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo kwirinda mu gihe cy'impanuka.
Gutemba kw'imodoka cyangwa gutemba kw'iferi
Guhinduka cyangwa kwangirika kwa half shaft bizabangamira uburinganire bw'imbaraga hagati y'uruhande rw'ibumoso n'iburyo, bigatuma ikinyabiziga kigenda gihindukira kijya ku ruhande rumwe iyo gitwaye umurongo ugororotse. Mu gihe cyo gufunga feri, gishobora no kugaragara nk'ikinyeganyega, ndetse n'ubuyobozi bw'iyobora bushobora kunanirwa.
Kwangirika kudasanzwe kw'amapine
Gukoresha igihe kirekire imigozi y'ipine ifite ikibazo bishobora gutuma amapine y'imbere asaza neza cyangwa agasaza, bigatuma igihe cyo kumara amapine kigabanuka cyane.
Ibyifuzo n'ibyibutsa
Kwisuzuma buri munsi: Nyuma yo guparika imodoka, ushobora gukora ku mpera z'igice cy'umugozi. Niba itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe rirenze 20°C, bigaragaza ko ibyuma by'imbere bishobora kwangirika; iyo moteri izimye, zunguza uruziga rw'imodoka ibumoso n'iburyo kugira ngo wumve niba hari ikintu cyangiritse mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga.
Umuburo w'umutekano: Gucika butunguranye kw'igice cy'umugozi bishobora gutuma imodoka ihita itakaza ubuyobozi, cyane cyane iyo umuvuduko uri hejuru, ibyago ni byinshi cyane.
Inama zo Kwitwara: Niba hari kimwe mu bimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru kigaragaye, nyamuneka hagarika gutwara imodoka ako kanya ujye ku kigo cy’inzobere mu gusana kugira ngo gisuzumwe. Igipfukisho cy’umukungugu gishobora gusimburwa ukwacyo niba cyangiritse, ariko niba hari urusaku rudasanzwe cyangwa kunyeganyega, ubusanzwe igice cyose cy’umugozi kigomba gusimburwa.
Gusuzuma buri gihe imiterere y'igipfukisho cy'umukungugu wa kabiri ni yo ngamba yo kwirinda ihendutse kandi ikora neza. Irinde gutwara imodoka kenshi cyane cyangwa gutwara mu mazi menshi kugira ngo wongere igihe cyo kubaho cya kabiri cy'umukungugu.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
