"Umugozi utagaragara" w'imbaraga z'imodoka: Imikorere n'isesengura ry'amakosa y'imikandara y'igihe n'iminyururu y'igihe
Mu buryo bw'ibanze bw'imikorere ya moteri y'imodoka, umukandara w'igihe n'urunigi rw'igihe ni nk' "imigozi itagaragara", bisa nkaho ari nta gaciro bifite ariko bigenzura umuvuduko nyawo w'imikorere ya valve ya moteri, bikaba ari garanti y'ingenzi y'imikorere isanzwe ya moteri.
Ukurikije imikorere yabyo, byombi bifite inshingano imwe y'ingenzi: kuyobora uburyo bwa valve ya moteri, bigatuma valve zo kwinjira n'izo gusohora umwuka zifunguka kandi zigafunga mu gihe nyacyo, bihuza neza n'imirongo ine ya piston - guhumeka, gukanda, gutanga ingufu, no gusohora umwuka. By'umwihariko, bihuza crankshaft na camshaft, bigenzura ko iyo crankshaft izunguruka inshuro ebyiri, camshaft izunguruka rimwe neza, bigatuma valve zo kwinjira n'izo gusohora umwuka zirangiza igikorwa kimwe cyo gufungura no gufunga buri kimwe, bigatuma uruvange rwinjira muri silinda vuba kandi umwotsi ugasohoka neza, bikerekana ko moteri ikoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi ikoresha lisansi neza.
Ariko, hari itandukaniro rinini mu bikoresho n'imiterere yabyo. Imikandara yo gupima igihe ikorwa ahanini muri rubber, ifite urwego rwa fibre imbere kugira ngo yongere ubukana. Mu gihe cyo gukora, ikora urusaku ruto, ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ibintu, kandi ifite ikiguzi gito cyo kuyikora. Ariko ibikoresho bya rubber bishobora kwanduzwa n'ubushyuhe n'amavuta, bigatuma bikoreshwa. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, birasaza kandi bigacika, akenshi bigasaba gusimburwa nyuma ya kilometero 6 - 10.000. Ku rundi ruhande, iminyururu yo gupima igihe ikoresha icyuma, itanga uburambe bukomeye. Inyinshi muri moderi zivuga ko zishobora gukomeza kubungabungwa zidakomeje gukoreshwa ubuzima bwose, kandi zimara kilometero zirenga ibihumbi 20. Ariko, zikora urusaku ruto rw'icyuma mu gihe cyo gukora kandi zikoresha amavuta ya moteri mu kuyisiga amavuta. Niba ubwiza bw'amavuta ari bubi cyangwa butasimbuwe mu gihe, bizihutisha kwangirika kwayo.
Byaba ari umukandara w'igihe cyangwa umuyoboro w'igihe, iyo habayeho ikosa, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kuri moteri. Ikintu kigaragara cyane ku ikosa ry'umukandara w'igihe ni ugusaza no kwangirika. Muri ako kanya, camshaft itakaza imbaraga zo kuyiyobora, kandi igihe cya valve kiba akajagari burundu, bigatuma moteri ihita izima. Kuri moteri zo mu bwoko bwa interference, ishobora kandi gutera impanuka hagati ya piston na valve, bigatera kwangirika gukomeye kwa mekanike nko guhinda valve no kwangirika kwa piston, aho ikiguzi cyo kuyisana gikunze kurenza ibihumbi mirongo bya yuan. Mbere yo gucika, ishobora kandi gutanga amajwi yo kuburira, nk'ijwi ryo "gukanda" mu gice cya moteri iyo itangiye gukonja, rigashira buhoro buhoro nyuma yo gushyuha. Ariko, uko igenda irushaho kwangirika, urusaku rudasanzwe ruzakomeza, kandi imodoka ishobora kugira ikibazo cyo gutinda gutangira, kubura imbaraga zo kwihutisha, no kwiyongera kudasanzwe kw'ikoreshwa rya lisansi.
Ikosa ku mugozi w'igihe rikunze kugaragazwa no kurekura no gusimbuka amenyo. Mu ntangiriro, hashobora kubaho urusaku rw'icyuma "rukubita" mu gihe cyo gutangira gukonje, rurushaho kuba rwiza nyuma yo gushyushya. Ariko, uko gusimbuka kwiyongera, urusaku rudasanzwe ruzakomeza, maze imodoka ikagira ikibazo cyo gutangira gutinda, kubura imbaraga zo kwihutisha, no kudahagarara neza. Iyo umugozi uregutse cyane, icyuma gihagarika amenyo ntigishobora guhindura neza imbaraga, bigatuma amenyo asimbuka, bigatuma igihe cy'ingufu kidakora neza, kandi mu bihe bikomeye, bigatuma piston ikubita icyuma, ndetse bigatuma moteri ihita inanirwa. Byongeye kandi, amakosa y'umugozi azanaherekezwa no kwiyongera gukomeye kw'ikoreshwa rya lisansi n'amavuta, kandi itara ryerekana amakosa ya moteri ku ibaraza naryo rishobora kumurika.
Kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kabiri kw'ikinyabiziga n'agakapu gaterwa n'ikosa rya sisitemu y'igihe, kubungabunga buri munsi ni ingenzi cyane. Ku binyabiziga bifite imikandara y'igihe, ni ngombwa gukurikiza neza ibisabwa mu gitabo cy'amabwiriza yo kubungabunga ikinyabiziga no kubisimbuza mu rugendo rw'ibirometero ibihumbi 6 - 10. Ni byiza gusimbuza icyuma gihagarika imodoka n'uruziga rw'igihe hamwe n'umukandara w'igihe mu gihe cyo gusimbuza kugira ngo hirindwe kwangiza umukandara mushya bitewe n'ikosa ry'ibice bishaje. Ku binyabiziga bifite imikandara y'igihe, nubwo nta gusimbuza guhoraho bikenewe, nyuma yo gutwara ibirometero ibihumbi 8, hagomba gukorwa igenzura rihoraho ku rugero rw'umukandara n'uko umukandara uhagaze, kandi hagakoreshwa amavuta ya moteri ajyanye n'amabwiriza kugira ngo hamenyekane ko amavuta ahagije. Iyo ibimenyetso bidasanzwe nk'urusaku rwa moteri, gutakaza ingufu, cyangwa ibindi bintu bidasobanutse neza bigaragaye, ni ngombwa guhita usura ikigo cy'inzobere mu gusana kugira ngo gisuzumwe. Ntugire ikibazo cyo mu mutwe, kuko amakosa mato ashobora kwiyongera akabyara ibibazo bikomeye.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
