Igikapu cy'umwuka cy'inyongera cy'imodoka ni iki?
Agafuka k'umwuka k'imodoka, gakunze kwitwa agakapu k'umwuka k'abagenzi, ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'uburyo bw'umutekano bw'imodoka (SRS, Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System), kagenewe by'umwihariko kurinda abagenzi bari mu ntebe yabo mu gihe cy'impanuka, kagabanya imvune.
Ingingo z'ingenzi:
- Ibisobanuro n'aho biherereye: Agafuka k'umwuka k'umugenzi gashyirwa imbere y'intebe y'umugenzi, akenshi hejuru y'agasanduku k'uturindantoki cyangwa imbere mu gice cy'iburyo cy'aho baterura ibyuma. Ubuso bwako akenshi bwanditseho inyuguti "AIRBAG" cyangwa "SRS".
- Ihame ry'imikorere: Iyo ikinyabiziga kigize impanuka ikomeye imbere (nk'iyo kigenda ku muvuduko urenze kilometero 30 ku isaha kandi kikagongana muri dogere 60 imbere), sensor yohereza ikimenyetso ku cyuma gikoresha ikoranabuhanga (ECU), bigatuma moteri ya gaze yuzura vuba azote kugira ngo ishyire umwuka mu gikapu. Ibi birema umusego w'umwuka urinda umuvuduko ukora nk'aho ari buffer mbere yuko umuntu urimo ahura n' "impanuka y'inyongera" n'ibintu bikomeye biri imbere mu kinyabiziga (nk'ikibaho cyo kuri interineti).
- Ingaruka zo kurinda: Iyo ikoreshejwe hamwe n'imikandara y'umutekano, ishobora kugabanya ingaruka ku mutwe ku kigero cya 75% no kugabanya imvune zo mu gatuza ku kigero cya 44%.
- Gukoresha gusa bishobora gutera izindi mvune (nk'ubushye mu maso, gucika intege mu ijosi) bitewe no gusohora vuba.
- Amabwiriza agenga ikoreshwa: Abana bari munsi y'imyaka 12 ntibagomba kwicara mu ntebe y'abagenzi; nubwo haba hari agasanduku k'umwuka gakoresha umwuka, ni byiza kwirinda kugakoresha.
- Imbaraga z'ingaruka mu gihe cyo gushyiraho: Imbaraga z'ikoreshwa ry'umufuka w'umwuka zishobora kugera kuri kg 200-500. Iyo udafite umukandara cyangwa ufite umubiri urembeje imbere, bishobora gutera ibikomere bikomeye cyangwa ndetse n'impanuka.
- Ubwoko bwihariye: Vuba aha, zimwe mu modoka zongeyeho "agakapu k'umwuka gafite ubwoko bw'umusego w'intebe y'abagenzi", gashyirwa imbere y'umusego w'intebe kandi ahanini gakora kubuza umugenzi kugenda hasi kugira ngo amaguru adatembera mu cyumba cy'uturindantoki, bityo bigatuma umuntu yicara neza kugira ngo yongere imikorere myiza y'umukandara w'intebe.
- Amakosa n'isuku: Iyo itara rya SRS yerekana kuri dashboard rihora ricanye cyangwa ricanye iyo ritangiye, bigaragaza ko sisitemu yangiritse kandi bisaba ko ivugururwa ryihuta ry’umwuga.
- Agafuka k'umwuka ni ikintu gikoreshwa rimwe gusa. Nyuma yo guturika, sisitemu yose (harimo sensors, ECU, icyuma gikoresha agafuka k'umwuka, nibindi) igomba gusimburwa.
- Ibitekerezo byihariye:
- Agafuka k'umwuka k'umugenzi (ni ukuvuga agafuka k'umwuka kari mu ntebe y'umugenzi) ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'umutekano w'imodoka, cyane cyane gatanga uburyo bwo kurinda abari mu ntebe y'umugenzi mu gihe cy'impanuka, bigagabanya imvune. Dukurikije amakuru aheruka kuboneka ku mugaragaro, imikorere yako y'ingenzi n'imikorere yayo ni iyi ikurikira:
- Inshingano nyamukuru: Gutera imbaraga mu kirere; kuzura umwuka vuba kugira ngo habeho umusego w'umwuka wo kwinjiza imbaraga zo kugongana no kugabanya imbaraga zo kugongana ku mutwe no ku gituza cy'umuntu uri mu cyumba.
- Kwirinda ko habaho impanuka ya kabiri: Kwirinda gukoranaho hagati y'umubiri w'umuntu n'ibintu bikomeye biri mu modoka (nk'agasanduku k'imodoka, aho imodoka ihagarara).
- Guhuza imikandara y'umutekano: Iyo ikoreshejwe hamwe n'imikandara y'umutekano, ishobora kongera cyane ingaruka zo kurinda - ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ishobora kugabanya imbaraga zo gutera ku mutwe ku kigero cya 75%.
- Imiterere y'ibitero: Ubusanzwe, bisaba umuvuduko urenze kilometero 30 ku isaha kandi ikagongana na dogere 60 imbere.
- Uburyo sisitemu isubiza bwihuta cyane: Kuva kuri sensor ibonye impanuka kugeza kuri airbag yuzuye, bifata amasegonda agera kuri 0.015 (milisegonda 15).
- Ubwoko n'imikorere yagutse:
- Agakapu k'umwuka gasanzwe k'abagenzi imbere: Gashyizwe iburyo bwa konsole cyangwa hejuru y'aho imodoka ihagarara, ahanini karinda umutwe n'igituza.
- Agafuka k'umwuka gafite ubwoko bwa servicing y'umugenzi: Gashyirwa imbere y'agafuka k'intebe, gakoreshwa mu kubuza umugenzi kugenda cyane imbere, kongerera ubushobozi umukandara wo mu ntebe no kugabanya imvune zo mu maguru no mu kibuno. Niba ugomba kugenda mu modoka, akazi ko gufunga agafuka k'umwuka gakwiye gukoreshwa (imwe mu miterere ishyigikira gukuramo intoki cyangwa kwiyambura icyuma).
Ntugashyire ibintu bikomeye mu mwanya w’abagenzi bicayeho: nk'amacupa ahumura neza, udupfunyika twa terefone, n'ibindi. Iyo agafuka k'umwuka gatangiye gukoreshwa, gashobora kuguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi bigatuma habaho imvune nyinshi.
Inzira z'ikoranabuhanga
Moderi zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zikoresha "ikoranabuhanga rya kabiri ry'izamuka ry'ibiciro", zihindura ingano y'izamuka ry'ibiciro mu gikapu cy'umwuka hakurikijwe imbaraga z'impanuka.
Amwe mu mamodeli (nk'iya Ideal L9) akemura ikibazo cyo guhuza ecran nini n'aho airbag ishyirwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya patente.
Icyitonderwa: Mu myaka ya vuba aha, amwe mu mamodoka yo ku rwego rwo hejuru (nk'iya Changan Lumin Treasure Edition) yakuyeho agakapu k'imodoka gakoresha abagenzi kugira ngo igenzure ikiguzi, ibi bikaba byaratangiye ibiganiro rusange ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'umutekano.
Mu gihe uguze imodoka, ni byiza guhitamo ubwoko bufite imifuka y'umwuka imbere n'inyuma.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
