Puli y'amazi yo mu modoka ni iki?
Puli y'amazi yo mu modoka ni igice cy'ingenzi muri sisitemu yo gutwara moteri, iri mu cyiciro cy'ibice bya disiki. Ni ubwoko bwa puli kandi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kohereza imbaraga za moteri kuri pompe y'amazi kugira ngo itere icyuma gikonjesha mu mazi kizenguruka muri moteri, bityo ubushyuhe bwa moteri bukomeze kuba busanzwe.
Imikorere y'ibanze
Ingufu zo kohereza: Binyuze mu mukandara w'inyongera (nk'umukandara w'igihe cyangwa umukandara wa V), pulley ya pompe y'amazi yakira ingufu zizunguruka zivuye kuri pulley ya crankshaft (isoko y'ingufu za moteri), hanyuma igatwara impeller ya pompe y'amazi kugira ngo izenguruke.
Ishingiro rya sisitemu yo gukonjesha: Gukomeza gutembera neza kw'icyuma gikonjesha, gutwara ubushyuhe buva muri moteri ukabujyana kuri radiator kugira ngo bushire, no gukumira ubushyuhe bukabije.
Imiterere n'ibikoresho
Iyo ingano ari nini, uburyo bwo gucukura bukunze gukoreshwa, kandi ibikoresho muri rusange biba ari icyuma gikozwe mu ibumba;
Iyo ingano ari nto, uburyo bwo gucura bukunze gukoreshwa, kandi ibikoresho ahanini biba ari icyuma.
Uruhare muri sisitemu
Muri sisitemu y'umukandara wa moteri, pulley y'amazi ni kimwe mu bice bitanu by'ingenzi. Ibindi birimo:
Puli ya Crankshaft (isoko y'amashanyarazi)
Puli ya moteri
Puli ya compressor ikoresha umuyaga ushyushye
Puli ikomeza gukaza umuvuduko w'umukandara (ikomeza gukaza umuvuduko w'umukandara)
Ingamba zo kwirinda kubungabungwa
Reba buri gihe niba umukandara warangiritse cyangwa urekuye kugira ngo wirinde ko pompe y'amazi igenda nabi igabanya ubushyuhe;
Witondere urwego rw'ibikoresho bikonjesha n'ubwiza bwabyo kugira ngo urebe ko bikonjesha neza.
Puli ya pompe y'amazi ni isoko y'ingufu za moteri "système à consolidation", kandi ni ingenzi cyane mu kurinda imikorere ya moteri n'igihe imara.
Imirimo yihariye ni iyi ikurikira:
Ingufu zo kohereza: Puli ya pompe y'amazi ihuza na puli ya crankshaft inyuze mu mukandara w'inyongera (nk'umukandara w'igihe cyangwa umukandara wa V), yakira ingufu ziturutse kuri crankshaft ya moteri, kandi igatuma impeller ya pompe y'amazi izenguruka.
Gukomeza gukonjesha: Gukoresha pompe y'amazi, bituma icyuma gikonjesha kigenda gitembera hagati y'inzira z'amazi za moteri na radiator, bigakuraho ubushyuhe buterwa no gutwika vuba, kandi bikarinda ubushyuhe bukabije.
Reba neza ko sisitemu ihuzwa: Iyo pompo y'amazi yangiritse cyangwa umukandara ukagwa, ntabwo pompe y'amazi izahagarara gukora gusa, ahubwo ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bindi bice byishingikiriza ku mukandara umwe, nka moteri, compressor y'umwuka utanga ubukonje, nibindi.
Muri make, pulley ya pompe y'amazi ni isoko y'ingufu za moteri "système à consolidation", kandi ni ingenzi cyane mu kurinda imikorere ya moteri n'igihe imara.
Amakosa mu muyoboro w’amazi w’imodoka ashobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha moteri, ndetse ashobora no guteza ibibazo bikomeye bya mekanike. Dukurikije amakuru aheruka yemewe ya rubanda (kugera muri Gashyantare 2026), ibimenyetso by’ingenzi, impamvu, n’ingaruka ni ibi bikurikira:
Ibimenyetso by'amakosa y'ingenzi
Amajwi adasanzwe: Nk'amajwi yo gucuranga, gucuranga, gukanda, cyangwa gukubita, bishobora guterwa no kwangirika kw'ibice by'imbere, impeller irekuye, cyangwa gucikamo ibice.
Igikoresho gikonjesha kiva: Impeta zifunga zishaje zituma igikoresho gikonjesha kiva mu gice cy'aho amazi akorera.
Kunyerera cyangwa kuvunika k'umukandara: Umukandara uba urekuye cyane, ufunganye cyane, cyangwa ushaje, bigatuma pompe y'amazi idakora neza.
Ubushyuhe bw'amazi buri hejuru cyane: Inzira y'amazi ikonjesha irafunze, igipimo cy'ubushyuhe kizamuka vuba, ndetse kigatera inzogera y'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Impamvu zisanzwe z'amakosa
Kurashaza kw'impeta yo gufunga: Gukoreshwa igihe kirekire cyangwa kwangirika n'icyuma gikonjesha, gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gufunga, bigatera gusohoka.
Kudakora neza kw'amapine cyangwa amavuta adahagije: Bituma ipompo y'amazi izenguruka nabi, urusaku rudasanzwe, cyangwa ndetse no gufata. Kudakora neza kw'umukandara: Gufunga cyane byongera umutwaro, gucika intege cyane bitera kunyerera, byombi bikihutisha gusaza kw'ipompo.
Kutabungabunga neza icyuma gikonjesha: Kudasimbuza icyuma gikonjesha buri gihe bitera ingese imbere, kwirundanya kw'ibipimo, no kwangiza impeller n'inzira z'amazi.
Ibice by'impeller cyangwa rotator birekuye cyangwa byangiritse: Ibyuma birebire cyane cyangwa byangiritse, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere myiza ya pompe kandi bigatanga amajwi y'ingaruka.
Ingaruka zishobora kubaho
Ihererekanya ry'amashanyarazi rirafunze: Imashini itwara moteri, pompe y'amazi, n'ibindi bikoresho, kandi kwangirika kwayo bigira ingaruka ku buryo bw'amashanyarazi bw'imodoka.
Kongera ikoreshwa rya lisansi: Moteri igomba kongera umuvuduko wayo wo kuzenguruka kugira ngo yishyure igihombo cy'ingufu, bigabanye imikorere myiza ya lisansi. Ibice bigize lisansi byihutisha kwangirika: Moteri zitanga amashanyarazi, pompe z'amazi, nibindi birashira bitewe n'amashanyarazi adahoraho.
Ingaruka z'umutekano w'imodoka: Bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye nko gushyuha cyane moteri no kugabanuka kwa batiri.
Ingamba zo guhangana n'ikibazo zatanzwe:
Hagarara ako kanya kugira ngo urebe: Iyo hagaragaye urusaku rudasanzwe, amazi atemba cyangwa ubushyuhe budasanzwe bw'amazi, hagarika imodoka ako kanya kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kwa moteri.
Gusuzuma indwara: Jya aho ukorera ubuvuzi busanzwe kandi wibande ku gusuzuma indwara:
Imikandara n'ubusa bw'imikandara
Niba amapine y'amazi yafatiwe cyangwa yarekuye
Niba icyuma gikonjesha kirimo kuva cyangwa cyangiritse
Hindura vuba: Iyo icyuma gifunga amazi cyangwa ibyuma byangiritse, ubusanzwe icyuma cyose gifunga amazi kigomba gusimburwa; ni byiza kandi gusimbuza umukandara w'igihe (niba bishoboka) n'icyuma gikonjesha icyarimwe.
Icyitonderwa: Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe (nka Peugeot 4008) bukoresha pompe z'amazi zigenzurwa na electromagnetic. Ntizikora ku bushyuhe buri hasi. Niba hari urusaku rudasanzwe muri iki gihe, ni ngombwa kwemeza niba biterwa n'ingufu zidasanzwe za electromagnetic clutch.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
