Umugenzuzi wo Gukoresha Ingufu: Umugenzuzi Utagaragara n'Umukozi Usubiza Amakosa muri Sisitemu y'Ingufu z'Imodoka
Mu buryo bugoye bw'ingufu z'imodoka, nubwo icyuma gitanga ingufu kitagaragara cyane nka moteri cyangwa boritike, kigira uruhare runini. Ni nk'icyuma gitanga ingufu gihora gihindura ibipimo hashingiwe ku mikorere ya moteri kugira ngo gitange ingufu zihoraho kandi zinoze mu modoka.
Inshingano y'ingenzi y'icyuma gikoresha charger y'imodoka
Igenzura ryo gusharija imodoka rigizwe ahanini n'ibikoresho bigenzura gusharija sisitemu y'amashanyarazi n'ibikoresho bigenzura moteri, buri kimwe kigakora inshingano zacyo kugira ngo kigumane imikorere isanzwe y'ikinyabiziga.
Muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi y'imodoka, umuyoboro ugenzura gusharija ni wo ushinzwe akazi gakomeye ko gushimangira amashanyarazi. Umuvuduko wa moteri ni munini, kandi ingufu z'amashanyarazi zisohoka muri moteri zirahindagurika uko bikwiye. Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi biri mu modoka, nk'amatara, sisitemu z'amajwi, n'uburyo bwo kugenda mu modoka, byose bisaba ingufu zihamye kugira ngo bikore neza. Umuyoboro ugenzura gusharija ugenzura ingano y'amashanyarazi ya rukuruzi ari muri moteri, wongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi iyo umuvuduko wa moteri uri hasi kandi ukayigabanya iyo umuvuduko uri hejuru, ugashimangira ingufu z'amashanyarazi zisohoka muri moteri ku giciro cyagenwe (ubusanzwe hafi 14.0V) kugira ngo ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi by'imodoka bitabangamirwa n'ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi. Muri icyo gihe, ifite kandi inshingano zo gukumira ingufu zikabije zo gushyushya no guca ingufu zisubira inyuma, kwirinda kwangirika kwa bateri na moteri bitewe n'imbaraga zikabije zo gushyushya, gukumira ko bateri isohora umuriro mwinshi no kwangirika kw'imirongo ya moteri, no kongera igihe cy'ubuzima bwa bateri na moteri.
Umugenzuzi w’icyiciro cya moteri yibanda ku kunoza imikorere ya moteri mu gutwika. Urugero, umugenzuzi w’icyiciro cya VVT ashobora guhindura icyiciro cya camshaft hakurikijwe impinduka mu mikorere ya moteri, bityo agahindura ingano y’injira n’isohoka ry’umwuka, akagenzura igihe cyo gufungura no gufunga n’inguni ya valve. Mu mikorere y’umuvuduko muto cyangwa muto, umugenzuzi w’icyiciro cyo gufunga azamura neza igihe cyo gufunga valve, agatuma injira igenda gahoro, yongera ubwihindurize n’ingaruka zo kuzunguruka muri silinda, bigatuma imvange ihinduka imwe, yongera ubudahangarwa bwo gutwika, kandi yongera umuvuduko muto, bigatuma imodoka itambuka neza; iyo moteri iri ku muvuduko mwinshi cyangwa ifite umutwaro mwinshi, izatinza igihe cyo gufunga valve, yongera uburebure bw’injira, yemerera umwuka mwinshi kwinjira muri silinda, kandi igahuza n’igihe cyo gushyiramo lisansi nyuma kugira ngo habeho uruvange rwinshi, yongera ingufu za moteri, ihaza ibyo imodoka zikeneye mu kwihutisha cyangwa gutwara umuvuduko mwinshi.
Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'uko imodoka idakora neza mu gushyushya charger
Iyo icyuma gipima umuriro w'imodoka kinaniwe, kizagaragaza ibintu bitameze neza mu bice byinshi by'imodoka.
Iyo icyuma gitanga ingufu kidakora neza, ikintu gikunze kugaragara ni uko icyuma gitanga ingufu kidatanga amashanyarazi. Muri iki gihe, itara ryerekana batiri riri kuri dashboard riracana, ibi akenshi biterwa no kwangirika kwa transistor y’amashanyarazi cyangwa transistor ya Darlington. Hashobora kandi kubaho amashanyarazi menshi cyane, bigatuma batiri yongera ingufu, bigatuma batiri ikoresha umuriro mwinshi, ndetse bigatuma batiri yangirika, bikagaragara nk’amashanyarazi ari munsi ya 10V, bigatuma imodoka idashobora gutangira. Byongeye kandi, icyuma gitanga ingufu cyangiritse kizatuma imodoka igorwa no kwihuta, kongera ikoreshwa rya lisansi, no kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y’imodoka.
Ikosa ryo kugenzura moteri rizagira ingaruka zitaziguye ku ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi ya moteri no ku buryo ikoresha lisansi ihagije. Iyo habayeho ikibazo, moteri ishobora kugira ikibazo cyo kudakora neza, gutigita cyane, umuvuduko muto w'amashanyarazi udahagije, no gutangira buhoro buhoro kw'imodoka; ku muvuduko mwinshi, ingufu ntizishobora kugera ku rwego rusanzwe, kandi umuvuduko w'umuvuduko uragabanuka. Muri icyo gihe, bitewe no kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo gutwika, ikoreshwa rya lisansi ry'imodoka riziyongera cyane, kandi imyuka ihumanya ishobora kurenza urugero.
Gusuzuma no gukemura ibibazo byo gukoresha uburyo bwo gushyushya imodoka
Ku kibazo cyo gupima amashanyarazi, uburyo bw'abahanga mu gupima bushobora gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma. Urugero, mu gusuzuma ikinyabiziga, hashobora gukoreshwa amashanyarazi ya DC ya 10 - 20V (cyangwa 20 - 40V), ahuzwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwihariye, kandi hakagaragara impinduka mu gipimo cy'amashanyarazi cyangwa imiterere y'igitereko kugira ngo hapimwe voltage igenzura y'umugenzuzi. Iyo voltage itari hagati ya 13.6 na 14.5V, bigaragaza ko umugenzuzi afite ikibazo. Muri rusange, ibyuma bigenzura amashanyarazi bidashobora gusanwa iyo byangiritse kandi bishobora gusimburwa gusa. Mu kubisimbuza, ni ngombwa guhitamo umugenzuzi ukwiye uhuye n'uwa mbere mu bijyanye na voltage, polarity y'ubutaka, n'ibindi bisobanuro. Ingano ya voltage n'imiterere yo gufunga by'umugenzuzi na moteri nabyo bigomba kuba bihuye.
Gusuzuma ibyuma bigenzura moteri mu buryo bw'ingufu biragoye cyane kandi akenshi bisaba gukoresha ibikoresho by'umwuga byo gusuzuma imodoka. Gusoma kode z'ikosa za moteri, gusesengura amakuru y'icyiciro cya camshaft, nibindi. Iyo ikibazo kimaze kumenyekana, ku bikoresho bigenzura moteri bikoresha hydraulic, bishobora kuba ngombwa kugenzura niba urusobe rw'amavuta ya hydraulic rwafunzwe kandi niba impeta yo gufunga yangiritse; ku bikoresho bigenzura moteri bikoresha amashanyarazi, ni ngombwa kugenzura niba urusobe rw'amashanyarazi na moteri ari ibisanzwe. Hari igihe ibice byangiritse bikenera gusimburwa.
Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kubungabunga buri munsi modulators z'imodoka
Kugira ngo bigabanye ibibazo byo kwangirika kwa modulator y'imodoka, kubungabunga buri munsi ni ingenzi cyane. Ubwa mbere, kugenzura buri gihe sisitemu y'amashanyarazi y'imodoka ni ngombwa kugira ngo insinga hagati ya moteri n'umugenzuzi zihamye, hirindwe amakosa nko gushyaja bidakomeye bitewe n'insinga zidakora neza. Icya kabiri, hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'igitabo cy'amabwiriza yo kubungabunga imodoka, simbuza amavuta ya moteri, filters z'umwuka, nibindi, kugira ngo urebe neza isuku y'imbere muri moteri kandi utange ahantu heza ho gukorera ku mugenzuzi w'ingufu. Byongeye kandi, mugihe usimbura bateri cyangwa moteri, hitamo ibikoresho bihuye n'imodoka kugira ngo wirinde kwangiza modulator bitewe no kudahuza neza kw'amashanyarazi cyangwa ibindi bibazo.
Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cy'ingufu z'imodoka, modulators z'imodoka ntizikwiye gusuzugurwa. Gusobanukirwa imikorere yazo, ibimenyetso by'amakosa, n'uburyo bwo gusuzuma no gukemura ibibazo bishobora gufasha ba nyir'imodoka kumenya no gukemura ibibazo vuba, bigatuma imodoka ikora neza kandi ikamara igihe kirekire.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
