Ni izihe valve zo kwinjira mu modoka?
Valve yo kwinjira ni ingenzi mu buryo moteri ikoresha, ishinzwe gukurura umwuka mwiza (cyangwa imvange isharira) muri silinda mu gihe cy'akazi kugira ngo ishyuhe.
Imikorere y'ibanze
Guhumeka umwuka: Mu gihe cyo guhumeka umwuka, valve yo kwinjiramo irakinguka, ikoresheje umuvuduko ukabije uterwa no kugenda hasi kwa piston kugira ngo ikurure umwuka (cyangwa uruvange rw'umwuka na lisansi) muri silindiri.
Kwitegura gutwika: Bitanga ogisijeni ikenewe mu bikorwa byo gukanda no gutwika bikurikira, bigatuma lisansi ishya neza.
Gufunga silinda: Mu gihe cyo gukanda, gukoresha ingufu no gusohora umwuka, valve ifata umwuka irafunga, hamwe na valve isohora umwuka, kugira ngo silinda ikomeze gufunga.
Imiterere n'Ibiranga
Imiterere: Igizwe n'umutwe w'agakingirizo n'umugongo w'agakingirizo. Umutwe usanzwe uba ufite hejuru igororotse, hejuru ifite uruziga, cyangwa hejuru ifite trumpet, aho hejuru ifite uburebure ari yo ikunze kugaragara cyane.
Ibikoresho: Igizwe ahanini n'ibikoresho bya alloy nka chrome steel na nickel-chrome steel kugira ngo yihangane n'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'imbaraga za mekanike.
Ingano: Ubusanzwe iba nini kurusha valve isohora umwuka kugira ngo igabanye ubushobozi bwo kwinjira no kunoza imikorere myiza yo gusharija.
Inguni ifite ishusho y'urukiramende: Akenshi iba ifite dogere 45, kandi zimwe mu ngero (nka CA1091) zikoresha dogere 30 kugira ngo zigabanye uburyo bwo kwirinda kwinjira mu mubiri.
Itwarwa na camshaft, igenzurwa ifunguka kandi igafunga binyuze muri tappet, pushrod (cyangwa ikoresheje ukuboko kwa rocker).
Igihe cyo gufungura no gufunga kigenzurwa neza n'igihe cya valve, gihuzwa n'inguni ya crankshaft, kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwiza bwo guhanahana umwuka.
Ibitekerezo Bisanzwe Bitari byo Gusobanura
Ntabwo ari umugozi: Umugozi uba uri mu muyoboro w'amazi kandi ugenzura ingano y'amazi yose; umugozi w'amazi uba uri ku mutwe wa silinda kandi ugenzura igihe cy'amazi yo mu bwoko bwa silinda imwe.
Si accelerator: Accelerator ni pedal ikoreshwa n'umushoferi, igenzurwa n'ikoranabuhanga cyangwa imashini kugira ngo ifungure throttle.
Ingaruka z'ikosa
Iyo valve yo kwinjira yangiritse (nk'ihindagurika ry'ikirere, kwiyongera kwa karuboni, cyangwa kuziba neza), bishobora gutera:
Ingufu za moteri zagabanutse
Kudakora neza no kwihuta gukomeye Kugorwa no gutangira
Imyotsi isohora umwotsi w'umukara cyangwa hari urusaku rudasanzwe ruterwa n'amazi asohoka
Moteri nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha imiterere ya vali nyinshi (nk'amavali 4 kuri silinda, izwi nka "16V"), kugira ngo zongere imikorere myiza y'ingufu zinjira n'izisohora amazi no kunoza imikorere y'umuriro.
Valve yo kwinjira ni ingenzi muri sisitemu ya moteri yo kuyobora valve. Imirimo yayo y'ingenzi ni iyi ikurikira:
-吸入 umwuka mwiza (cyangwa imvange isharira) muri silindiri: Mu gihe cyo gukurura umwuka, valve isharira irakinguka, bigatuma umwuka (muri moteri za lisansi, akenshi uvangwa na lisansi kugira ngo ukore imvange isharira) winjira mu cyumba cyo gutwika, bigatuma habaho imiterere ikenewe yo gutwika.
- Gucunga neza imikorere y'umuriro: Mu kugenzura neza ingano y'ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa, kugenzura ko lisansi yatwitswe neza, bityo moteri ikongera ingufu zayo kandi ikanakoresha lisansi neza.
- Gukorana na vali yo gusohora umwuka: Hamwe na vali yo gusohora umwuka, irangiza uruziga rwa "intake - compression - power - exhaust" rw'imirongo ine, ikomeza gukora neza kwa moteri.
Iyo valve yo kwinjiramo ikoze nabi (nk'ubwiyongere bwa karuboni, kuziba neza, cyangwa gufata), bishobora guteza ibibazo bikurikira:
- Ingufu za moteri zagabanutse, gutigita, kudahindagurika
- Kwihutisha nabi, gutangira bigoranye
- Isohora umwotsi w'umukara, ikoreshwa ry'ibikomoka kuri peteroli ryiyongereye
Moteri zigezweho muri rusange zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya multi-valve (nk'ama-valve 4 kuri silinda: 2 intake na 2 intake), kugira ngo zongere imikorere myiza y'intake n'intake kandi zinoze imikorere y'umuriro.
Kunanirwa kwa valve y'imodoka ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere isanzwe ya moteri, bigatera imikorere mibi itandukanye. Dukurikije amakuru yemewe ya rubanda, ibimenyetso byayo by'ingenzi, impamvu, n'ibisubizo ni ibi bikurikira:
- Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi
- Gutigita kwa moteri cyangwa kudakora neza: Gufunga neza valve yo kwinjira cyangwa ubwiyongere bwa karuboni bitera imvange idahuye muri buri silindiri, bigatuma ingufu zisohoka zidakora neza, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'ubukonje cyangwa igihe nta gukora neza.
- Gutangiza bigoranye: Gufunga neza kwa valve bitera kugabanuka k'igipimo cyo gukanda muri silinda, kandi icyuma gifunga umuriro ntigishobora gutwika uruvange rwose nyuma yo gutwika, bigasaba kugerageza inshuro nyinshi gutangira .
- Ingufu zigabanuka: Ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu gutwara ibintu butari bwiza cyangwa ubwinshi bubi bw'ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu gutwara ibintu, bigatuma lisansi igabanuka, umuvuduko ugabanuka, kandi bigatuma lisansi idashobora gukwirakwira.
- Kutabasha gusohora umwuka udasanzwe:
Umuyoboro w'imyotsi usohora umwotsi w'umukara (umuriro utuzuye) ；
Mu bihe bikomeye, ishobora gusohora umwotsi w'ubururu (amavuta yatwitse, niba agapfundikizo k'amavuta ka valve nako kangiritse).
- Urusaku rudasanzwe:
Ijwi "rishyushye" rishobora kumvikana hafi y'uruhande rw'aho umuntu afatira umwuka cyangwa hafi y'aho umuntu afatira umwuka iyo valve y'aho umuntu afatira umwuka iva;
Mu gihe moteri ikora, ijwi "rikubita cyane" rishobora kumvikana, rigaragaza ko valve ikomanga.
- Ibindi bimenyetso:
Umwotsi mwinshi uva kuri filter y'umwuka;
Exhaust manifold ishyuha cyane ndetse ikanagaragaza "ibintu bishimishije".
Impamvu zisanzwe ziterwa n'ikosa
- Kwiyongera cyane kwa karuboni: Gukoresha lisansi idahagije igihe kirekire, gutwara imodoka mu ntera ngufi, kwangirika kw'ikimenyetso cy'amavuta ya valve, nibindi, bituma ibintu bimeze nk'ibishishwa bipfundika, bigira ingaruka ku gufungura cyangwa gufunga kwa valve.
- Kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika k'ubuso bwo gufunga valve: Umwobo cyangwa ibihombo ku buso buhuza valve n'impeta y'intebe mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi, bigatera gusohoka.
- Icyuho kinini kiri hagati y'umugongo wa valve n'umuyoboro uyobora: Valve iranyeganyega cyangwa iragonga, ntishobora gushyirwaho neza cyangwa gufungwa neza.
- Kunanirwa kw'isoko ry'ingufu: Uburimbane buke cyangwa kuvunika kw'isoko, bibuza ingufu gufunga neza .
- Guhindura uburyo valve ifunguka nabi: Uduce twa valve dufunguka bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma ifunga nabi.
- Intambwe zo kuvura zitangwa
- Kwisuzuma bwa mbere:
Reba niba warigeze gukoresha lisansi idakomeye vuba aha;
Reba niba hari ibimenyetso bisanzwe nk'umwotsi w'umukara, urusaku rudasanzwe, cyangwa kunyeganyega.
- Koresha igikoresho cyo gusuzuma indwara ya OBD:
Soma kode z'ikosa, nk'amakode yo kuzimya umuriro (P0300 series), sensor idasanzwe ya ogisijeni (P0130), n'ibindi, kugira ngo bigufashe mu gusuzuma .
- Gusana by'umwuga
Niba bikekwa ko valve yo kwinjira ari yo itera ikibazo, igipfukisho cya valve kigomba gusenywa kugira ngo harebwe aho valve iherereye, imikorere yo kuziba, n'ubwinshi bwa karuboni;
Niba karuboni yiyongera cyane, tekereza ku "gusukura uburyo bwo kwinjizamo imiti" cyangwa "gukuraho uburyo bwo gusukura n'intoki" ；
Iyo valve yahiye, yangiritse, cyangwa ifite agace gafunga nabi, ubusanzwe ni ngombwa "gusimbuza valve" cyangwa "gusana impeta y'intebe ya valve".
- Ingamba zo kwirinda
Koresha lisansi n'inyongeramusaruro byiza buri gihe;
Sukura ububiko bwa karuboni buri kilometero 20,000 (cyane cyane igice cyo ku mugozi n'ikintu cyo kwinjiramo). Simbuza utudomo tw'amavuta ya valve n'utuyunguruzo dutatu nk'uko amabwiriza y'igitabo abiteganya.
Icyitonderwa: Iyo ikibazo cya valve yo kwinjira kirengagijwe, gishobora kwangiza bikomeye imikorere y'icyuma nko gufata valve cyangwa piston igakubita valve, kandi ikiguzi cyo kuyisana kiziyongera cyane.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
