Ku bijyanye n'inkoni yo gusimbura, tugomba kuvuga ku iterambere ryihuse rya shift rod y'ikoranabuhanga, ubundi bwoko bwa shift rod, ikindi gisobanuro kirambuye.
Ubu hari ubwoko bune bw'abahindura ku isoko. Ukurikije amateka y'iterambere, ni: MT (ManualTransmissionShifter, manual shift lever) - > AT (AutomaticTransmissionTransmissionShifter, Automatic gear lever) kugeza kuri AMT (AutomatedMechanicalTransmissionShifter, semi-automatic gear lever), GSM (GearShiftModule, cyangwa SBW = ShiftByWire, electronic gear lever)
Kubera ko inkoni yo gusimbura ya MT na AT ari imiterere y’ikoranabuhanga gusa, nta sano ifite n’iyo nkoni yo gusimbura ya elegitoroniki. Bityo, nk’uko byasobanuwe mu ntangiriro, hakozwe indi nkingi.
Mbere yuko tuvuga ku gikoresho cyo gusimbuza amashanyarazi, reka tuvuge ku gikoresho cyo gusimbuza amashanyarazi cya AMT.
Igikoresho cya AMT ntikira gusa imiterere ya MT/AT neza, ahubwo gikoresha induction ya electromagnetic kugira ngo kimenye aho giherereye cyangwa kitabimenye, ahubwo gikoresha ibimenyetso bisohoka by’aho giherereye. Mu magambo make, igikoresho cya AMT cyangwa igice cyacyo gihuza gifite magnets zifite inkingi nziza na mbi mu majyaruguru no mu majyepfo, kandi gihindura aho giherereye binyuze mu myanya itandukanye ya magnets. Ikibaho cy’ibanze (PCB) gifite SENSOR IC kuri AMT shift lever gitanga induction ya magnetic kuri magnets mu myanya itandukanye kandi kigatanga amashanyarazi atandukanye. Module ya poroseseri y’ikinyabiziga izahindura amashanyarazi ajyanye n’amashanyarazi cyangwa ibimenyetso bitandukanye.
Ukurikije imiterere, AMT shift rod iragoye kurusha MT/AT shift rod, ikoranabuhanga rirazamutse, ikiguzi cy'igice kimwe kirahenze cyane, ariko ku modoka zikora akazi ko gutwara imodoka, gukoresha AMT shift rod, igihe cyose ihinduka rito, ni ukuvuga, rishobora gukoresha ingufu za MT, bityo igiciro rusange cy'imodoka kizaba gito.
Kuki AMT shift lever ikoreshwa? Ni ukubera ko electron shift rod ikoresha kandi ihame ryo guhindura electromagnetic ya AMT shift rod mu guhindura vitesi.
Ariko, hari itandukaniro hagati yo kugira Micro-CPU kuri substrate no kutagira.
Iyo substrate (PCB) ifite Micro-CPU, izatandukanya umuriro utandukanye, yemeze ibikoresho biyijyanye, kandi yohereze amakuru y'ibikoresho biyijyanye kuri ECU y'imodoka mu buryo bwihariye bwo kohereza (nk'ikimenyetso cya CAN). Amakuru yakirwa na ECU zijyanye nayo (urugero: TCM, TransmissionControl) kandi kohereza bitegetswe guhinduka. Iyo nta Micro-CPU iri ku kibaho cy'ibanze (PCB), lever ya electronic shift ubwayo izoherezwa kuri ECU y'imodoka binyuze mu kimenyetso cy'insinga kugira ngo ihindure ibikoresho.
Dushobora kuvuga ko gukoresha AMT shift bar ari uburyo bwo guhuza imodoka na OEM ku giciro gito cyo gukora imodoka, ifite ingano nini ya MT / AT shift bar ndetse n'amahitamo ya electromagnetic induction. Ariko, guhitamo electromagnetic shift bar ntibigarukira ku bunini, bityo electromagnetic shift bar ubu irakorwa hagamijwe miniaturization nk'ishingiro. Kubwibyo, hashobora gusigara umwanya munini mu gishushanyo cy'imodoka. Byongeye kandi, ibipimo nka shift rod Stroke na Operation Force nabyo bishobora kunozwa ugereranije na mechanical shift rod, bigatuma igikorwa cyoroha ku mushoferi.
Kugeza ubu, ubwoko bwa Lever y'ikoranabuhanga ku isoko ni ubu bukurikira: Ubwoko bwa Lever, Ubwoko bwa Rotary/Dial, Ubwoko bwa Push Switch, Ubwoko bwa Lever y'inkingi.
Dufashe urugero rw'akabuto, gashobora gusubira kuri gikoresho cya P hanyuma kagafungwa na BTSI (BRAKING TRANSMISSION SHIFT INTERLOCK) cyangwa kagashyirwaho autonomous lift off. Muri sisitemu y'imodoka, feri ifite porogaramu ikuze ni ngombwa, bitabaye ibyo izajya igaragaza amakosa atandukanye gusa, bityo ikaba igomba gusukura porogaramu. Ukuguru kw'inkoko ya BMW ifite inkoni igororotse kandi ifite akazi ko gusubira kuri gikoresho cya P nyuma yo kuzimya.
Kuva mu ntangiriro y’imashini nini, nini cyane, kugeza ku iterambere ry’imashini ntoya kandi yoroheje ifite gahunda yayo, byateye imbere cyane ku modoka ndende n’ndende, ariko ntabwo navuga ko ikoreshwa ry’imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rizaba rito, ikindi giciro cy’imodoka kizaba gito, ariko kizazamuka, bityo OEM iracyari igishushanyo mbonera cy’imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga. Ariko hamwe n’ubwiyongere bw’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, birashoboka ko imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga zizajya ziba ingenzi mu gihe kizaza.
