Isoko ya Ballon.
Isoko yisaha ikoreshwa muguhuza igikapu kinini cyindege (imwe kuri ruline) nicyuma cyo mu kirere, ahanini ni igice cyicyuma. Kubera ko umufuka wingenzi wikirere ugomba kuzunguruka hamwe nu ruziga, (birashobora gutekerezwa nkicyuma cyinsinga gifite uburebure runaka, kizengurutse uruziga ruyobora, iyo ruzunguruka hamwe na ruline, rushobora guhindurwa cyangwa gukomeretsa cyane, ariko kandi rufite aho rugarukira, kugirango rumenye neza ko uruziga ruva ibumoso cyangwa iburyo, ibikoresho byinsinga ntibishobora gukururwa). Menya neza ko ibizunguruka bihindukirira kuruhande kugeza aho bigarukira utarinze gukururwa. Iyi ngingo mugushiraho ni kwitabwaho bidasanzwe, kure hashoboka kugirango tumenye neza ko iri mumwanya wo hagati.
Kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa
Iyo imodoka yakoze impanuka, sisitemu yo mu kirere ikora neza cyane mukurinda umutekano wumushoferi numugenzi.
Kugeza ubu, sisitemu yo mu kirere ni uburyo bumwe bwo mu kirere bwo mu kirere, cyangwa sisitemu yo mu kirere kabiri. Iyo ikinyabiziga gifite imifuka ibiri yo mu kirere hamwe na sisitemu yo kwitegura umukandara wicaye, hatitawe ku muvuduko, imifuka yo mu kirere hamwe n’umukandara w’umukandara ukora icyarimwe, bikaviramo guta imifuka y’indege mu gihe cy’impanuka nke, ibyo bikaba byongera amafaranga yo kubungabunga.
Sisitemu y'ibikorwa bibiri-bikoresha indege, mugihe habaye impanuka, irashobora guhita ihitamo gukoresha umukandara wumukandara cyangwa umukandara wumukandara hamwe nubwirinzi bwindege ebyiri icyarimwe ukurikije umuvuduko nihuta ryimodoka. Muri ubu buryo, mugihe habaye impanuka kumuvuduko muke, sisitemu irashobora gukoresha imikandara gusa kugirango irinde umushoferi numutekano wabagenzi, idasesagura imifuka yindege. Niba umuvuduko urenze 30km / h mu mpanuka, umukandara wicyicaro hamwe n umufuka windege icyarimwe, murwego rwo kurinda umutekano wumushoferi numugenzi.
Ihame ry'akazi
Iyo imodoka iguye mu mpanuka, sisitemu yo kugenzura ikirere imenya imbaraga zabyo
. igituza kanda kumufuka wumwuka wuzuye gaze, ugabanya ingaruka kumushoferi nuwabitwaye, hanyuma urekura gaze mumifuka yindege.
Isakoshi yo mu kirere irashobora gukwirakwiza imbaraga zingaruka mu mutwe no mu gituza, ikabuza umubiri w’abagenzi kwangirika guhura n’umubiri, bikagabanya cyane amahirwe yo gukomeretsa. Imifuka yo mu kirere irinda abagenzi mugihe habaye ingaruka zimbere, nubwo umukandara wicyicaro utambaye, imifuka yindege irwanya kugongana iracyafite imbaraga zihagije kugirango igabanye ibikomere. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, mu gihe habaye impanuka imbere n’imodoka ifite imifuka y’indege, urugero rw’imvune z’abagenzi rushobora kugabanuka kugera kuri 64%, ndetse no muri 80% by’abo bagenzi ntibambaye umukandara. Kugongana kuva kuruhande no kumyanya yinyuma biracyaterwa numurimo wumukandara.
Byongeye kandi, ingano y’iturika ry’isakoshi yo mu kirere igera kuri décibel 130 gusa, iri mu rwego rwo kwihanganira umubiri w’umuntu; 78% bya gaze mu gikapu cyo mu kirere ni azote, ihagaze neza kandi idafite uburozi, itagira ingaruka ku mubiri w'umuntu; Ifu yazanwe mugihe iturika ari ifu isiga amavuta agumana umufuka wumwuka muburyo bwikubye kandi ntugumane, kandi ntacyo byangiza umubiri wumuntu.
Ibintu byose ni inkota y'amaharakubiri, kandi igikapu cyo mu kirere nacyo gifite uruhande rwacyo rutekanye. Ukurikije imibare, niba imodoka igenda kuri 60km / h, ingaruka zitunguranye zizatuma imodoka ihagarara mumasegonda 0.2, kandi umufuka wikirere uzasohoka ku muvuduko wa kilometero 300 / h, kandi imbaraga zavuyemo ni nka kg 180, bikaba bigoye kwihanganira umutwe, ijosi nibindi bice byugarije umubiri wumuntu. Kubwibyo, niba Inguni nimbaraga zumufuka windege bisohotse nabi, birashobora gutera "ibyago".
Mu modoka, sensor eshatu zihora zinjiza amakuru yimihindagurikire yumuvuduko kuri electronique, umugenzuzi wa elegitoronike ahora abara, asesengura, agereranya nabacamanza, kandi yiteguye gutanga amabwiriza igihe icyo aricyo cyose. Iyo umuvuduko uri munsi ya 30km / h, sensor yimbere hamwe na sensor yumutekano bihujwe icyarimwe byinjiza icyapa cyimpanuka kumugenzuzi wa elegitoronike, hanyuma wohereze itegeko ryo guturika icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi cyumukandara wicyicaro, mugihe ikimenyetso cyoherejwe na sensor nkuru ntishobora gutuma umugenzuzi wa elegitoronike yohereza itegeko ryo guturika icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi mumifuka yindege. Kubwibyo, mugihe cyo kugongana kwihuta (kwihuta guto), mugihe cyose pre-tensioner ikurura umukandara wicyicaro inyuma, birahagije kurinda umushoferi numugenzi kugwa imbere.
Mugihe cyo kugongana kwihuta (kwihuta kwinshi), icyuma cyimbere hamwe na sensor yo hagati icyarimwe byinjiza icyapa cyo kugongana mugenzuzi wa elegitoronike, umugenzuzi wa elegitoronike atanga amabwiriza nyuma yurubanza rwihuse, kandi agaturika ibyuma bitangiza amashanyarazi byibumoso niburyo hamwe nibikapu byindege icyarimwe icyarimwe. Iyo umukandara wicyicaro usubijwe inyuma cyane, imifuka ibiri yindege irakingura icyarimwe kugirango ikuremo ingufu zatewe numushoferi numugenzi kubera kugabanuka kwinshi, kurinda umutekano wabo neza.
Iyo imodoka igonganye nikintu cyagenwe imbere yacyo, niko imodoka yihuta, niko umuvuduko mwinshi, nimbaraga nyinshi sensor yakira. Niba imbaraga zashyizweho mbere ya sensor yimbere hamwe na sensor yo hagati igabanijwemo imipaka yo hejuru no hepfo, ni ukuvuga, umuvuduko wateganijwe wumuvuduko wimbere wimbere uri munsi yumubare muto wa 30km / h, kandi agaciro kateganijwe kugereranywa na sensor yumutekano nako gaciro ntarengwa, noneho umugenzuzi wa elegitoronike atera umukandara wicyicaro guturika mugihe imodoka yagonze umuvuduko muke. Niba agaciro kateganijwe kuri sensor yo hagati aribwo bugarukira hejuru, mugihe imodoka yakoze impanuka kumuvuduko mwinshi, sensor yimbere, sensor yo hagati hamwe na sensor yumutekano icyarimwe isohora ikimenyetso cyo kugongana kumugenzuzi wa elegitoroniki, hanyuma umugenzuzi wa elegitoronike aturika ibyuma byose bikoresha amashanyarazi, noneho umukandara wintebe urakingurwa hanyuma umufuka wikirere urakingurwa.
Kuva kugongana, sensor yohereza ikimenyetso kumugenzuzi yiyemeje guturika icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi, mugihe cya 10ms. Nyuma yo guturika, moteri ya gaze itanga azote nyinshi, yihuta cyane mu mufuka. Kuva kugongana kugeza gushiraho umuyaga, hanyuma ukageza ku mukandara wicyicaro, inzira yose ifata 30-35m, bityo ingaruka zo kurinda sisitemu yo mu kirere ni nziza cyane.
Iyo igikapo cyo mu kirere giturika, kubera gaze nyinshi zinjizwa mu gikapu, umuvuduko w’isakoshi uragenda wiyongera, ibyo bikaba bidafasha gukurura ingufu z’ingaruka, bityo hakaba hari imyenge ibiri isohora gaze inyuma y’umufuka kugira ngo isohore umuvuduko, ibyo bikaba bifasha kurinda umutekano w’umushoferi n’umugenzi.
Nkibikoresho byingirakamaro byumutekano wa pasiporo yumubiri, abantu barabyitaho cyane. Iyo imodoka n'inzitizi bigonganye, byitwa kugongana, uwari uyirimo hamwe nibigize imodoka biragongana, byitwa kugongana kwa kabiri, igikapu cyo mu kirere cyagonganye, kugongana kwa kabiri mbere yo gufungura byihuse umwobo wuzuye umwuka wuzuye umwuka, ku buryo uwabitwaye kubera inertie akagenda "ku musego wo mu kirere" kugira ngo agabanye ingaruka z’uwabigizemo uruhare.
Imifuka yo mu kirere yatejwe imbere byihuse mu myaka yashize, igiciro cyaragabanutse ku buryo bugaragara, kandi imodoka ifite imifuka yo mu kirere nayo yateye imbere kuva mu modoka zashize hagati ndetse n’abakuru bakuru kugeza ku modoka yo hagati na nto. Muri icyo gihe, imodoka zimwe zifite imifuka y’indege zitwara abagenzi ku murongo wambere (ni ukuvuga ibyerekeranye n’indege ebyiri), kandi imifuka y’indege itwara abagenzi isa n’iyakoreshejwe n’abashoferi, ariko ingano y’isakoshi yo mu kirere ni nini kandi gaze isabwa ni myinshi. Kuva mu myaka ya za 90, imikorere yumutekano wikibuga cyindege yemewe muri rusange, kandi ifatwa nkigikoresho cyumutekano kigezweho kandi cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Gusobanukirwa ihame ryakazi ryumufuka wibibazo nibibazo bikeneye kwitabwaho nibyingenzi kuri twe kugirango twirinde neza, ariko kubushoferi, gutwara umutekano nibyo byambere, ntabwo ari ibikoresho byumutekano bigezweho bishobora gusimburwa.
Imodoka yo mu kirere yimodoka yamenetse, hazabaho code yamakosa?
ubushake
Imodoka yimodoka yimodoka yimisatsi yaravunitse, hariho code yikibazo.
Iyo isakoshi yo mu kirere yimodoka yananiwe, sisitemu yumutekano yikinyabiziga izamenya ibintu bidasanzwe kandi yerekana aho ikibazo gihari mugushiraho kode. Kode yamakosa irashobora gufasha abakozi kubungabunga vuba kandi neza kumenya ikibazo, kugirango bakore neza. Kurugero, imifuka yindege yamenetse irashobora kumenyekanisha kode nyinshi, harimo ariko ntizigarukira kuri C0506 - Kunanirwa kwa Driver Side Airbag Control Module (NSCM) kunanirwa, U0101 - Sisitemu yo mu kirere (SRS) kunanirwa, B1001 - Umushoferi Side Airbag (D-SRS) gutsindwa, nibindi.
Byongeye kandi, kwangirika kwumufuka wumuyaga birashobora kandi kugaragara nkurumuri rwumufuka wumuyaga, ihembe ntirishobora kumvikana, hamwe na bouton yimikorere myinshi. Kubwibyo, niba ikinyabiziga gifite ibi bimenyetso, umushoferi agomba kugenzurwa mugihe kugirango amenye niba isoko yimifuka yikirere igomba gusimburwa.
Muburyo bwo kubungabunga, nuburyo busanzwe bwo gusuzuma kugirango usome kode yikosa hamwe nigikoresho cyo gusuzuma amakosa. Muri ubu buryo, birashobora kumenyekana niba isoko yimifuka yangiritse. Kurugero, mugukuramo umufuka wumuyaga mwisoko hanyuma ugakoresha résistor ya 2 kugeza kuri 3 ya ohm kugirango usimbuze isakoshi yindege, hanyuma ukongera ugasoma kode yamakosa, niba code yamakosa ibuze, isoko yimifuka yindege irashobora kwangirika.
Mu ncamake, imisatsi yimodoka yimodoka yimodoka izaba ifite kode yamakosa, nuburyo bwo kwikingira sisitemu yumutekano wibinyabiziga, yagenewe kwibutsa umushoferi nabakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga igihe gikwiye.
Nyamuneka uduhamagarire niba ukeneye ibicuruzwa nkibi.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG & MAUXS ibice byimodoka ikaze kugura.
