Ukuboko kworohereza buri gihe hagati yiziga numubiri, kandi ni igice cyumutekano kijyanye numushoferi utanga imbaraga, ugabanya imbaraga zo kunyeganyega, no kugenzura icyerekezo.
Ukuboko kworohereza buri gihe hagati yiziga n'umubiri, kandi ni igice cy'umutekano kijyanye n'umushoferi utanga imbaraga, bigabanya imyanya ya vibration, no kugenzura icyerekezo. Iyi ngingo itangiza igishushanyo mbonera cyurubuga rwa swing ku isoko, kandi igereranya kandi isesengura ingaruka zinganda zitandukanye kumurongo, ubuziranenge nigiciro.
Ihagarikwa ry'imodoka ya chassis rigabanijwemo hafi ihagarikwa ry'imbere n'inyuma. Byombi imbere ninyuma bifite amaboko ya swing kugirango ahuze ibiziga n'umubiri. Amaboko ya Swing asanzwe aherereye hagati yiziga numubiri.
Uruhare rwayobora ukuboko ni uguhuza uruziga nikadiri, gutandukira, kugabanya ibyanduza, no kugenzura icyerekezo. Nibice byumutekano birimo umushoferi. Hano hari ibice-byubaka imbaraga muri sisitemu yo guhagarika, kugirango ibiziga bimure umuvandimwe ukurikije inzira runaka. Ibice byubaka bituma umutwaro, kandi sisitemu yose ihagarikwa ifite imikorere yo gukora imodoka.
Imikorere isanzwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya imodoka
1. Kuzuza ibisabwa byo kwimura imitwaro, swing octs gahunda nikoranabuhanga
Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha sisitemu yo guhagarika ihagarikwa. Ukurikije imiterere itandukanye yimiterere, sisitemu yo guhagarika itigenga irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwimbyike, ubwoko bwintoki, ubwoko bwinshi, ubwoko bwa buji, ubwoko bwa buji nubwonko bwa mcherson. Ukuboko kwambukiranya ukuboko hamwe nintoki ni imiterere ibiri yukuboko kumwe muri byinshi muri byinshi, hamwe ningingo ebyiri zihuza. Inkoni ebyiri zingufu zibiri ziteraniye hamwe ku mfuruka rusange ku nguni runaka, hamwe n'imirongo ihuza ingingo zihuza zikora imiterere ya mpandeshatu. Umukinnyi wa MacPerson uhagarike imbere ukuboko guho hasi ni asanzwe yintoki z'amaboko ya swing hamwe ningingo zinyuranye. Umurongo uhuza ingingo eshatu zihuza nimiterere ihamye ya mpandeshatu ishobora kwihanganira imitwaro mubyerekezo byinshi.
Imiterere yingufu zibiri Swing yoroshye, kandi igishushanyo mbonera gikunze kugenwa hakurikijwe ubuhanga butandukanye bwumwuga no gutunganya ibintu bya buri sosiyete. Kurugero, urupapuro rwashyizweho kashe (reba Ishusho 1), imiterere yimigambi ni isahani imwe itarangwamo, hamwe nubwato bwubaka ahanini muburyo bwa "i"; Urupapuro rwicyuma rusuye (reba Ishusho 2), imiterere yo gushushanya ni isahani isusurundutse, kandi umwobo wubatswe ni mwinshi ni muburyo bwa "口" "; cyangwa amasahani yo kuvukaho akoreshwa mugusumura no gushimangira umwanya uteje akaga; Icyuma cyo Gukora Imashini gutunganya imashini, umwobo wubatswe urakomeye, kandi imiterere ihinduwe ahanini akurikije ibisabwa na chassis; Imiterere ya Aluminum yo gutunganya imashini (reba Ishusho ya 3), imiterere yavurinze irakomeye, kandi ibisabwa bifatika bisa nibyuma; Imiterere yimiyoboro yoroshye yoroshye mumiterere, hamwe nubwato bwubaka ni uruziga.
Imiterere yintoki zamaboko eshatu zidasanzwe zigoye, kandi igishushanyo mbonera gikunze kugenwa ukurikije ibyangombwa byayo. Mu isesengura ryimikorere, ukuboko kwa swing ntishobora kwivanga kubindi bice, kandi benshi muribo bafite ibisabwa byibuze. Kurugero, urupapuro rwibyumba rukoreshwa ahanini mugihe kimwe nicyuma gisumbabuje cyangwa stilizer ihuza inkoni yo guhuza inkoni, nibindi bizahindura imiterere yukuboko kwungutsi; Ububiko bwukuri buracyari muburyo bwa "umunwa", hamwe nu mucyo wa swing uzagira imiterere ifunze iruta imiterere idahwitse. Guhimbira imiterere ifungiwe, umwobo wubatswe ahanini ahanini "i" shimishwa, bifite ibintu gakondo bya torsion no kurwanya kunyeganyega; Imiterere ifashijwe, imiterere nubuvumo bwukuri bufite ibikoresho byinshi hamwe nibibabi byingufu hamwe nubuzima bugabanuka ukurikije ibiranga biranga; urupapuro rwicyuma gisunika imiterere ihuriweho no gukomatanya ibyangombwa byumwanya wa chassis yimodoka, ihuriweho na umupira ihuriweho muguhimba, kandi imiti ihujwe nicyuma; Imiterere ya Alumininum ya Aluminium itanga ibikoresho neza no gutanga umusaruro kuruta kubahitirwa, kandi ifite iruta imbaraga zumubiri zamasaro, ni ugushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga rishya.
2. Gabanya kohereza kunyeganyega kumubiri, hamwe nuburyo bwo kubaka ibintu bya elastike kumwanya wikiganza cya swing
Kubera ko hejuru yumuhanda imodoka itwara ntishobora kuba igorofa rwose, imbaraga zihagaze zubuso bwumuhanda zikora ku ruziga rusanzwe, cyane cyane iyo zitwaye umuvuduko mwinshi ku buso bubi, itera umushoferi kandi itera umushoferi kumva utamerewe neza. , ibintu bya elastique byashyizwe muri sisitemu yo guhagarika, kandi ihuza rikomeye ryahinduwe muburyo bwa elastike. Nyuma yibintu byihariye bigira ingaruka, bitanga inzego, kandi kunyeganyega bikomeza bituma umushoferi yumva atamerewe neza, bityo gahunda yo guhagarika ikeneye ibintu kugirango igabanye ibintu bitangaje byihuse.
Ingingo zihuza Muburyo bwubaka ukuboko swing ni ibintu bya elastike bihuza no guhuza imipira. Ibintu bya elastike bitanga kunyeganyega no kuba umubare muto wo kuzunguruka no kwanga umudendezo wubwisanzure. Rubber bushings akoreshwa nkibice bya elastike mumodoka, kandi hydraulic bushings na cross hinges nabyo birakoreshwa.
Igishushanyo 2 urupapuro rwicyuma gusudira ukuboko
Imiterere ya rubber bushing ni umuyoboro w'icyuma hamwe na reberi hanze, cyangwa imiterere ya sandwich ya pope-reberi-ibyuma. Umuyoboro w'icyuma w'imbere usaba kurwanya igitutu na diameter ibisabwa, kandi ibirimo birwanya ski-skid biramenyerewe ku mpande zombi. Urupapuro rwa Rubber ruhindura imiterere yibikoresho nuburyo bwo gushushanya ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye.
Impeta yo hanze akenshi ifite kuyobora-inguni isabwa, ifasha gukandana.
Bushing hydraulic ifite imiterere igoye, kandi nigicuruzwa gifite inzira zigoye kandi zifite agaciro hejuru murwego rwa bushing. Hariho umwobo muri reberi, kandi hari amavuta mu cyuho. Igishushanyo mbonera cya cavit gikorwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa byimikorere ya bushing. Niba amavuta yo kumeneka, bushing yangiritse. Hydraulic Bushings irashobora gutanga umurongo mwiza, bigira ingaruka kubibazo rusange.
Umusaraba ufite imiterere igoye kandi nigice giteganijwe cya reberi na ball hinges. Irashobora gutanga iherezo ryiza kuruta bushing, inguni ya swing hamwe na robile, umurongo udasanzwe, kandi wujuje ibisabwa nibikorwa byose. Kwambukiranya umusaraba wangiritse bizabyara urusaku muri kabiyi mugihe ikinyabiziga kigenda.
3. Hamwe no kugenda kw'ibiziga, igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibintu bya swing ku bijyanye n'ukuboko kwo swing
Ubutaka butaringaniye butera ibiziga gusimbuka no hepfo ugereranije numubiri (ikadiri), kandi icyarimwe ibiziga byimuka, nko guhindukira, bigenda, nibindi bigororotse, nibindi bigororotse, bitazimya inzira yo kubahiriza ibisabwa. Ukuboko kwa swing hamwe nigipimo rusange gihujwe cyane numupira.
Umupira wa Swing Kuzunguruka Honge arashobora gutanga inguni zirenga ± 18 °, kandi irashobora gutanga inguni yo kuzunguruka ya 360 °. Byujuje byuzuye ibikoresho byo kwiruka no kuyobora. Kandi umupira hingee uhuye nibisabwa garanti yimyaka 2 cyangwa 60.000 km hamwe nimyaka 3 cyangwa 80.000 km kumodoka yose.
Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo guhuza amaboko n'umupira hinge (umupira), birashobora kugabanywamo cyangwa rivet bihuza, umupira hinge ufite flange; Guhuza amakuru-guhuza, umupira hinge ntabwo ufite flange; ihuriweho, ukuboko kwa swing numupira hinge byose murimwe. Ku rupapuro rumwe hamwe nicyuma-inyuguti nyinshi ishushanyijeho ivugurura, ubwoko bubiri bwamasako bukoreshwa cyane; Ubwoko bwa nyuma bwihuza nkicyuma cyo kubahiriza, Aluminium ihimba kandi ikajugunye Icyuma Cyakoreshejwe cyane
Umupira hinge ugomba kubahiriza kwambara munsi yimitwaro, kubera inguni nini yakazi kuruta bushing, ubuzima bwiza busabwa. Kubwibyo, umupira hinge usabwa gufatirwa nkimiterere ihuriweho, harimo gusigazwa neza na swing na sisitemu yo guhinda umuhinzi.
Igishushanyo 3 Aluminium yahimbye ukuboko
Ingaruka zo gushushanya ukuboko kuneza no ku giciro
1. Ikintu cyiza: Kuroha neza
Inshuro karemano yumubiri (uzwi kandi nka vibration yubusa sisitemu ya vibration) yagenwe nigikorwa cyimikorere yimikorere yahagaritswe kigira ingaruka kumpera yimodoka. Indwara ihagaritse ikoreshwa numubiri wumuntu ni inshuro yumubiri uzamuka ukamanuka mugihe cyo kugenda, ari nko 1-1.6hz. Umubiri inshuro karemano bigomba kuba hafi bishoboka kuriyi nkuru. Iyo ubukana bwa sisitemu yo guhagarika ihoraho, masa ntoya ya stong, ntoya ihagaze ihagaritse, ninshuro nini.
Iyo umutwaro uhagaze uhoraho, udusimba duhagaritse, hepfo inshuro karera mumodoka, kandi nini umwanya isabwa kugirango uruziga rusimbuke no hepfo.
Iyo imiterere yumuhanda hamwe numuvuduko wimodoka ari kimwe, ntoya misa idahwitse, ntoya yinjira kuri sisitemu yo guhagarika. Misa idahwitse irimo imitsi, rusange hamwe na misa iyobora, nibindi.
Muri rusange, aluminium swing ukuboko ifite misa yoroheje kandi ibyuma bikubita ukuboko bifite misa nini. Abandi bari hagati.
Kubera ko imbaga yumutwe wa swing ahanini ari munsi ya 10kg, ugereranije nimodoka ifite ubwinshi bwa 1000kg, ubwinshi bwukuboko guswera nta voe afite kubwo gukoresha lisansi.
2. Ikintu giciro: Biterwa na gahunda yo gushushanya
Ibindi bisabwa, hejuru yikiguzi. Mugihe hateganijwe ko imbaraga zubaka ukuboko na swing zihuye nibisabwa, ibisabwa byorora byoroshye, ubwoko bwibintu no kuboneka, no kuboneka, kandi ibisabwa byoroshye byoroshye bigira ingaruka kubiciro. Kurugero, anti-ruswa: Gukundana na electro-govanize, binyuze mumashami yubuso nubundi buryo, birashobora kugera kumyaka 144h; Uburinzi bwubutaka bugabanijwemo amarangi ya electrotic, bushobora kugera kuri 240h ibyuma bya ruswa binyuze muburyo bwo guhindura ubugari bwumurima nuburyo bwo kuvura; zinc-fer cyangwa zinc-nikel Nkuko ibizamini byikizamini cyo kwiyongera, nibindi nkigiciro cyigice.
Igiciro kirashobora kugabanuka ugereranya igishushanyo na gahunda yimiterere yukuboko kworoshye.
Nkuko twese tubizi, hatandukanye ingingo zitandukanye zitanga imikorere itandukanye yo gutwara. By'umwihariko, bigomba kwerekanwa ko ingingo imwe igoye hamwe ningingo zinyuranye zirashobora gutanga ibiciro bitandukanye.
Hariho ubwoko butatu bwo guhuza ibice hamwe nibice bifatika: Guhuza Ibice bisanzwe (Bolts, imbuto), interngat ikwiye guhuza no kwishyira hamwe. Ugereranije n'imiterere isanzwe yo guhuza, kurwanya imiterere ihuza bigabanya ubwoko bwibice, nka Bolts, imbuto, rivets nibindi bice. Ihuriro rimwe-imwe kuruta kubivanga bihuye n'imibare igabanya umubare wibice byumupira hamwe nigikonoshwa gihuriweho.
Hano hari uburyo bubiri bwo guhuza umunyamuryango wububiko hamwe nibintu bya elastike: ibintu byimbere kandi byinyuma birasa neza hamwe na perpendicular. Uburyo butandukanye bugena inzira zitandukanye. Kurugero, icyerekezo gikanda cya bushing kiri mubuyobozi bumwe na perpendicular kumubiri wa swing. Sitasiyo imwe ikabasiwemo kabiri irashobora gukoreshwa mugutangaza-guhuza imbere na rear bushing icyarimwe, kuzigama imbaraga, ibikoresho nigihe; Niba icyerekezo cyo kwishyiriraho kidahuye (vertical), sitasiyo imwe-kanda yikambi ebyiri zirashobora gukoreshwa mugukanda no gushyiraho bushing ukurikirana, uzigama imbaraga nibikoresho; Iyo bushing yagenewe gukanda imbere, sitasiyo ebyiri hamwe nimashini ebyiri zisabwa, zikaba zikurikiranye-zihutira.
