Imikorere ya sensor y'imodoka
Akamaro k'ingenzi k'icyuma gipima moteri ni ukumenya uko moteri ikora, no gukumira ko ikora ikoresheje uburyo bwo gutwika, kugira ngo moteri ikomeze kwangirika.
Imashini ikora "knock sensor" ihindura "mechanical vibration" ya moteri mo ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi byoherezwa mu ishami rishinzwe kugenzura ikoranabuhanga (ECU). Imashini ikora "ECU" ihindura "increase advance angle" hakurikijwe ikimenyetso cyakiriwe kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho guturika guhoraho. Imashini ikora "knock sensor" ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya "piezoelectric ceramic". Iyo moteri inyeganyega, imashini irakandamizwa kandi igahinduka kugira ngo ikore ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi, cyoherezwa muri ECU binyuze mu nsinga ikingira kugira ngo itunganywe.
Ihame ry'imikorere ya sensor ya knock rishingiye ku ngaruka za piezoelectric, iyo moteri ikomanga, piezoelectric ceramics ziri muri sensor zirakandamizwa, bigatanga ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi. Ibi bimenyetso byoherezwa kuri ECU, ihindura inguni y'inguni ishingiye ku makuru yabitswe kugira ngo hirindwe gukomanga. Byongeye kandi, sensor ya knock ishobora kumva umuvuduko n'aho moteri iherereye, igatanga amakuru menshi kugira ngo ifashe kunoza imikorere ya moteri.
Imashini ikora icyuma gikubita ubusanzwe ishyirwa ahantu runaka muri moteri, nko hagati ya silindiri 2 na 3 z'imashini ifite silindiri enye cyangwa hagati ya silindiri 1 na 2 na silindiri 3 cyangwa 4. Aho ishyirwa hatuma ifata neza imitingito mito ya moteri no kuyikubita.
Iyo sensor ya knock inaniwe, nubwo itazatuma moteri inanirwa gutangira, izatera ibibazo nko guhindagurika kwa moteri, gutakaza ingufu, kwangirika kw'amafaranga akoreshwa mu gutwara ibikomoka kuri peteroli, ndetse n'amatara y'imodoka. Kubwibyo, imikorere myiza ya sensor ya knock ni ingenzi ku mikorere ya moteri.
Sensoreri y'imodoka ikora ku buryo bwo gukubita ni igikoresho gishyirwa kuri moteri, gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kumenya uko moteri ikora. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibikoresho bikora ku buryo bwo gukubita, ibikunze gukoreshwa cyane birimo icyuma gikoresha ingufu za magnetostrictive na piezoelectric.
Ubwoko n'imiterere ya sensor ya knock
Magnetostrictive: igizwe n'ishingiro rya rukuruzi, rukuruzi ihoraho n'uruziga rw'inyongera. Iyo moteri inyeganyega, umutwe wa rukuruzi urahinduka, bigatuma habaho impinduka mu ihindagurika rya rukuruzi muri uwo murongo w'inyongera, bigatera imbaraga za electromotive .
Ceramic ya piezoelectric : Iyo moteri inyeganyega, ceramic imbere irakanda kugira ngo habeho ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi. Kubera ko ikimenyetso kiba gito, insinga yo guhuza ubusanzwe ipfundikirwa n'insinga irinzwe .
piezoelectric resonance : ishyirwa hejuru y'umubiri wa moteri, ikoreshwa rya piezoelectric effect mu guhindura vibration ya mechanical moteri. Iyo frequency ya knock vibration ihuye n'inshuro karemano ya sensor, hazabaho resonance, kandi voltage ya knock signal yo hejuru izasohoka kuri ECU, hakurikijwe ko ECU izahindura igihe cyo gutwika kugira ngo idakomanga.
Uburyo sensor ikora
Imashini ikora ikyuma ikerekana imitingito n'amajwi bya moteri, ikabihinduramo ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi byoherezwa mu ishami rigenzura moteri (ECU). ECU ihindura inguni y'inguni ijyanye n'ikimenyetso cyakiriwe kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho guturika. Ihame ryihariye ry'imikorere ni iri rikurikira:
Gutigita kwa moteri bituma igice cy'ingenzi cya rukuruzi kigenda gihinduka, bigahindura flux ya rukuruzi muri induction coil, bigatuma habaho imbaraga za electromotive ziterwa na .
piezoelectric : iyo moteri inyeganyega, piezoelectric ceramic irakandamizwa kugira ngo itange ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi, ECU ihindura igihe cyo gutwika hakurikijwe ikimenyetso.
Ubwoko bwa resonance ya piezoelectric : iyo frequency ya revocation ya knock ihuye n'inshuro karemano ya sensor, habaho resonance, kandi voltage nyinshi ya knock signal isohoka muri ECU.
Uruhare rw'ibikoresho byo gukubita mu modoka
Akamaro k'ingenzi k'icyuma gipima umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ni ugupima urugero rw'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi (jitter degree) wa moteri. Iyo moteri ikoze umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi, ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi cyoherezwa kuri ECU, maze ECU igahindura inguni itera imbere kugira ngo hirindwe ko moteri yongera gukubita. Gukubita bishobora kwangiza moteri, bityo ibikoresho bipima umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi bigira uruhare runini mu kurinda moteri.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha ibice by'imodoka bya MG&750 irahari kugura.
