Ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'ibicuruzwa n'igabanywa ry'inguni z'ibikoresho
Ukurikije uburyo bwo gukora ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe, ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe birimo ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi n’ibigabanya ubushyuhe mu mwuka, ndetse n’ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi.
Ubwoko bwa Hydraulic
Imashini ifata umwuka ushyushye ikoreshwa cyane mu buryo bwo gufunga imodoka. Ihame ni uko iyo icyuma gifata umwuka n'agace k'umugozi bigenda bigaruka hanyuma piston igakomeza igaruka mu mwobo wa silindiri w'imashini ifata umwuka ushyushye, amavuta ari mu gikoresho gifata umwuka ushyushye azava mu mwobo w'imbere anyuze mu mwenge muto ujya mu wundi mwobo w'imbere. Muri iki gihe, gushyuha hagati y'amazi n'urukuta rw'imbere n'ingufu z'imbere za molekile z'amazi bikora imbaraga zo gushyuha mu guhindagurika.
Ishobora guhumeka umwuka
Imashini ifata umwuka ihumeka ni ubwoko bushya bw'imashini ifata umwuka ihumeka kuva mu myaka ya 1960. Uburyo bw'ingirakamaro burangwa nuko imashini ifata umwuka ishyirwa hasi mu gice cyo hasi cy'umuyoboro wa silinda, kandi icyumba cya gaze gifunze gikozwe na piston igenda hejuru kandi impera imwe y'umuyoboro wa silinda yuzuye azote ifite umuvuduko mwinshi. Impeta nini ya O-section ishyirwa kuri piston igenda hejuru, itandukanya peteroli na gaze burundu. Piston ikora ifite valve yo gukanda na valve yo kwagura ihindura agace k'umuyoboro w'amazi hamwe n'umuvuduko wayo. Iyo inziga izamutse ikanamanuka, piston ikora ya mashini ifata umwuka igenda igaruka inyuma no inyuma mu mazi y'amavuta, bigatuma habaho itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko w'amavuta hagati y'icyumba cyo hejuru n'icyumba cyo hasi cya piston ikora, kandi amavuta yo gukanda azafungura valve yo gukanda na valve yo kwagura hanyuma igatembera inyuma no inyuma. Uko valve ikora imbaraga nyinshi zo gukama kuri peteroli y'umuvuduko, umuvuduko uragabanuka.
Igabanywa ry'inguni mu miterere
Imiterere y'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi ni uko inkoni ya piston ifite piston ishyirwa muri silinda hanyuma silinda yuzura amavuta. Piston ifite aho inyura kugira ngo amavuta ari mu bice bibiri by'umwanya utandukanye na piston ashobore kuzuzanya. Gupfa kw'amazi bikorwa iyo amavuta afite viscous anyuze muri orifice. Uko orifice iba nto, ni ko imbaraga zo gupfa kw'amazi ziba nyinshi, ni ko ubushyuhe bw'amavuta buba bwinshi kandi imbaraga zo gupfa kw'amazi ziba nyinshi. Iyo ingano y'aho inyura idahinduka, iyo icyuma gifata amashanyarazi gikora vuba, gupfa kw'amazi menshi bigira ingaruka ku kwinjiza kw'ibintu. Kubwibyo, valve ifite ishusho ya disiki ishyirwa aho isohoka. Iyo umuvuduko wiyongereye, valve irasunikwa, ifungura ry'aho inyura riri kwiyongera kandi gupfa kw'amazi kuragabanuka. Kubera ko piston igenda mu byerekezo bibiri, valve zifata amashami zishyirwa ku mpande zombi za piston, zitwa valve yo gukanda na valve yo kongera.
Dukurikije imiterere yayo, icyuma gifata umwuka gigabanyijemo silinda imwe na silinda ebyiri. Gishobora kandi kugabanywamo: 1 cy'icyuma gifata umwuka gihumeka cy'isilinda imwe; 2. cy'icyuma gifata umwuka gihumeka cy'amavuta ya silinda ebyiri; 3. cy'icyuma gifata umwuka gihumeka cy'isilinda ebyiri.
Imbuto ebyiri
Bivuze ko icyuma gifata umuriro gifite silindiri ebyiri z'imbere n'iz'inyuma, kandi piston igenda muri silindiri y'imbere. Bitewe n'uko icyuma cya piston cyinjira kandi gikuramo, ingano y'amavuta muri silindiri y'imbere iriyongera kandi ikagabanuka. Kubwibyo, uburinganire bw'amavuta muri silindiri y'imbere bugomba kugumaho binyuze mu guhinduranya na silindiri y'inyuma. Kubwibyo, hagomba kubaho valve enye muri silindiri y'inyuma, ni ukuvuga ko uretse valve ebyiri zo gufunga kuri piston zavuzwe haruguru, hari valve zo gufunga na valve zo kwishyura zishyirwa hagati ya silindiri z'imbere n'iz'inyuma kugira ngo urangize akazi ko guhinduranya.
Ubwoko bw'ibakure imwe
Ugereranyije n'icyuma gifata umwuka gishyushye cya silinda ebyiri, icyuma gifata umwuka gishyushye cya silinda imwe gifite imiterere yoroshye kandi kigabanya uburyo bwo gukora valve. Piston irekuye ishyirwa ku gice cyo hasi cy'umugozi wa silinda (icyo bita floating bivuze ko nta gati ya piston ihari yo kugenzura uko igenda). Icyumba cy'umwuka gifunze gikozwe munsi ya piston irekuye kandi cyuzuyemo azote ifite umuvuduko mwinshi. Impinduka zavuzwe haruguru ku rugero rw'amazi ziterwa n'amavuta yinjira n'asohoka mu gati ya piston zihinduka mu buryo bwikora no kureremba kwa piston irekuye. Uretse ibyavuzwe haruguru.
