Ingufuri yo hagati y'imbere - icyuma kiri ku muryango w'umushoferi.
Ikiranga
Igenzura ryo hagati
Iyo umushoferi afunze urugi iruhande rwe, izindi nzugi nazo ziba zifunze, kandi umushoferi ashobora gufungura buri rugi icyarimwe akoresheje akamashini ko gufunga urugi, cyangwa agafungura urugi ukwarwo.
Kugenzura umuvuduko
Iyo umuvuduko wo gutwara ugeze ku rwego runaka, buri rugi rushobora kwifunga kugira ngo hirindwe ko urwinjiramo rudakora neza ku mukingo w'urugi bigatuma urugi rufunguka.
Igenzura ritandukanye
Uretse umuryango uri ku ruhande rw'umushoferi, hari n'ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gufunga by'izuba ku zindi nzugi, bishobora kugenzura uburyo umuryango winjira n'uko ufunga.
imiterere
1, switch yo gufunga urugi: switch yo hagati igizwe n'iyindi switch ifata igice kinini kandi igafunga igice kimwe, switch yo hagati ishyirwa ku ruhande rw'umushoferi w'urugi, umushoferi ashobora gukoresha switch yo hagati kugira ngo akinge cyangwa afungure imodoka yose; Iyo ifunze ukwayo ku rugi rw'undi, ishobora kugenzura urugi ukwarwo.
2, actuator yo gufunga urugi: actuator yo gufunga urugi yo hagati ikoreshwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza y'umushoferi yo gufunga cyangwa gufungura urugi. Actuator yo gufunga urugi ifite uburyo butatu bwo gutwara: electromagnetic, DC na moteri ya magnet ihoraho. Imiterere yayo ni ugufunga urugi cyangwa gufungura urugi binyuze mu guhindura polarity kugira ngo ihindure icyerekezo cy'urugendo rwayo.
(1) Amashanyarazi: ifite imiyoboro ibiri, ikoreshwa mu gufungura no gufunga ifunga ry'urugi, kandi akabuto ko gufunga urugi gakoreshwa hagati gakunze kuba hagati. Iyo umuyoboro w'imbere unyujijwe kuri koyili yo gufunga, inkoni yo kuyobora armature igenda ibumoso hanyuma urugi rugafungwa. Iyo umuyoboro w'inyuma unyujijwe kuri koyili yo gufungura urugi, armature iyobora inkoni ihuza kugira ngo ijye iburyo, maze urugi rurakurwaho rugafungurwa.
(2) Ubwoko bwa moteri ya DC: Izunguruka na moteri ya DC hanyuma igakwirakwizwa n'igikoresho cyo kohereza (igikoresho cyo kohereza gifite screw drive, rack drive na spur gear drive) kijya ku rugi, kugira ngo rugi rufungurwe cyangwa rufungwe. Kubera ko moteri ya DC ishobora kuzunguruka impande ebyiri, lock ishobora gufungwa cyangwa gufungurwa binyuze mu kuzunguruka kwa moteri hagati ya moteri. Iyi actuator ikoresha imbaraga nke ugereranyije na actuator ya electromagnetic.
(3) Ubwoko bwa moteri ya rukuruzi ihoraho: moteri ya rukuruzi ihoraho ahanini yerekeza kuri moteri ihoraho y’intambwe ya rukuruzi. Imikorere yayo ni imwe n’iya mbere ebyiri, kandi imiterere yayo iratandukanye cyane. Rotor ifite amenyo y’urukiramende. Inzira y’urukiramende hagati y’amenyo y’urukiramende n’inkingi ya stator ni nto kandi urukiramende ni runini. Stator ifite inkingi nyinshi za electromagnetic zikwirakwizwa mu buryo bw’urukiramende, kandi buri coil ya electromagnetic itondekwa mu buryo bw’urukiramende. Stator izengurutswe n’inkingi y’icyuma, kandi buri shingiro y’icyuma ipfundikirwa na coil. Iyo umuriro unyuze mu cyiciro cya coil, inkingi y’urukiramende ikora imbaraga zo gukurura amenyo y’urukiramende kuri rotor kugira ngo ihuze n’inkingi ya rukuruzi ya coil ya stator, kandi rotor izazenguruka kugeza ku ntambwe ntoya ya rukuruzi, ni ukuvuga aho iherereye. Kugira ngo rotor ikomeze kuzenguruka Inguni y’intambwe, hakurikijwe icyerekezo cyifuzwa cyo kuzenguruka cy’icyiciro gikurikira cya coil ya stator shyiramo umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi, rotor ishobora kuzunguruka. Iyo rotor izunguruka, ingufuri y’urugi irafungwa cyangwa igafungurwa binyuze mu guhuza.
umugenzuzi
Igikoresho cyo kugenzura urufunguzo rw'umuryango ni igikoresho gitanga umuvuduko w'ingufuri/ugurura umuvuduko w'ingufuri z'umuryango. Uko ubwoko bw'igikoresho cyo kugenzura urufunguzo rw'umuryango bwaba bumeze kose, uhindura icyerekezo cy'umuvuduko w'ingufuri kugira ngo ugenzure inkoni ihuza kugira ngo igende ibumoso n'iburyo, kugira ngo ugere ku muvuduko no gufungura.
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibikoresho bigenzura ifunga ry'inzugi, kandi hakurikijwe ihame ryabyo ryo kubigenzura, bishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu bw'ibikoresho bigenzura ifunga ry'inzugi: ubwoko bwa transistor, ubwoko bwa capacitor n'ubwoko bwa induction y'umukandara.
(1) Ubwoko bwa Transistor: hari relays ebyiri imbere muri transistor lock controller, umuyoboro umwe ufunga urugi naho umuyoboro umwe ufungura urugi. Relays igenzurwa na transistor switching circuit, kandi inzira yo gusharija no gusohora capacitor ikoreshwa mu kugenzura igihe umuvuduko runaka w'amashanyarazi umara, kugira ngo actuator irangize gufunga no gufungura urugi.
(2) Capacitive: icyuma gipima ingufu z'urugi gikoresha uburyo bwa capacitor charge n'uburyo bwo gusohora umuriro, ubusanzwe capacitor iba yuzuye ingufu, kandi ihuzwa n'uruziga rw'igenzura iyo ikora, kugira ngo capacitor isohoke, kugira ngo relay ibe ifite ingufu kandi igihe gito gikurure, capacitor isohoke burundu, kandi aho ihurira hagakurwa binyuze mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi, kandi sisitemu yo gufunga umuryango ntikomeze.
(3) Ubwoko bwo kumenya umuvuduko. Ifite umuvuduko wa 10km/h induction switch, iyo umuvuduko urenze 10km/h, niba urugi rudafunze, umushoferi adakeneye gutangira, imashini igenzura urugi ihita ifunga urugi.
Ihame ryo kugenzura kure
Uburyo bwo kugenzura kure y’umugozi udafite insinga bw’ingufuri yo hagati busobanura ko ushobora gufungura no gukinga urugi kure udashyize urufunguzo mu mwobo wo gukinga, kandi inyungu yarwo ikomeye ni uko haba ku manywa cyangwa nijoro, nta mpamvu yo kubona umwobo wo gukinga, kandi ushobora gukingurwa (gufungura urugi) no gukingwa (gukinga urugi) kure kandi byoroshye.
Ihame ry'ibanze ryo kugenzura kure ni: umuraba wa radiyo udakomeye woherezwa uturutse ku ruhande rwa nyirayo, ikimenyetso cy'umuraba wa radiyo cyakirwa na antene y'imodoka, kode y'ikimenyetso ikagaragazwa na ECU y'icyuma gicunga amashanyarazi, hanyuma icyuma gikoresha moteri cyangwa icyuma gicunga amashanyarazi (electromagnetic manager) kigakora igikorwa cyo gufungura/gufunga. Sisitemu igizwe ahanini n'ibice bibiri: transmitter na receiver.
1. Itumanaho
Iyi transmitter igizwe na switch yo kohereza, antene yo kohereza (icyuma gifunguza), circuit integrated, nibindi. Ihujwe na circuit yohereza ibimenyetso kuri keyplate. Kuva ku murongo wo kubika kode iranga umuntu kugeza ku murongo wa FSK modulation, ukorwa mu buryo buto hakoreshejwe circuit integrated single-chip, bateri ya lithium ifite ubwoko bwa buto bwo gukubita ishyirwa ku rundi ruhande rw'umurongo. Frequency yo kohereza itoranywa hakurikijwe ubwiza bw'umuraba wa radiyo mu gihugu ikoreshwamo, kandi imirongo ya frequency ya 27, 40, na 62MHz irashobora gukoreshwa muri rusange. Iyi switch yohereza itanga ibimenyetso rimwe gusa igihe buto yo gukanda ikanzwe.
2. Uwakira
Iyi kompanyi ikoresha uburyo bwa FM modulation kugira ngo yohereze kode iranga umuntu, ikayakira ikoresheje antene ya FM y'imodoka, hanyuma ikayikoresha ikoresheje poroseseri yo kongera frequency ya FM ya ECU yakira, hanyuma ikayigereranya na kode iranga umuntu ya decoded regulator. Niba kode ari yo, shyiramo umurongo ugenzura hanyuma utume actuator ikora.
Sisitemu yo kugenzura kure y’urugi igizwe n’icyuma gitwara imizigo n’icyuma gikira imizigo kiri mu modoka, kandi ikimenyetso kigaragara cyoherejwe n’icyuma gikira imizigo cyakirwa kandi kigasobanurwa n’icyuma gikira imizigo, bigatuma urugi rufungura cyangwa rufunga, kandi inshingano yacyo nyamukuru ni ukorohereza umushoferi gufunga urugi cyangwa gufungura urugi.
Abakoresha bashobora kurinda imodoka zabo bashyiraho ijambo ry'ibanga ryo gufungura igifunguzo cya ECU iri kure, kandi bagatanga integuza iyo urugi rufunguwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko.
Iyo ingufuri igezweho yakiriye ikimenyetso cya kode gikwiye, uruziga rwo kwakira umuraba ruyoborwa rushyirwa ku gihe cyo kwakira hamwe na 0.5s, hanyuma rugasubira ku mwanya wa standby. Iyo ikimenyetso cya kode yinjiye kidahuye, uruziga rwo kwakira ntiruzatangira. Mu minota 10, ikimenyetso cya kode kirenga 10 ntigihuye, ingufuri itekereza ko hari umuntu ugerageza kwiba imodoka, bityo hagarika kwakira ibimenyetso, harimo no kwakira ikimenyetso cya kode gikwiye, muri iki gihe ugomba gushyirwamo n'umukoresha w'ikoranabuhanga hamwe n'urugi rw'urufunguzo kugira ngo ufungure umuryango. Gusubizaho ikimenyetso bishobora gutangizwa no gucana urufunguzo hanyuma icyuma gifunguza urugi rwo kuyobora rushobora kuzimwa hanyuma rugafungurwa. Niba urugi rudafunguwe mu masegonda 30 nyuma y'uko urugi rufunguwe n'igikoresho cyo kuyobora rukoresheje ikoranabuhanga, urugi ruzafungwa mu buryo bwikora.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha ibice by'imodoka bya MG & MAUXS.
