Imodoka Zhuomeng | Icyi cyizuba, cyera umunsi kumunsi, ibintu byose mugutangaza izuba rikabije.》
Impeshyi izuba ni igihe cya 10 cyizuba ryizuba 24. Indobo y'urutoki saa sita; Uburebure bw'izuba 90 °; Yizihizwa ku ya 20-22 Kamena muri kalendari ya Geregori. Kuri uyumunsi, izuba rigera mumajyaruguru yumwaka, hafi ya Tropic ya Kanseri, kandi Amajyaruguru yisi ifite amasaha maremare yumwaka. Mu bice byo mu majyaruguru ya Tropic ya Kanseri, izuba ryinshi ni umunsi wumwaka iyo izuba ryo ku manywa rigeze ku butumburuke bwaryo.
Ikiruhuko cy'impeshyi nicyo gihinduka kugirango izuba rigere mu majyaruguru. Nyuma y'izuba ryinshi, izuba ritaziguye ritangira kwerekeza mu majyepfo kuva muri Tropic ya Kanseri, maze iminsi itangira kuba mugufi mu gice cy'amajyaruguru. Kubushinwa buherereye mumajyaruguru ya Tropic ya Kanseri, nyuma yizuba ryinshi, uburebure bwizuba rya sasita butangira kugabanuka umunsi kumunsi; Mu bice byo mu majyepfo ya Tropic ya Kanseri mu Bushinwa, ubutumburuke bw'izuba rya saa sita busubira mu majyepfo nyuma y'izuba ryinshi, kandi izuba ritangira kumanuka buri munsi nyuma y'izuba ryinshi.
Ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubuhehere bwinshi, hamwe ninkuba rimwe na rimwe biranga ikirere nyuma yizuba ryinshi. Ikiruhuko cyizuba hagati yumwanya wizuba, ni ukuvuga umwanya wa sasita, nyuma ya saa sita ni Yang; Nubwo izuba ryinshi ryizuba ryinshi kandi rifite umunsi muremure, ntabwo byanze bikunze umunsi ushyushye wumwaka, bityo ubushyuhe hafi yubuso buracyarundanya kandi ntibugere kumwanya ntarengwa. Impeshyi izuba ni rimwe mu mvugo 24 yizuba, mubihe bya kera nabwo ni umunsi mukuru mubantu "amasaha ane umunani", kubera ko kera cyane hariho umuco wo gusenga mugihe cyizuba. Byongeye kandi, nyuma yizuba ryinshi, abantu muri rusange barya isupu ya Qingbuliang, icyayi cyibimera, isupu ikarishye nibindi kugirango birinde ubushyuhe.
Inkomoko yamateka
“24 Solar Terms” ni umusaruro w’ubuhinzi bwa kera. Abantu bavumbuye ibihe bine bya kamere, maze buhoro buhoro bamenya ko ihinduka ryikirere na fenologiya mumwaka nabyo bifite amategeko agomba gukurikiza. Kwitegereza Big Dipper nimugoroba buri munsi, abantu basanze mubihe bitandukanye, icyerekezo cya "Big Dipper" hamwe nicyerekezo cyindobo zitandukanye. Big Dipper rero imaze igihe kinini ari ikimenyetso cyinyenyeri yerekana ibihe. Nkuko “Guanzi · Kuzenguruka” yabyanditse: “Indobo y'indobo iburasirazuba ivuga isi ni isoko; Indobo y'indobo yerekeza mu isi impeshyi; Indobo ifata iburengerazuba yerekeza ku isi ni igihe cyizuba; Ni imbeho ku isi hose. ”
Imirasire y'izuba 24 ni ibihe byihariye muri kalendari byerekana impinduka mu njyana karemano kandi bigashyiraho “kubaka Ukuboza.” Ku myaka ine, hari amezi atatu mugihe cyizuba, icyi, impeshyi nimbeho, amagambo abiri yizuba buri kwezi, kandi buri gihe cyizuba gifite ubusobanuro bwihariye. Dukurikije igitabo cyitwa Chen Xiling “Kurikiza Itegeko Nshinga” gisobanura [izuba ryinshi]: “Izuba ni amajyaruguru, izuba ni rirerire, n'izuba ni rito, ku buryo ryitwa izuba ryinshi.” Icy'ingenzi, icy'ingenzi. ” Kubwibyo izina ryizuba ryinshi. Ku manywa y'ihangu kuri iyi minsi izuba ryinshi, izuba rirasa rwose (hafi), kandi Tropic yo mu karere ka Kanseri izagaragara muri make "nta gicucu", "nta gicucu" kiboneka gusa mu bice byo mu majyepfo ya Tropic ya Kanseri.
Impeshyi izuba ni ijambo rya cumi ryizuba rya "24 Solar Terms". Kuri uyumunsi, izuba rigera mumajyaruguru yumwaka, hafi ya hejuru yubushyuhe bwa Kanseri (23 ° 26 ′ N), kandi uburebure bwamanywa ni bwo burebure mu gice cy’amajyaruguru, kandi n’uburebure buri hejuru, niko burebure umunsi. Ibi biterwa n "umunsi muremure ningaruka za nijoro" zatewe no kugoreka kwisi kuzenguruka isi, bikaba bigaragara cyane ko yegereye inkingi. Kurugero, umunsi mumujyi wa Haikou mu Ntara ya Hainan ni amasaha arenze gato 13, i Hangzhou ni amasaha 14, i Beijing ni amasaha 15, naho mumujyi wa Mohe muri Heilongjiang ni amasaha arenga 17. Amajyaruguru y’uruziga rwa Arctique, izuba riguma hejuru ya horizon umunsi wose, bigatuma riba umunsi ukabije wumwaka mu gice cy’amajyaruguru.
Muri icyo gihe, mu turere two mu majyaruguru ya Tropic ya Kanseri, izuba ry’izuba naryo ni umunsi wumwaka izuba rya sasita ni ryo ryinshi mu karere. Ikiruhuko cyizuba ni umunsi wamajyaruguru yumwaka, mugihe igice cyamajyaruguru cyakira imirasire yizuba ikubye hafi kabiri igice cyamajyepfo.
Ikiruhuko cy'impeshyi nicyo gihindura urugendo rw'izuba rugana mu majyaruguru. Nyuma yuyu munsi, izuba "rizahindukira", kandi urumuri rwizuba rutangira kwerekeza mumajyepfo kuva muri Tropic ya Kanseri. Mu turere two mu majyaruguru ya Tropic ya Kanseri mu Bushinwa, nyuma y'izuba ryinshi, izuba rya saa sita ritangira kugabanuka buri munsi; Mu turere two mu majyepfo ya Tropic ya Kanseri mu Bushinwa, nyuma y’izuba ryinshi, ubutumburuke bw’izuba rya saa sita ntibutangira kugabanuka umunsi ku munsi kugeza igihe bunyuze mu zuba ry’amajyepfo. Buri karere ko mu majyepfo ya Tropic ya Kanseri mu gice cy’amajyaruguru kirasa mu buryo buhagaritse ku isi n'izuba kabiri mu mwaka.
Nyuma yizuba ryinshi, iminsi itangira kuba mugufi hakurya yisi yisi. Hariho abantu bavuga ngo "nyuma yo kurya isafuriya yo mu cyi, umunsi umwe ni mugufi." Wei Yingwu, umusizi w’Ubushinwa mu ngoma ya Tang, na we yanditse mu gitabo cye cyitwa North Pond of Summer Solstice ko “umunsi wabaye igicu, kandi ijoro ryatangiye kuva icyo gihe.”
Muri icyo gihe, nyuma yizuba ryinshi ryizuba, ikirere nijoro cyahindutse buhoro buhoro ikirere cyizuba.
Ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere
Nyuma yizuba ryinshi, nubwo izuba ryerekeje izuba ryatangiye kugenda ryerekeza mumajyepfo kuva muri Tropic ya Kanseri, umunsi w’amajyaruguru yisi watangiye kuba mugufi, ariko kubera ko ubushyuhe bwimirasire yizuba kubutaka buracyari hejuru yubutaka. ku kirere, bityo rero mugihe gikurikira, ubushyuhe buzakomeza kwiyongera, nuko hariho "izuba ryinshi ariko ntirishyushye". Nkuko baca umugani ngo, "ubushyuhe muri Fu eshatu", ikirere nyacyo gishyushye, nko muri Nyakanga hagati kugeza Kanama hagati muri kalendari ya Geregori.
Kuri uyumunsi, izuba rigera mumajyaruguru yumwaka, naho igice cyamajyaruguru gifite amasaha maremare yumunsi yumwaka. Muri iki gihe, ubushyuhe mu bice byinshi by’Ubushinwa buri hejuru, izuba rirahagije, ibihingwa bikura vuba, kandi amazi akenewe ku mubiri no ku bidukikije ni menshi. [24] Nyuma yizuba ryinshi, ubutaka bukorerwa nubushyuhe bukabije, umwuka wikwirakwiza urakomeye, kandi inkuba zikunda kubaho kuva nyuma ya saa sita kugeza nimugoroba. Ubu bwoko bw'inkuba ishyushye iraza kandi ikagenda vuba, kandi imvura igwa ni nto, abantu bakavuga ngo "imvura yo mu cyi itandukanya umurima."
“Icyi cy'izuba” ni intangiriro y'impeshyi. Nubwo utaragera umunsi ushyushye wumwaka, ntabwo uri kure y "kugwa". Kuva kuri "icyi cyizuba", nyuma y "iminsi ya Geng" itatu, izinjira muminsi yimbwa ishyushye yumwaka, ibyo bita "icyi cya solstice numero eshatu heptyl ya volt ya mbere". Ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubuhehere bwinshi, hamwe ninkuba rimwe na rimwe ni byo biranga ikirere nyuma yizuba ryinshi.
◆ “Nta gicucu”
Mu gihe cy'izuba ryinshi, izuba riba hafi ya Tropic ya Kanseri, kandi saa sita zirenze rwose (hafi), kandi agace kegereye Tropic ya Kanseri kazagaragara "ako kanya katagaragara". Iyi phenomenon iboneka gusa mu majyepfo ya Tropic ya Kanseri, aho izuba rikubita hasi kabiri mu mwaka.
Impeshyi izuba ryamajyaruguru namajyepfo kurya noode
Kuva mu bihe bya kera, hari uduce tumwe na tumwe two mu Bushinwa, “Amababi ya solstice yo mu gihe cy'imbeho hamwe n'amasoko yo mu mpeshyi”, kandi kurya noode mu gihe cy'izuba ni umuco w'ingenzi mu turere twinshi. Kuberako ingano nshya yagaragaye mugihe cyizuba, kurya isafuriya mugihe cyizuba nabyo bifite ubusobanuro bushya.
Ikiruhuko
Ikiruhuko cy'impeshyi, kimwe n'izuba ryinshi, ni umunsi mukuru w'ingenzi mu Bushinwa. Yiswe “Umunsi mukuru w'impeshyi” na “Summer Solstice Festival” mu bihe bya kera. Mbere y’ingoma ya Qing, izuba ryinshi ryagiraga umunsi mukuru wigihugu, hanyuma ajya murugo kunywa hamwe na benewabo kugirango birinde ubushyuhe bwimpeshyi, izwi nkikiruhuko cyizuba. Mu ngoma y'indirimbo, “Wenchang Miscella” yaranditse ati: “Ikiruhuko cy'impeshyi gitangira, abayobozi bafite iminsi itatu y'ikiruhuko.”
Igitonyanga cyimvura izuba ryinshi gifite agaciro k'amadorari ibihumbi.
Zhuomeng Imodoka
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-21-2024