《Uburumbuke buke bw'ibinyampeke》
Xiaomeng, igihembwe cya munani cy'izuba mu mvugo 24 z'izuba, ni nacyo gihembwe cya kabiri cy'izuba mu mpeshyi. Xiao Man, irwana n'imisumari, izuba rigera kuri dogere 60, mu iserukiramuco rya Gregori ribera buri mwaka kuva ku ya 20 kugeza ku ya 22 Gicurasi. Izina rya Xiao Man rifite ibisobanuro bibiri. Icya mbere, rifitanye isano n'imvura igwa mu kirere. Mu gihe cy'izuba rito rya Manchu, imvura igwa mu majyepfo itangira kwiyongera kandi igwa kenshi. Nk'uko bivugwa, "Into yuzuye, nto yuzuye, imigezi iragenda yuzura buhoro buhoro." "Yuzuye" mu gihembwe gito cyuzuye yerekeza ku mvura nyinshi. Icya kabiri, ifitanye isano n'ingano z'ubuhinzi. Mu turere tw'amajyaruguru, imvura iba nke cyangwa nta mvura iba nyinshi mu gihe cy'izuba rya Xiaomeng, kandi iri "ryuzuye" ntirivuga imvura, ahubwo ryerekeza ku ngano yuzuye.
Mu gihe cy’izuba rito rya Manchu, ubusanzwe haba hari imvura nyinshi n’imvura nyinshi mu majyepfo y’Ubushinwa. Umucyo ushyushye n’ubutose uturuka mu nyanja uba ukora, kandi umwuka ukonje uturuka mu majyaruguru ugana mu majyepfo urahurira. Muri iki gihe, hakunze kubaho imvura nyinshi mu majyepfo y’Ubushinwa, bigatera imvura nyinshi cyangwa imvura nyinshi cyane. Agace ka Jiangnan gakunze kuba kuzuye imigezi n’ibiyaga, niba imvura ari nke muri iki cyiciro, bishobora kuba biterwa n’uko umuvuduko mwinshi w’ikirere muri Pasifika uba muto, kandi aho uherereye ni mu majyepfo, bivuze ko ari igihe cya Huangmei. Mu majyaruguru, haba hari imvura nke cyangwa nta mvura iba ihari mu gihe cy’izuba rya Xiaomian, aho ubushyuhe buzamuka cyane kandi itandukaniro ry’ubushyuhe n’amajyepfo rikagabanuka cyane.
"Amagambo 24 y'izuba" ni umusaruro w'ubuhinzi bwa kera bw'Abashinwa. Si uburyo bw'ibihe gusa bwo kuyobora umusaruro w'ubuhinzi, ahubwo ni uburyo gakondo bushingiye ku migenzo gakondo ifite imigenzo gakondo ikungahaye. Dukurikije imiterere y'umuryango w'abahinzi, ijambo "imigenzo gakondo" rishingiye ku migenzo gakondo rigizwe ahanini n'"umuntu muto usenga imodoka y'Imana", "umuntu muto wimura imodoka eshatu (amazi, amavuta n'imodoka z'ubudodo)", "umuntu muto afata amazi", "umuhango w'ubudodo bw'umugabo muto", "umuntu muto arya imboga zo mu gasozi" n'ibindi. Mu majyepfo, "yuzuye" muri manchu nto yerekeza ku mvura nyinshi. "Yuzuye", uhereye ku mazi, ibisobanuro by'umwimerere ni "yuzuye". Nk'uko "Shuowen Jiezi" yabivuze: "yuzuye, yuzuye kandi." Mu gihe cy'izuba rya Xiaomeng, imvura y'impeshyi yo mu Nyanja y'Amajyepfo y'Ubushinwa iratangira, kandi imvura mu majyepfo y'Ubushinwa irushaho kuba nyinshi, bityo imigezi iba yuzuye. Muri iki gihe, mu gihe cyo gutera amazi, iyo imvura ari nke, ni ukuvuga mu mvugo y'umuhinzi, icyo bita "umurima muto wuzuye, umurima wumye", "umurima muto wuzuye, ugutwi mu gutwi utitaye ku byo uryamye", ni ukuvuga ko niba umurima wuzuye amazi, bishobora gutuma umurima wuma kandi ugacika, ndetse n'igihe ugutwi mu gutwi kudashobora gutera umuceri. Mu migani y'abahinzi bo mu majyepfo, Xiaoman yerekeza ku mvura mu bintu bitatu bigize ikirere (urumuri, imvura n'ubushyuhe). Nyuma y'ijambo rya Xiaomian ry'izuba, bitewe n'imvura y'impeshyi yo mu Nyanja y'Amajyepfo y'Ubushinwa, imvura nyinshi mu majyepfo y'Ubushinwa iziyongera cyane, kandi imigezi izaba yuzuye kugeza ubu, bityo yitwa "Xiaomian".
Mu gihe cy'izuba cya Xiaomian, akarere k'amajyaruguru ntikaragera mu gihe cy'imvura, imvura igwa nke cyane cyangwa nta mvura igwa. Ubutaka bwo mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa ahanini ni ubutaka bwumye, kandi ibinyampeke byiganjemo ingano. Ibihingwa by'impeshyi nk'ingano zo mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa byatangiye kuzura, ariko ntibirakura, kimwe n'igihe cyo kurangiza igihe cyo gukura kw'amata, bityo byitwa "Xiaomeng". Uburyo bwa Confucius, kirazira "byuzuye cyane", "binini byuzuye", hari "ibyuzuye ibyangiritse, inyungu nto" "ibintu bikabije bizasubira inyuma" byavuzwe. Byuzuye igihombo, inyungu nto. Bito byuzuye, byuzuye nta gihombo, byuzuye nta kuzuza, byuzuye nta kuzuza. Bito byuzuye, akarere k'amajyaruguru k'ingano zuzuye gusa ariko ntizuzura, zuzuye cyane zirakabije, kuri iyi nshuro ingano zuzuye ni nziza, ingano zuzuye ariko ntizuzura, zuzuye ariko ntizuzura, byitwa "bito byuzuye". "Amagambo 24 y'izuba" ni igihe cyihariye muri kalendari kigaragaza impinduka z'umuvuduko karemano kandi kigashyiraho "iyubakwa ry'Ukuboza", rishobora kugaragaza neza impinduka z'umuvuduko karemano kandi rikubiyemo ibisobanuro birebire by'umuco n'amateka. Ibiranga ikirere by'ijambo ry'izuba rya Xiaomian ni imvura ikunze kugwa, kandi akenshi habaho urwego runini rw'imvura nyinshi. Uhereye ku biranga ikirere (ubushyuhe bw'ikigereranyo cya pentad), ibice byinshi by'Ubushinwa byinjiye mu mpeshyi kimwe nyuma y'ikindi mu gihe cya Little Manchowder, kandi itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'amajyaruguru n'amajyepfo ryarushijeho kugabanuka. Ubushinwa ni agace gakunda cyane mu mpeshyi ku isi. Bigizweho ingaruka cyane n'imvura y'impeshyi yo mu Burasirazuba bwa Aziya, imvura y'impeshyi ntigena gusa imiterere y'ikirere mu Bushinwa, ahubwo inagenzura impinduka z'aho imvura inyura n'uko amapfa n'umwuzure bihagaze mu Bushinwa. Nyuma y'igihe cya Xiaomian cy'izuba, imvura y'impeshyi yo mu Nyanja y'Amajyepfo y'Ubushinwa iratangira, bivuze ko amazi ahindagurika azagwa mu Bushinwa, kandi imvura nyinshi igwa yiyongera cyane mu majyepfo y'Ubushinwa. Uduce tumwe na tumwe mu Bushinwa turi mu gihe cy'imyuzure mbere y'umwuzure, hanyuma tuzinjire mu gihe cy'imyuzure. Amajyaruguru n'amajyepfo y'Ubushinwa bifite imiterere myinshi y'ubutaka n'ikirere gitandukanye. Ku bijyanye n'imvura, mu gihe gito cya Manchu, imvura iba nyinshi mu karere k'amajyepfo kandi imvura iba nke mu karere k'amajyaruguru. Muri byo, imvura igwa mu majyepfo y'uruzi rwa Yangtze muri rusange irenga mm 100, naho imvura igwa mu turere two ku nkombe nka Fujian na Guangdong irenga mm 180. Imvura igwa mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa no mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'Ubushinwa iri hagati ya mm 20 na 40, mu gihe imvura igwa mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'Ubushinwa iri munsi ya mm 20.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-20-2024