Igiciro cyuruganda Saic Maxus T60 C00021134 Swing Umupira

igitekerezo

Imiterere isanzwe yahagaritswe igizwe nibintu bya elastike, iyobora uburyo, ikurura ibitekerezo, nibindi byinshi birimo amababi ya buffe, nibindi bintu, amasoko yinzira, hamwe na torsion brick amasoko. Guhagarika imodoka bigezweho bikoresha ahanini kopi ya coil hamwe namasoko ya torsion amasoko, hamwe nimodoka zimwe na zimwe ndende zikoresha amasoko yindege.

Igice cyakazi:

shock absorber

Imikorere: Gukuramo ibintu nicyo kintu nyamukuru kibyara imbaraga. Imikorere yayo ni uguhitamo vuba kunyeganyega kw'imodoka, kunoza ihumure ry'imodoka, kandi uzamure amarangamutima hagati y'uruziga n'ubutaka. Byongeye kandi, guswera bitangaje birashobora kugabanya imitwaro ifite umubiri, yongerera umurimo wimodoka. Ihungabana rikoreshwa cyane mumodoka ni silinder ubwoko bwa silinderi hydraulic ihungamirimo, kandi imiterere yacyo irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: ubwoko bubiri bwa silinderi [2]

Working principle: When the wheel jumps up and down, the piston of the shock absorber reciprocates in the working chamber, so that the liquid of the shock absorber passes through the orifice on the piston, because the liquid has a certain viscosity and when the liquid passes through the orifice, it is in contact with the hole wall Friction is generated between them, so that kinetic energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated into the air, kugirango ugere ku gikorwa cyo kunyeganyega.

(2) ibintu bya elastique

Imikorere: Gushyigikira umutwaro uhagaze, korohereza no kubuza kunyeganyega ningaruka ziterwa nubutaka butaringaniye. Ibintu bya elastique birimo ahanini inkombe yisoko, COIL SPOR, torsion bar isoko, isoko yisoko na reberi isoko, nibindi

Ihame: Ibice bikozwe mubikoresho bifite imbaraga nyinshi, mugihe uruziga rukorerwa ingaruka nini, ingufu za kinetic zahinduwe imbaraga zishobora guturika kandi zibikwa, kandi zirekurwa mugihe uruziga rusimbukira cyangwa ngo rusubire kuri leta yumwimerere.

(3) Uburyo bwo kuyobora

Uruhare rwuburyo bwo kuyobora ni ugutandura imbaraga nakanya, kandi rugira uruhare ruyobora. Mugihe cyo gutwara imodoka, inzira yinziga zirashobora kugenzurwa.

Ingaruka

Guhagarikwa ninteko ingenzi mumodoka, ihuza neza ikadiri hamwe niziga, kandi bifitanye isano nibikorwa bitandukanye byimodoka. Uhereye hanze, guhagarikwa imodoka bigizwe gusa ninkoni zimwe, imiyoboro n'amasoko, ariko ntutekereze ko byoroshye. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, guhagarika imodoka ninteko y'imodoka igoye kuzuza ibisabwa byuzuye, kubera ko guhagarikwa ari ukuzuza ibyo bisabwa mu modoka, birakenewe kandi kujuje ibisabwa mu buryo bwo gukemura, kandi ibi bintu byombi biratandukanye. Kurugero, kugirango tugere guhumuriza neza, birakenewe cyane kunyeganyega kw'imodoka, bityo isoko igomba kuba igamije korora, ariko biroroshye gutera imodoka kuri feri "nod", kwihuta "kandi birazunguruka cyane. Icyifuzo ntigifasha kuyobora imodoka, kandi biroroshye gutuma imodoka idahungabana.

Guhagarikwa

Ibiranga imiterere idahwitse ni uko ibiziga ku mpande zombi bifitanye isano na intwaro zifatika, hamwe ninziga hamwe na axle zihagarikwa munsi yikadiri cyangwa mumodoka ukoresheje ihagarikwa rya elastique. Guhagarika bidashingiye ku nyungu zoroshye, igiciro gito, imbaraga nyinshi, kubungabunga byoroshye, n'impinduka nto imbere yo guhuza ibiziga mugihe cyo gutwara. Ariko, kubera ihumure ribi no gukemura ibibazo, mubyukuri ntibigikoreshwa mumodoka zigezweho. , ahanini bikoreshwa mumakamyo na bisi.

Amababi Isoko idahagarara

Isoko yamababi ikoreshwa nkibintu bya elastike byihagarikwa ryigenga. Kuberako kandi ikora nkuburyo bwo kuyobora, sisitemu yo guhagarika Yoroheje cyane.

Ibibabi birebire bitari kwigenga bikoresha amasoko yibibabi nkibintu bya elastike kandi biteguriwe kumodoka ugereranije na axitudinal yimodoka.

Ihame ryakazi: Iyo imodoka yinjije kumuhanda utaringaniye kandi ihura numutwaro wingirakamaro, ibiziga bitwara imitako kugirango usimbukire, kandi impeshyi yisoko yimodoka yo hepfo nayo izamuka icyarimwe. Uburebure bwiyongereyeho hejuru yisoko yamababi irashobora guhuzwa no kwagura imipaka yinyuma nta kwivanga. Kuberako impera yo hejuru ya scheck ihagaze kandi iherezo ryo hepfo rigenda, rihwanye no gukora muburyo bufunze, kandi urugo rwiyongera kugirango rugatemba kunyeganyega. Iyo igisimba cyo gusimbuka kirenze intera iri hagati ya buffer yahagaritswe hamwe na bigarukiraho, buffer guhagarika imibonano kandi ihagarikwa nigituba ntarengwa. [2]

Ibyiciro: Ibibabi birebire bimaze kwipimisha ntibishobora kugabanywamo ibibabi bya firectrin bimaze kwigabanywa, guhagarika uburimbane hamwe nibibabi birebire byimpeshyi bitarinze kwigenga. Ni uguhagarika kwigenga hamwe nibibabi birebire.

1..

Ibibabi birebire byihuta bidashingiye ku kwigenga bivuga intera iri hagati yikigo cya U-shit nicyo kibangana mugihe hashyizwe ahagaragara mugihe cyizuba (ikiraro).

2. Amafaranga asigaye

Guhagarikwa kuringaniza ni uguhagarika cyemeza ko umutwaro uhagaze ku ruziga kuri maxle (axle) ihora aringaniye. Imikorere yo gukoresha ihagarikwa iringaniye ni ukureba neza ibiziga nubutaka, umutwaro umwe, no kwemeza ko umushoferi ashobora kugenzura icyerekezo cyimodoka nimodoka ifite imbaraga zitwara.

Ukurikije inzego zitandukanye, ihagarikwa kuri buringaniye zirashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: ubwoko bwa rod rod n'ubwoko bw'amaboko.

Kureka Brize. Yashinzwe hamwe nisoko ihagaze ihagaritse, kandi impande zombi zishyizwe kumurongo wa slide slate infashanyo hejuru yinyuma ya axle axle. Igice cyo hagati gikosowe kuri buringaniye guswera ukoresheje u-shit bolts, kandi irashobora kuzenguruka igiti kiringaniwe, kandi igiti kiringaniwe gikosowe kumurongo wimodoka unyuze mu gihome. Impera imwe yinkoni ya det yashizweho kumurongo, naho iyindi irangizwa hamwe na axle. Inkunga ya gatatu ikoreshwa mugutandukira imbaraga zitwara, ingufu za feri hamwe nimbaraga zijyanye.

Ihame ryakazi rya pustring rod ihagarikwa ni ikinyabiziga kinini gitwara kumuhanda utaringaniye. Niba buri ruziga ruremera imiterere isanzwe yicyuma nkihagarikwa, ntirishobora kwemeza ko ibiziga byose byubahiriza ubutaka, cyangwa hamwe na zeru Niba bibaye kubiziga bitwara, bimwe (niba atari byose) byimbaraga zitwara. Shyiramo injyana yo hagati hamwe na chardole yinyuma yimodoka eshatu-yimodoka kumirongo ibiri yimpande zose, hanyuma igice cyo hagati cyumurongo uringaniye uhuza ifurungano. Kubwibyo, ibiziga ku biraro byombi ntibishobora kugenda hejuru no hepfo wigenga. Niba uruziga urwo arirwo rwose rurohama urwobo, urundi ruziga rwimuka hejuru yingaruka zingana. Kubera ko amaboko ya stabilizer bar afite uburebure bungana, umutwaro uhagaze ku ruziga rwombi ruringaniye.

Ihagarikwa rya Transast Rod ihagarikwa ryakoreshejwe inyuma ya 6 × 6-axle off-umuhanda na 6 × 4 ya mirongo ine.

Guhagarika amaboko. Guhagarika imirongo yo hagati yafataga imiterere yimpeshyi yamashanyarazi. Igicucu cyinyuma cyometse kumpera yimbere yukuboko kwa swing, mugihe impeta ya swing axt yafatanye kumurongo. Impera yinyuma yukuboko guhumeka ihujwe na char axle (axle) yimodoka.

Ihame ryakazi ryibiboko kuringaniye ni uko imodoka itwara kumuhanda utaringaniye. Niba ikiraro cyo hagati kigwa mu rwobo, ukuboko kwa swing azakurwa mu mwogo cy'inyuma, kizunguruka ku isaha ya swing arch. Uruziga rwa axle ruzamuka. Ukuboko kwa swing hano ni leveri, kandi igipimo cyo gukwirakwiza umutwaro uhagaze hagati kandi yinyuma biterwa nubusambanyi bwumukono nuburaro bwimbere.

Coil Cheil SPRIS-GUHAGARIKA

Kuberako inkomoko ya coil, nkigihangange cya elastiki, ishobora gusa kubyara imitwaro ihagaritse, uburyo bwo kuyobora no gusohora bigomba kongerwa muri sisitemu yo guhagarika.

Igizwe n'amasoko y'ibiceri, ihungabana, ihungabana rikabije, inkoni ndende ndende, inkoni zagati, zishimangira inkoni nibindi bikoresho. Ibiranga imiterere ni uko ibiziga byibumoso kandi byiburyo bihujwe muri rusange hamwe nigitambara cyose. Impera yo hepfo ya Shock irashizweho ku nkunga yinyuma, hanyuma imperuka yo hejuru ihinduka umubiri wimodoka. Amasoko ya Coil ashyizwe hagati yisoko yo hejuru nintebe yo hasi hanze yihungabana. Intara yinyuma yintoki ndende irasuye kuri axle nimperuka yimbere ifatirwa kumurongo. Impera imwe yintoki zamaboko yahinduwe ku mubiri wimodoka, hanyuma izindi mpera zifatirwa kumuti. Iyo ukora, isoko ifite umutwaro uhagaze, hamwe n'imbaraga ndende kandi imbaraga zamabakwa ziterwa na maremare yinkoni ndende kandi ihindura. Iyo ibiziga bisimbutse, axle yose isigaye hafi yinkomoko yintoki ndende hamwe ninkoni yinkoni yumubiri. Rubber bushings ku ngingo ya articulation ikuraho intangarugero mugihe axle swings. Guhagarika ibintu bitari kwigenga birakwiriye guhagarika amaso inyuma yimodoka yabagenzi.

Isoko ry'isoko ridahagaritswe

Iyo imodoka ikora, kubera impinduka zumutwaro nubuso bwumuhanda, gukomera kwihagarikwa birasabwa guhindura uko bikwiye. Imodoka zirasabwa kugabanya uburebure bwumubiri no kongera umuvuduko mumihanda myiza; Kugirango wongere uburebure bwumubiri kandi wongere ubushobozi bwo gutanga mumihanda mibi, bityo uburebure bwumubiri busabwa kugirango buhindurwe dukurikije ibisabwa. Ihagarikwa ry'isoko ritigenga rishobora kubahiriza ibisabwa.

Igizwe na compressor, ikigega cyo kubika ikirere, uburebure bugenzura valve, isoko yinyuma, igenzura inkoni yinkomoko, nibindi. Isoko ry'ikirere rishyizwe hagati y'ikadiri (umubiri) na chan, kandi uburebure bugenzura valve ihamye ku mubiri w'ikinyabiziga. Iherezo rya Rod ya Piston rifatiwe nukuboko kwambukiranya inkoni yo kugenzura, naho urundi ruhande rwukuboko kwambukiranya intoki zigenzurwa. Igice cyo hagati gishyigikirwa mugice cyo hejuru cyisoko ryikirere, hanyuma impera yo hepfo yinkomoko igenzurwa kuri thexle. Ibigize bigize impeshyi yikirere ihujwe hamwe binyuze mumashusho. Gazi y'umuvuduko mwinshi wakozwe na compressor yinjira mu kigega cy'ikirere binyuze mu gutandukanya amazi hamwe n'amazi, hanyuma yinjira mu kibuga cy'indege binyuze muyungurura ikirere nyuma yo kuva muri Tank yo kubika gaze. Ikigega cy'indege, ikigega cyo kubika ikirere gihujwe n'ikirere kuri buri ruziga kuri buri mpeshyi iriyongera, kandi icyarimwe, mu gihe kimwe, mu gihe kimwe, mu gihe kimwe cyo kwiyongera ku kigega cy'indege cyahagaritswe. Nkibintu bya elastike, isoko yikirere irashobora kugabanya ingaruka zimukorera ukora ku ruziga ruva hejuru yumuhanda mugihe cyashyikirijwe umubiri wikinyabiziga unyuze kumurongo. Byongeye kandi, guhagarikwa ikirere birashobora kandi guhindura uburebure bwumubiri wikinyabiziga. Piston iherereye hagati yicyambu cyamafarasi hamwe nicyambu cyo gusohora ikirere murwego rwo kugenzura valve, kandi gaze kuva mu kigega cy'ikirere kibangamira ikigega cy'ikirere n'isoko ry'ikinyabiziga, kandi rizamura uburebure bw'umubiri w'ikinyabiziga. Iyo piston iri mumwanya wo hejuru wicyambu cyo hejuru muburebure bugenzura valve, gaze mu mpeshyi yirukanwa ku gitonyanga cy'impeshyi, bityo ikigo cy'imyororokere y'isoko, bityo uburebure bw'umubiri w'ikinyabiziga nabwo bwatonyanga. Inkoni igenzura hamwe nukuboko kwambukiranya ukuboko kugena imyanya ya piston muburebure bugenzura valve.

Ihagarikwa ry'ikirere rifite urukurikirane rw'ibyiza nko gukora imodoka hamwe no kugenda neza, kuzamura imirongo imwe nimiterere yigihe gito kandi bihinduka uburebure bwumuhanda kandi bikaba bifite imiterere igoye nibisabwa bikabije byo gushyirwaho ikimenyetso. n'indi makosa. Ikoreshwa mu modoka zitwara abagenzi, amakamyo, romoruki n'imodoka zitwara abagenzi.

Amavuta na gaze isoko ntabwo yigenga

Amavuta-pneumatiyatic Impeta yigenga ihagarikwa ryigenga bivuga guhagarika itigenga mugihe ibintu bya elastike byemeraga impeshyi-pneumatike.

Igizwe n'amasoko ya peteroli na gaze, inkoni ya buffer, buffer irahagarara, inkoni ndende ndende nibindi bice. Iherezo ryo hejuru rya peteroli-pneumatike rishyizwe kumurongo wimodoka, hanyuma imperuka yo hepfo ikosowe kumurongo wimbere. Uruhande rwibumoso n'iburyo rukoresha uburyo bwo hepfo ya maremare bukubiye hagati yumurongo wimbere hamwe nubwicanyi burebure. Intera yo hejuru ya Longtitoitude ishyirwa kumurongo wimbere hamwe nigituba cyimbere cyindabyo ndende. Inkoni yo hejuru no hepfo ya maremare ikora ibibangikanye, bikoreshwa kugirango urebe ko inguni ya Caster ya Kingpin ihinduka mugihe ikiziga kisimbukira hejuru. Inyuma ya transvers yamenetse ku kibero cyimbere cya burertitudinal na bracket kuruhande rwiburyo rwamavuza. Guhagarika buffer yashyizwe munsi yimiterere ibiri miremire. Kuberako isoko-pneumatike yashyizwe hagati yikadiri na chatle, nkigihangange cya elastike, irashobora koroshya ingaruka ziva kumuhanda hejuru yiziga iyo zashyikirijwe ikadiri. Inkoni zo hejuru no hepfo zikoreshwa muguhindura imbaraga ndende kandi zihangana nigihe cyo gukora cyatewe nimbaraga za feri. Uruhande rwagati rwa Trastral Transtam Transtation.

Iyo isoko-ya gaze ikoreshwa ku gikamyo yubucuruzi ifite umutwaro munini, ingano na misa ni bito biranga amababi kandi bifite ibintu byinshi bifatika byo gushiraho ikimenyetso no kubungabunga bigoye. Guhagarika amavuta-pneumatike birakwiriye kumakamyo yubucuruzi hamwe numutwaro uremereye.

Kwigenga Guhagarika Ubwanditsi

Guhagarika kwigenga bivuze ko ibiziga kuri buri ruhande byahagaritswe ku nkombe cyangwa umubiri ukoresheje ihagarikwa rya elastique. Ibyiza byayo ni: uburemere bworoshye, kugabanya ingaruka kumubiri, no kuzamura ubutaka bwo gusiganwa ku ruziga; Amasoko yoroshye afite imbaraga nto arashobora gukoreshwa mugutezimbere ihumure ryimodoka; Umwanya wa moteri urashobora kumanurwa, kandi hagati yuburemere bwimodoka nayo irashobora kumanurwa, bityo igamanurwa, bityo itezimbere imodoka ituje; Ibiziga by'ibumoso n'iburyo bisimbuka wigenga kandi ntibigenga kuri buriwese, bishobora kugabanya impingamico no kunyeganyega k'umubiri w'imodoka. Ariko, guhagarika kwigenga bifite ibibi byimiterere igoye, ikiguzi kinini no kubungabunga. Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha ihagarikwa ryigenga. Dukurikije imiterere itandukanye, guhagarika kwigenga birashobora kugabanywamo kwifuzwa, gusiganwa ku maboko bikurikirana, guhagarikwa byinshi, guhagarikwa kwa buji, no guhakana macle.

Wishbone

Guhagarika kwambukiranya bivuga guhagarika kwigenga aho ibiziga bizunguruka mu ndege yambaye imodoka. Igabanyijemo ihagarikwa kabiri-ihagarikwa no guhagarikwa kimwe ukurikije umubare wambukiranya amaboko.

Ubwoko bumwe bwibanze bufite ibyiza byimiterere yoroshye, ikigo kinini cyizungu hamwe nubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya. Ariko, hamwe no kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'imodoka zigezweho, ikigo kinini kirenze urugero kizatera impinduka nini munzira yibiziga mugihe ibiziga bisimburwa, kandi kwambara ipine biziyongera. Byongeye kandi, imbaraga zihagaritse ihererekanyabubasha bwibumoso kandi iburyo zizaba nini cyane mugihe gisharira cyane, bikavamo cameber yiyongera yinziga yinyuma. Inguni inoze y'uruziga rw'inyuma iragabanuka, bikaviramo ibintu bikomeye byo gutembera cyane umurizo. Ihagarikwa ryigenga ryigenga rikoreshwa ahanini mu guhagarikwa inyuma, ariko kubera ko idashobora kuba yujuje ibisabwa mu gutwara byihuse, ntabwo ikoreshwa cyane muri iki gihe.

Ibinani-wifuza guhagarikwa bigabanijwemo bingana-uburebure bwahagaritswe kandi budahagije-burebure-burebure-bwimbyinde Uburebure bungana-kwifuzwa-kwifuzwa burashobora kugumana impengamiro ya kingpin burigihe uruziga rusimbukira, ariko imbaraga zikirangantego), zikaba zikoreshwa cyane. Kuburebure buhagije-bwishyo-bwishyo, igihe cyose uburebure bwicyifuzo cyo hejuru kandi cyo hasi cyatoranijwe neza kandi kikaba gifite gahunda zifatika zo guhuza ibimuga, zikaba zigira ingaruka kumipaka yemewe, kureba ko imodoka ifite umutekano mwiza. Kugeza ubu, uburebure buhagije-bwifuze bukoreshwa cyane mu guhagarikwa cyane kandi inyuma yimodoka, hamwe ninziga yinyuma yimodoka zimwe na zimwe za siporo hamwe nimodoka yo gusiganwa nayo ikoresha ubwo buryo bwo guhagarika.