Guhagarika munsi y'umuntu: "Inkingi itagaragara" y'ingendo z'ikinyabiziga
Guhagarika munsi y'umubiri, akenshi byitwa ukuboko ko hasi cyangwa agace ko hasi, ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi gihuza amapine n'umubiri w'ikinyabiziga muri sisitemu yo guhagarika. Bishobora gusa nkaho ntacyo bivuze, ariko bigira imirimo myinshi y'ingenzi mu gihe imodoka igenda kandi bigira ingaruka ku ituze, uburyo itwara n'umutekano wo gutwara.
Mu buryo bw'imiterere, igice cyo munsi y'umubiri gigizwe ahanini n'ibice by'icyuma. Gihujwe n'amapine n'umubiri w'ikinyabiziga binyuze mu ngingo z'umupira n'udupira twa rubber, gishobora gutwara hafi 30% by'uburemere bw'ikinyabiziga budahinduka. Mu gihe cyo gutwara imodoka mu buryo buhindagurika, kiba "aho gutwara imodoka": mu gihe cyo kwihuta, cyohereza imbaraga zo gutwara moteri kuva ku mubiri w'ikinyabiziga zikajya ku mapine; mu gihe cyo gufunga, cyohereza imbaraga zo gufunga ku butaka ku mubiri w'ikinyabiziga kugira ngo gikomeze kugenda neza. Muri icyo gihe, gishobora kugenzura neza inzira y'imigendere y'amapine, bigatuma amapine akorana neza n'ubutaka, cyongera ubuso bwo guhuriraho ho 15%-20%, ibi bikaba bigabanya intera yo gufunga feri gusa ahubwo binanongera uburyo bwo gufata feri, bigatuma imiyoborere irushaho kuba myiza kandi umubiri w'ikinyabiziga urushaho gukomera.
Ku bijyanye no koroherwa, icyuma cyo munsi y'umubiri nacyo kigira uruhare runini. Uduce twa rubber two ku mpera zombi dukora nk'"uduce duto", tugashungura 60%-70% by'imitingito yo mu muhanda. Ubwoko butandukanye bwa rubber bushobora kugera ku buringanire bw'imikorere: hydraulic bushings zihuza uburyo bwo gutwara no koroherwa, ibyuma bya rubber bushings biraramba, kandi ibyuma bya polyurethane bikwiranye cyane n'imodoka zikoresha siporo. Byongeye kandi, mu gihe hagonganye umuvuduko muto, icyuma cyo munsi y'umubiri gishobora kwangirika kugira ngo gikurure ingufu, kikarinda imiterere y'imodoka kwangirika, kandi kikongeraho imbogamizi y'umutekano ku bagenzi.
Umuburo w'ikosa: "Ikimenyetso cyihutirwa" cy'ihagarikwa ry'umubiri munsi y'umubiri
Imodoka yo munsi y'imodoka ihora ihura n'uburemere bw'imodoka n'impanuka zo mu muhanda, kandi nta kabuza igira amakosa. Kwirengagiza ibi bimenyetso ntibigira ingaruka gusa ku bijyanye no gutwara imodoka ahubwo bishobora no guteza ibyago ku mutekano. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'amakosa birimo:
Amajwi adasanzwe akunze kugaragara
Iki ni cyo kimenyetso kigaragara cyane cy’ikosa ryo guhagarara munsi y’umubiri. Iyo ikinyabiziga kinyuze hejuru y’imivuduko cyangwa umuhanda utaringaniye, iyo chassis ivuze urusaku "rukomeye" rw’ibyuma bihindagurika, birashoboka ko biterwa no gusaza no kwangirika kw’imivuduko ya rubber. Igihe gisanzwe cyo kumara imivuduko ya rubber ni imyaka 3-5. Guhagarika imodoka igihe kirekire cyangwa gutwara imodoka mu mihanda mibi bizihutisha gusaza no gutuma imivuduko ya rubber itakaza ubuziranenge, bigatera urusaku rudasanzwe iyo ibice by’icyuma bihuye. Byongeye kandi, iyo umukungugu w’inyuma y’umupira w’ukuboko kwo hasi wangiritse, ukwinjira mu mukungugu bituma amavuta atera amavuta ava, bigatera kwangirika no gucika intege kw’imivuduko ya rubber, kandi urusaku rudasanzwe rukarushaho kwiyongera mu gihe cyo kuyobora cyangwa guhagarara.
Kugabanuka k'imikorere yo gucunga
Guhinduka kw'aho munsi y'umubiri cyangwa aho umupira uhagarara bitera kunyuranamo mu buryo bw'ibiziga, cyane cyane bigaragazwa no kunyurana kw'ikinyabiziga - iyo utwaye ugororotse, uruziga rw'imodoka rugomba gukosorwa buri gihe, aho kunyuranamo kurenza metero 1 muri metero 100 ari byo bitera impungenge. Muri icyo gihe, mu gihe cyo guhagarara mu mfuruka, umubiri w'ikinyabiziga uzagira imiterere ikomeye yo ku ruhande, uburyo bwo gufata bugenda neza bugacika intege, ndetse no kubura ubushishozi no kumva ko hari ikintu gikomeye gishobora kubaho. Mu gihe cy'impanuka, imbere y'ikinyabiziga imanuka hejuru ya santimetero 12 (hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'uburebure bw'icupa ry'amazi), ibi bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko munsi y'umubiri habayeho kunanirwa guhagarara.
Kwangirika kudasanzwe kw'amapine
Ikosa ryo guhagarara munsi y'umuzigo rituma amapine ananirwa kuguma ahagaze hasi, bigatuma amapine "agoramye". Urugero, uruhande rw'imbere rw'ipine rurashaje cyane, mu gihe uruhande rwo hanze rudashaje cyane, cyangwa ipine rigaragaza "ihindagurika" cyangwa "ifite amenyo", aho umupira w'ipine ugenda ku ruhande rumwe ugera kuri milimetero 3. Uku kwangirika kudasanzwe ntigutuma amapine amara igihe gito gusa ahubwo binagabanya uburyo amapine afata, byongera ibyago byo gucika kw'amapine.
Imiterere idasanzwe y'ikinyabiziga
Iyo ubonye ikinyabiziga gihengamye ku ruhande rumwe nyuma yo guparika, cyangwa itandukaniro ry'uburebure riri hejuru ya santimetero 1 hagati y'amapine ane, bishobora guterwa no kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika kw'imashini yo munsi y'umubiri, bigatuma umubiri w'ikinyabiziga uri kuri urwo ruhande ugwa. Ibi bikunze kugaragara mu modoka zishaje cyangwa imodoka zikunze kugendeshwa mu mihanda idafunze. Mu bihe bikomeye, bishobora no gutuma amapine agwa ku miyoboro y'amapine, bigatera impanuka z'umutekano.
Gusana buri munsi: Reka icyuma cyo munsi y'umubiri "kibeho igihe kirekire"
Kunanirwa guhagarara munsi y'imodoka ntibibura ibimenyetso by'ingamba. Gukomeza kuyibungabunga bishobora kongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha. Ni byiza ko ba nyir'imodoka bagenzura aho umupira uherereye n'imiterere y'aho umupira uherereye muri sisitemu yo guhagarara buri kilometero 20.000. Icyuho gisanzwe hagati y'aho umupira uherereye n'aho umupira uherereye kigomba kuba munsi ya milimetero 0.5. Iyo kirenze iki giciro, ni ngombwa gusimbuza. Nyuma yo gusimbuza ibice byo guhagarara, hagomba gukorwa uburyo bwo guhuza amapine kugira ngo harebwe neza uburyo amapine ahagaze kandi hirindwe kwangirika kudasanzwe kw'amapine.
Byongeye kandi, ingeso zo gutwara imodoka zigira ingaruka ku buzima bwa sisitemu yo guhagarika imodoka. Gerageza kwirinda kunyura ku mivuduko n'ibinogo vuba kugira ngo ugabanye ingaruka ku guhagarika imodoka; ku modoka zihagaze igihe kirekire, zigomba kwimurwa buri gihe kugira ngo hirindwe ko imigozi ya rubber yangirika bitewe n'umuvuduko w'igihe kirekire.
Muri make, sisitemu yo guhagarika imodoka ni "inkingi itagaragara" y'imikorere y'ikinyabiziga. Imiterere yayo igira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mutekano w'ikinyabiziga n'uburambe bwacyo. Witondere imikorere n'ibimenyetso by'ikosa bya sisitemu yo guhagarika imodoka, kandi ukore isuku buri gihe kugira ngo ikinyabiziga gikomeze gukora neza.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, komeza usome izindi nkuru kuri uru rubuga!
Duhamagare niba ukeneye ibyo bicuruzwa.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co, Ltd. yiyemeje kugurisha MG&MAXUSIbikoresho by'imodoka birahari kugura.
